当前位置：文江博客知识库简体中文文档 Web API Window popstate_event

popstate - Web API 接口参考编辑

当活动历史记录条目更改时，将触发popstate事件。如果被激活的历史记录条目是通过对history.pushState（）的调用创建的，或者受到对history.replaceState（）的调用的影响，popstate事件的state属性包含历史条目的状态对象的副本。

需要注意的是调用history.pushState()或history.replaceState()不会触发popstate事件。只有在做出浏览器动作时，才会触发该事件，如用户点击浏览器的回退按钮（或者在Javascript代码中调用history.back()或者history.forward()方法）

不同的浏览器在加载页面时处理popstate事件的形式存在差异。页面加载时Chrome和Safari通常会触发(emit )popstate事件，但Firefox则不会。

常规信息

Specification: HTML5
Interface: PopStateEvent
Bubbles: 是
Cancelable: 否
Target: defaultView
Default Action: 无

属性

Property	Type	Description
`target` 只读	`EventTarget`	The browsing context (`window`).
`type` 只读	`DOMString`	The type of event.
`bubbles` 只读	`Boolean`	Whether the event normally bubbles or not.
`cancelable` 只读	`Boolean`	Whether the event is cancellable or not.
`state` 只读	any	The current history entry's state object (if any).

We're converting our compatibility data into a machine-readable JSON format. This compatibility table still uses the old format, because we haven't yet converted the data it contains. Find out how you can help!

Desktop
Mobile

Feature	Chrome	Firefox (Gecko)	Internet Explorer	Opera	Safari
Basic support	Yes	4.0 (2)	10.0	Yes	limited

Feature	Android	Firefox Mobile (Gecko)	IE Mobile	Opera Mobile	Safari Mobile
Basic support	3.0 (buggy in 2.2 and 2.3)	4.0 (2)	10.0	Yes	limited

示例

打开http://example.com/example.html页面运行以下代码， 会按预期那样打出log提示。

window.addEventListener('popstate', (event) => {
  console.log("location: " + document.location + ", state: " + JSON.stringify(event.state));
});
history.pushState({page: 1}, "title 1", "?page=1");
history.pushState({page: 2}, "title 2", "?page=2");
history.replaceState({page: 3}, "title 3", "?page=3");
history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {"page":1}"
history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null
history.go(2);  // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {"page":3}

使用onpopstate事件处理程序属性的相同示例：

window.onpopstate = function(event) {
  console.log("location: " + document.location + ", state: " + JSON.stringify(event.state));
};
history.pushState({page: 1}, "title 1", "?page=1");
history.pushState({page: 2}, "title 2", "?page=2");
history.replaceState({page: 3}, "title 3", "?page=3");
history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {"page":1}"
history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null
history.go(2);  // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {"page":3}

注意，虽然原始的历史项（ http://example.com/example.html所对应的）没有关联的状态对象（state object），但稍后调用history.back()激活该历史项时，仍会触发popstate事件。