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<input type="number"> - HTML（超文本标记语言）编辑

"number"类型的 <input> 元素用于让用户输入一个数字。其包括内置验证以拒绝非数字输入。浏览器可能会选择提供步进箭头，让用户可以使用鼠标增加和减少输入的值，或者只需用指尖敲击即可。

注意：不支持 "number" 类型的浏览器会改用标准的 "text" 输入框。

<input id="number" type="number">

Value	表示一个数字的 `Number` ，或空
事件	`change` 和 `input`
支持的公共属性	`autocomplete`, `list`, `placeholder`, `readonly`
IDL 属性	`list`, `value`, `valueAsNumber`
方法	`select()`, `stepUp()`, `stepDown()`

值

填写到输入框中的数值文字的Number表示。你可以通过把一个数字放在value 属性中来设置输入框的默认值，如下:

<input id="number" type="number" value="42">

You can provide a list of default options from which the user can select by specifying the list attribute, which contains as its value the ID of a <datalist>, which in turn contains one <option> element per suggested value; each option's value is the corresponding suggested value for the number entry box.

<input id="ticketNum" type="number" name="ticketNum" list="defaultNumbers">
<span class="validity"></span>

<datalist id="defaultNumbers">
  <option value="10045678">
  <option value="103421">
  <option value="11111111">
  <option value="12345678">
  <option value="12999922">
</datalist>

并非所有浏览器都支持"number" 输入框的 list 属性。它在 Chrome 和 Opera 中有效，但在 Firefox 中无效。

验证

We have alread mentioned a number of validation features of number inputs, but let's review them now:

<input type="number"> elements automatically invalidate any entry that isn't a number (or empty, unless required is specified).
You can use the required attribute to make an empty entry invalid, i.e. the input has to be filled in.
You can use the step attribute to constrain valid values to a certain set of steps (e.g. multiples of 10).
You can use the min and max attributes to constrain valid values to lower and upper bounds.

The following example exhibits all of the above features, as well as using some CSS to display valid and invalid icons when the input value is valid/invalid:

<form>
  <div>
    <label for="balloons">Number of balloons to order (multiples of 10):</label>
    <input id="balloons" type="number" name="balloons" step="10" min="0" max="100" required>
    <span class="validity"></span>
  </div>
  <div>
    <input type="submit">
  </div>
</form>

Try submitting the form with different invalid values entered — e.g. no value, a value below 0 or above 100, a value that is not a multiple of 10, or a non-numerical value — and see how the error messages the browser gives you differ with different ones.

The CSS applied to this example is as follows:

div {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

input:invalid+span:after {
  content: '✖';
  padding-left: 5px;
}

input:valid+span:after {
  content: '✓';
  padding-left: 5px;
}

Here we use the :invalid and :valid pseudo classes to display an appropriate invalid or valid icon as generated content on the adjacent <span> element, indicating if the current value is valid. We put it on a separate <span> element for added flexibility; some browsers don't display generated content very effectively on some types of form inputs (read for example the section on <input type="date"> validation).

Important: HTML form validation is not a substitute for server-side scripts that ensure that the entered data is in the proper format. It's far too easy for someone to make adjustments to the HTML that allow them to bypass the validation, or to remove it entirely. It's also possible for someone to bypass your HTML and submit the data directly to your server. If your server-side code fails to validate the data it receives, disaster could strike when improperly-formatted data is submitted (or data which is too large, is of the wrong type, and so forth).

验证模式

<input type="number"> elements do not support use of the pattern attribute for making entered values conform to a specific regex pattern. The rationale for this is that number inputs can't contain anything except numbers, and you can constrain the minimum and maximum number of valid digits using the min and max attributes, as explained above.

示例

We've already covered the fact that by default, the increment is 1, and you can use the step attribute to allow decimal inputs. Let's take a closer look. In the following example we've set up a form for entering the user's height; it defaults to accepting a height in meters, but you can click the relevant button to change the form to accept feet and inches instead. The input for the height in meters accepts decimals to two places.

