Blob - Web APIs 编辑

The Blob object represents a blob, which is a file-like object of immutable, raw data; they can be read as text or binary data, or converted into a ReadableStream so its methods can be used for processing the data.

Blobs can represent data that isn't necessarily in a JavaScript-native format. The File interface is based on Blob, inheriting blob functionality and expanding it to support files on the user's system.

Using blobs

To construct a Blob from other non-blob objects and data, use the Blob() constructor. To create a blob that contains a subset of another blob's data, use the slice() method. To obtain a Blob object for a file on the user's file system, see the File documentation.

The APIs accepting Blob objects are also listed in the File documentation.

Constructor

Blob()

Returns a newly created Blob object which contains a concatenation of all of the data in the array passed into the constructor.

Instance properties

Blob.prototype.size Read only

The size, in bytes, of the data contained in the Blob object.

Blob.prototype.type Read only

A string indicating the MIME type of the data contained in the Blob. If the type is unknown, this string is empty.

Instance methods

Blob.prototype.arrayBuffer()

Returns a promise that resolves with an ArrayBuffer containing the entire contents of the Blob as binary data.

Blob.prototype.slice()

Returns a new Blob object containing the data in the specified range of bytes of the blob on which it's called.

Blob.prototype.stream()

Returns a ReadableStream that can be used to read the contents of the Blob.

Blob.prototype.text()

Returns a promise that resolves with a USVString containing the entire contents of the Blob interpreted as UTF-8 text.

Examples

Creating a blob

The Blob() constructor can create blobs from other objects. For example, to construct a blob from a JSON string:

const obj = {hello: 'world'};
const blob = new Blob([JSON.stringify(obj, null, 2)], {type : 'application/json'});

Creating a URL representing the contents of a typed array

The following code creates a JavaScript typed array and creates a new Blob containing the typed array's data. It then calls URL.createObjectURL() to convert the blob into a URL.

HTML

<p>This example creates a typed array containing the ASCII codes
   for the space character through the letter Z, then converts it
   to an object URL. A link to open that object URL is created.
   Click the link to see the decoded object URL.</p>

JavaScript

The main piece of this code for example purposes is the typedArrayToURL() function, which creates a Blob from the given typed array and returns an object URL for it. Having converted the data into an object URL, it can be used in a number of ways, including as the value of the <img> element's src attribute (assuming the data contains an image, of course).

function typedArrayToURL(typedArray, mimeType) {
  return URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([typedArray.buffer], {type: mimeType}))
}

const bytes = new Uint8Array(59);

for(let i = 0; i < 59; i++) {
  bytes[i] = 32 + i;
}

const url = typedArrayToURL(bytes, 'text/plain');

const link = document.createElement('a');
link.href = url;
link.innerText = 'Open the array URL';

document.body.appendChild(link);

Result

Click the link in the example to see the browser decode the object URL.

Extracting data from a blob

One way to read content from a Blob is to use a FileReader. The following code reads the content of a Blob as a typed array:

const reader = new FileReader();
reader.addEventListener('loadend', () => {
   // reader.result contains the contents of blob as a typed array
});
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);

Another way to read content from a Blob is to use a Response. The following code reads the content of a Blob as text:

const text = await (new Response(blob)).text();

Or by using Blob.prototype.text():

const text = await blob.text();

By using other methods of FileReader, it is possible to read the contents of a Blob as a string or a data URL.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

• BlobBuilder
• FileReader
• File
• URL.createObjectURL
• Using files from web applications