vertical-align - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets 编辑

The vertical-align CSS property sets vertical alignment of an inline, inline-block or table-cell box.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.

The vertical-align property can be used in two contexts:

• To vertically align an inline element's box inside its containing line box. For example, it could be used to vertically position an <img> in a line of text:

<p>
top:<img style="vertical-align:top" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
middle:<img style="vertical-align:middle" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
bottom:<img style="vertical-align:bottom" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
super:<img style="vertical-align:super" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
sub:<img style="vertical-align:sub" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
</p>
<p>
text-top:<img style="vertical-align:text-top" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
text-bottom:<img  style="vertical-align:text-bottom" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
0.2em:<img style="vertical-align:0.2em" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
-1em:<img  style="vertical-align:-1em" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
20%:<img style="vertical-align:20%" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
-100%:<img  style="vertical-align:-100%" src="https://www.wenjiangs.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/mozilla/star.png"/>
</p>

#* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

img {
  margin-right: 0.5em;
}

p {
  height: 3em;
  padding: 0 .5em;
  font-family: monospace;
  text-decoration: underline overline;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  width: 80%;
}

• To vertically align the content of a cell in a table:

<table>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: baseline">baseline</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">top</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle">middle</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">bottom</td>
    <td>
      <p>There is a theory which states that if ever anyone discovers exactly what the Universe is for and why it is here, it will instantly disappear and be replaced by something even more bizarre and inexplicable.</p>
<p>There is another theory which states that this has already happened.</p>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>

table {
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  width: 80%;
}

table, th, td {
  border: 1px solid black;
}

td {
  padding: 0.5em;
  font-family: monospace;
}

Note that vertical-align only applies to inline, inline-block and table-cell elements: you can't use it to vertically align block-level elements.

Syntax

/* Keyword values */
vertical-align: baseline;
vertical-align: sub;
vertical-align: super;
vertical-align: text-top;
vertical-align: text-bottom;
vertical-align: middle;
vertical-align: top;
vertical-align: bottom;

/* <length> values */
vertical-align: 10em;
vertical-align: 4px;

/* <percentage> values */
vertical-align: 20%;

/* Global values */
vertical-align: inherit;
vertical-align: initial;
vertical-align: unset;

The vertical-align property is specified as one of the values listed below.

Values for inline elements

Parent-relative values

These values vertically align the element relative to its parent element:

baseline

Aligns the baseline of the element with the baseline of its parent. The baseline of some replaced elements, like <textarea>, is not specified by the HTML specification, meaning that their behavior with this keyword may vary between browsers.

sub

Aligns the baseline of the element with the subscript-baseline of its parent.

super

Aligns the baseline of the element with the superscript-baseline of its parent.

text-top

Aligns the top of the element with the top of the parent element's font.

text-bottom

Aligns the bottom of the element with the bottom of the parent element's font.

middle

Aligns the middle of the element with the baseline plus half the x-height of the parent.

<length>

Aligns the baseline of the element to the given length above the baseline of its parent. A negative value is allowed.

<percentage>

Aligns the baseline of the element to the given percentage above the baseline of its parent, with the value being a percentage of the line-height property. A negative value is allowed.

Line-relative values

The following values vertically align the element relative to the entire line:

top

Aligns the top of the element and its descendants with the top of the entire line.

bottom

Aligns the bottom of the element and its descendants with the bottom of the entire line.

For elements that do not have a baseline, the bottom margin edge is used instead.

Values for table cells

baseline (and sub, super, text-top, text-bottom, <length>, and <percentage>)

Aligns the baseline of the cell with the baseline of all other cells in the row that are baseline-aligned.

top

Aligns the top padding edge of the cell with the top of the row.

middle

Centers the padding box of the cell within the row.

bottom

Aligns the bottom padding edge of the cell with the bottom of the row.

Negative values are allowed.

Formal definition

Initial value	baseline
Applies to	inline-level and table-cell elements. It also applies to ::first-letter and ::first-line.
Inherited	no
Percentages	refer to the line-height of the element itself
Computed value	for percentage and length values, the absolute length, otherwise the keyword as specified
Animation type	a length

Formal syntax

baseline | sub | super | text-top | text-bottom | middle | top | bottom | <percentage> | <length>

Examples

Basic example

HTML

<div>An <img src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12245/frame_image.svg" alt="link" width="32" height="32" /> image with a default alignment.</div>
<div>An <img class="top" src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12245/frame_image.svg" alt="link" width="32" height="32" /> image with a text-top alignment.</div>
<div>An <img class="bottom" src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12245/frame_image.svg" alt="link" width="32" height="32" /> image with a text-bottom alignment.</div>
<div>An <img class="middle" src="https://mdn.mozillademos.org/files/12245/frame_image.svg" alt="link" width="32" height="32" /> image with a middle alignment.</div>

CSS

img.top { vertical-align: text-top; }
img.bottom { vertical-align: text-bottom; }
img.middle { vertical-align: middle; }

Result

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
CSS Level 2 (Revision 1) The definition of 'vertical-align' in that specification.	Recommendation	Adds the <length> value and allows it to be applied to elements with a display type of table-cell.
CSS Level 1 The definition of 'vertical-align' in that specification.	Recommendation	Initial definition.

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

• Typical use cases of Flexbox, section "Center item"
• line-height, text-align, margin
• Understanding vertical-align, or "How (Not) To Vertically Center Content"
• Vertical-Align: All You Need To Know