<thead>: The Table Head element - HTML: HyperText Markup Language 编辑

The HTML <thead> element defines a set of rows defining the head of the columns of the table.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

Content categories	None.
Permitted content	Zero or more <tr> elements.
Tag omission	The start tag is mandatory. The end tag may be omitted if the <thead> element is immediately followed by a <tbody> or <tfoot> element.
Permitted parents	A <table> element. The <thead> must appear after any <caption> or <colgroup> element, even implicitly defined, but before any <tbody>, <tfoot> and <tr> element.
Implicit ARIA role	rowgroup
Permitted ARIA roles	Any
DOM interface	HTMLTableSectionElement

Attributes

This element includes the global attributes.

Deprecated attributes

align in HTML 4, in HTML5

This enumerated attribute specifies how horizontal alignment of each cell content will be handled. Possible values are:

• left, aligning the content to the left of the cell
• center, centering the content in the cell
• right, aligning the content to the right of the cell
• justify, inserting spaces into the textual content so that the content is justified in the cell
• char, aligning the textual content on a special character with a minimal offset, defined by the char and charoff attributes Unimplemented (see bug 2212).

If this attribute is not set, the left value is assumed.

Note: Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (not supported) in the latest standard.

• To achieve the same effect as the left, center, right or justify values, use the CSS text-align property on it.
• To achieve the same effect as the char value, in CSS3, you can use the value of the char as the value of the text-align property Unimplemented.

bgcolor

This attribute defines the background color of each cell of the column. It is one of the 6-digit hexadecimal code as defined in sRGB, prefixed by a '#'. One of the sixteen predefined color strings may be used:

	black = "#000000"		green = "#008000"
	silver = "#C0C0C0"		lime = "#00FF00"
	gray = "#808080"		olive = "#808000"
	white = "#FFFFFF"		yellow = "#FFFF00"
	maroon = "#800000"		navy = "#000080"
	red = "#FF0000"		blue = "#0000FF"
	purple = "#800080"		teal = "#008080"
	fuchsia = "#FF00FF"		aqua = "#00FFFF"

Usage note: Do not use this attribute, as it is non-standard and only implemented in some versions of Microsoft Internet Explorer: the <thead> element should be styled using CSS. To give a similar effect to the bgcolor attribute, use the CSS property background-color, on the relevant <td> or <th> elements.

char in HTML 4, in HTML5

This attribute is used to set the character to align the cells in a column on. Typical values for this include a period (.) when attempting to align numbers or monetary values. If align is not set to char, this attribute is ignored. Note: Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard. To achieve the same effect as the char, in CSS3, you can use the character set using the char attribute as the value of the text-align property Unimplemented.

charoff in HTML 4, in HTML5

This attribute is used to indicate the number of characters to offset the column data from the alignment characters specified by the char attribute. Note: Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard.

valign in HTML 4, in HTML5

This attribute specifies the vertical alignment of the text within each row of cells of the table header. Possible values for this attribute are:

• baseline, which will put the text as close to the bottom of the cell as it is possible, but align it on the baseline of the characters instead of the bottom of them. If characters are all of the size, this has the same effect as bottom.
• bottom, which will put the text as close to the bottom of the cell as it is possible;
• middle, which will center the text in the cell;
• top, which will put the text as close to the top of the cell as it is possible.

Note: Do not use this attribute as it is obsolete (and not supported) in the latest standard: instead set the CSS vertical-align property on it.

Examples

See <table> for examples on <thead>.

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
HTML Living Standard The definition of 'thead element' in that specification.	Living Standard
HTML5 The definition of 'thead element' in that specification.	Recommendation

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

• Other table-related HTML Elements: <caption>, <col>, <colgroup>, <table>, <tbody>, <td>, <tfoot>, <th>, <tr>;
• CSS properties and pseudo-classes that may be specially useful to style the <thead> element:
  • the :nth-child pseudo-class to set the alignment on the cells of the column;
  • the text-align property to align all cells content on the same character, like '.'.