@supports - CSS: Cascading Style Sheets 编辑

The @supports CSS at-rule lets you specify declarations that depend on a browser's support for one or more specific CSS features. This is called a feature query. The rule may be placed at the top level of your code or nested inside any other conditional group at-rule.

@supports (display: grid) {
  div {
    display: grid;
  }
}

@supports not (display: grid) {
  div {
    float: right;
  }
}

In JavaScript, @supports can be accessed via the CSS object model interface CSSSupportsRule.

Syntax

The @supports at-rule associates a block of statements with a supports condition. The supports condition consists of one or more name-value pairs combined by conjunctions (and), disjunctions (or), and/or negations (not). Precedence of operators can be defined with parentheses.

Declaration syntax

The most basic supports condition is a simple declaration (a property name followed by a value, separated by a colon). The declaration must be surrounded by parentheses. The following example returns true if the browser's transform-origin property considers 5% 5% valid:

@supports (transform-origin: 5% 5%) {}

Function syntax

The second basic supports condition is a supports function, the syntax for these is supported by all browsers, but the functions themselves are still being standardized.

selector() 

Tests if the browser supports the tested selector syntax. The following example returns true if the browser supports the child combinator:

@supports selector(A > B) {}

The not operator

The not operator can precede any expression to create a new expression, resulting in the negation of the original one. The following example returns true if the browser's transform-origin property doesn't consider 10em 10em 10em valid:

@supports not (transform-origin: 10em 10em 10em) {}

As with any operator, the not operator can be applied to a declaration of any complexity. The following examples are both valid:

@supports not (not (transform-origin: 2px)) {}
@supports (display: grid) and (not (display: inline-grid)) {}

Note: There is no need to enclose the not operator between two parentheses at the top level. To combine it with other operators, like and and or, the parentheses are required.

The and operator

The and operator creates a new expression from the conjunction of two shorter expressions. It returns true only if both of the shorter expressions are also true. The following example returns true if and only if the two shorter expressions are simultaneously true:

@supports (display: table-cell) and (display: list-item) {}

Multiple conjunctions can be juxtaposed without the need of more parentheses. The following are both equivalent:

@supports (display: table-cell) and (display: list-item) and (display:run-in) {}
@supports (display: table-cell) and ((display: list-item) and (display:run-in)) {}

The or operator

The or operator creates a new expression from the disjunction of two shorter expressions. It returns true if one or both of the shorter expressions is also true. The following example returns true if at least one of the two shorter expressions is true:

@supports (transform-style: preserve) or (-moz-transform-style: preserve) {}

Multiple disjunctions can be juxtaposed without the need of more parentheses. The following are both equivalent:

@supports (transform-style: preserve) or (-moz-transform-style: preserve) or
          (-o-transform-style: preserve) or (-webkit-transform-style: preserve) {}

@supports (transform-style: preserve-3d) or ((-moz-transform-style: preserve-3d) or
          ((-o-transform-style: preserve-3d) or (-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d))) {}

Note: When using both and and or operators, the parentheses must be used to define the order in which they apply. Otherwise, the condition is invalid and the whole rule is ignored.

Formal syntax

@supports <supports-condition> {
  <group-rule-body>
}
where 
<supports-condition> = not <supports-in-parens> | <supports-in-parens> [ and <supports-in-parens> ]* | <supports-in-parens> [ or <supports-in-parens> ]*
where 
<supports-in-parens> = ( <supports-condition> ) | <supports-feature> | <general-enclosed>
where 
<supports-feature> = <supports-decl> | <supports-selector-fn>
<general-enclosed> = [ <function-token> <any-value> ) ] | ( <ident> <any-value> )
where 
<supports-decl> = ( <declaration> )
<supports-selector-fn> = selector( <complex-selector> )
where 
<complex-selector> = <compound-selector> [ <combinator>? <compound-selector> ]*
where 
<compound-selector> = [ <type-selector>? <subclass-selector>* [ <pseudo-element-selector> <pseudo-class-selector>* ]* ]!
<combinator> = '>' | '+' | '~' | [ '||' ]
where 
<type-selector> = <wq-name> | <ns-prefix>? '*'
<subclass-selector> = <id-selector> | <class-selector> | <attribute-selector> | <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-element-selector> = ':' <pseudo-class-selector>
<pseudo-class-selector> = ':' <ident-token> | ':' <function-token> <any-value> ')'
where 
<wq-name> = <ns-prefix>? <ident-token>
<ns-prefix> = [ <ident-token> | '*' ]?  | 
<id-selector> = <hash-token>
<class-selector> = '.' <ident-token>
<attribute-selector> = '[' <wq-name> ']' | '[' <wq-name> <attr-matcher> [ <string-token> | <ident-token> ] <attr-modifier>? ']'
where 
<attr-matcher> = [ '~' |  |  | '^' | '$' | '*' ]? '='
<attr-modifier> = i | s

Examples

Testing for the support of a given CSS property

@supports (animation-name: test) {
  … /* CSS applied when animations are supported without a prefix */
  @keyframes { /* Other at-rules can be nested inside */
    …
  }
}

Testing for the support of a given CSS property or a prefixed version

@supports ((perspective: 10px) or (-moz-perspective: 10px) or (-webkit-perspective: 10px) or
         (-ms-perspective: 10px) or (-o-perspective: 10px)) {
  … /* CSS applied when 3D transforms, prefixed or not, are supported */
}

Testing for the non-support of a specific CSS property

@supports not ((text-align-last: justify) or (-moz-text-align-last: justify)) {
  … /* CSS to provide fallback alternative for text-align-last: justify */
}

Testing for the support of custom properties

@supports (--foo: green) {
  body {
    color: var(--varName);
  }
}

Testing for the support of a selector (eg. :is())

Experimental

This is an experimental technology
Check the Browser compatibility table carefully before using this in production.

/* This rule won't be applied in browsers which don't support :is() */
:is(ul, ol) > li {
  … /* CSS applied when the :is(…) selector is supported */
}

@supports not selector(:is(a, b)) {
  /* Fallback for when :is() is unsupported */
  ul > li,
  ol > li {
    … /* The above expanded for browsers which don't support :is(…) */
  }
}

/* Note: By far, there's no browser that supports the `of` argument of :nth-child(…) */
@supports selector(:nth-child(1n of a, b)) {
  /* This rule needs to be inside the @supports block, otherwise
     it will be partially applied in browsers which don't support
     the `of` argument of :nth-child(…) is supported */
  :is(
      :nth-child(1n of ul, ol) a,
      details > summary
  ) {
    … /* CSS applied when the :is(…) selector and
         the `of` argument of :nth-child(…) are both supported */
  }
}

Specifications

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

• Using feature queries
• The CSSOM class CSSSupportsRule, and the CSS.supports() method that allows the same check to be performed via JavaScript.