The HTML looks like this:

<form>
    <div class="metersInputGroup">
        <label for="meters">Enter your height — meters:</label>
        <input id="meters" type="number" name="meters" step="0.01" min="0" placeholder="e.g. 1.78" required>
        <span class="validity"></span>
    </div>
    <div class="feetInputGroup" style="display: none;">
        <span>Enter your height — </span>
        <label for="feet">feet:</label>
        <input id="feet" type="number" name="feet" min="0" step="1">
        <span class="validity"></span>
        <label for="inches">inches:</label>
        <input id="inches" type="number" name="inches" min="0" max="11" step="1">
        <span class="validity"></span>
    </div>
    <div>
      <input type="button" class="meters" value="Enter height in feet and inches">
    </div>
    <div>
        <input type="submit" value="Submit form">
    </div>
</form>

You'll see that we are using many of the attributes we've already looked at in the article earlier on. Since we want to accept a meter value in centimeters, we've set the step value to 0.01, so that values like 1.78 are not seen as invalid. We've also provided a placeholder for that input.

We've hidden the feet and inches inputs initially using style="display: none;" so that meters is the default entry type.

Now on to the CSS — this looks very similar to the validation styling we saw before; nothing remarkable here:

div {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  position: relative;
}

input[type="number"] {
  width: 100px;
}

input + span {
  padding-right: 30px;
}

input:invalid+span:after {
  position: absolute;
  content: '✖';
  padding-left: 5px;
}

input:valid+span:after {
  position: absolute;
  content: '✓';
  padding-left: 5px;
}

And finally, the JavaScript:

var metersInputGroup = document.querySelector('.metersInputGroup');
var feetInputGroup = document.querySelector('.feetInputGroup');
var metersInput = document.querySelector('#meters');
var feetInput = document.querySelector('#feet');
var inchesInput = document.querySelector('#inches');
var switchBtn = document.querySelector('input[type="button"]');

switchBtn.addEventListener('click', function() {
  if(switchBtn.getAttribute('class') === 'meters') {
    switchBtn.setAttribute('class', 'feet');
    switchBtn.value = 'Enter height in meters';

    metersInputGroup.style.display = 'none';
    feetInputGroup.style.display = 'block';

    feetInput.setAttribute('required', '');
    inchesInput.setAttribute('required', '');
    metersInput.removeAttribute('required');

    metersInput.value = '';
  } else {
    switchBtn.setAttribute('class', 'meters');
    switchBtn.value = 'Enter height in feet and inches';

    metersInputGroup.style.display = 'block';
    feetInputGroup.style.display = 'none';

    feetInput.removeAttribute('required');
    inchesInput.removeAttribute('required');
    metersInput.setAttribute('required', '');

    feetInput.value = '';
    inchesInput.value = '';
  }
});

After declaring a few variables, we add an event listener to the button to control the switching mechanism. This is pretty simple, mostly involving changing over the button class and label, and updating the display values of the two sets of inputs when the button is pressed. Note that we're not converting back and forth between meters and feet/inches here, which a real-life web application would probably do.

Note that when the user clicks the button, we remove the required attribute(s) from the input(s) we are hiding, and empty the value attribute(s). This is so that we can submit the form if both input sets aren't filled in, and won't submit data that we didn't mean to submit. If we didn't do this, you'd have to fill in both feet/inches and meters to submit the form!

规范

Specification	Status	Comment
HTML Living Standard <input type="number">	Living Standard	Initial definition
HTML 5.1 <input type="number">	Recommendation	Initial definition

浏览器兼容性

We're converting our compatibility data into a machine-readable JSON format. This compatibility table still uses the old format, because we haven't yet converted the data it contains. Find out how you can help!

Desktop
Mobile

Feature	Chrome	Edge	Firefox (Gecko)	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari
Basic support	(Yes)	(Yes)	(Yes)	10	(Yes)	(Yes)

Feature	Android	Chrome for Android	Edge	Firefox Mobile (Gecko)	IE Mobile	Opera Mobile	iOS WebKit ^{_{(Safari/Chrome/Firefox/etc.)}}
Basic support	(Yes)	(Yes)	(Yes)	(Yes)	?	(Yes)	(Yes)

<input type="number"> - HTML（超文本标记语言）编辑

值

使用 number 输入框

一个简单的 number 输入框

占位符

控制步进大小

指定最小和最大值

允许小数值

控制输入框大小

提供建议值

验证

验证模式

示例

规范

浏览器兼容性

相关链接

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<input type="number"> - HTML（超文本标记语言） 编辑

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

发布评论

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友情链接

<input type="number"> - HTML（超文本标记语言）编辑

如果你对这篇内容有疑问，欢迎到本站社区发帖提问参与讨论，获取更多帮助，或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。