@acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api 中文文档教程

Question

Table of Contents

• Inline Edit Provider
• Inline Edit Service
• API Documentation

General Concepts

内联编辑 API 定义了应用程序如何将 DOM 元素注册为可内联编辑，以及 API 实现者如何注册内联编辑功能可以连接到系统中。 消费者面向接口WchInlineEditServiceV2的目的是为了方便使用服务，提供者面向接口WchInlineEditProviderV2的目的是实现服务。 两者之间的粘合层是 SDK 的通用实现。

请参阅框架特定模块以了解如何访问服务。

Provider

编辑提供程序是一段实现内联编辑功能的 javascript 代码。 它由 SPA 动态加载（通常通过 SDK）。 提供者需要符合以下模式：

Initialization

编辑模块实现了WchInlineEditProviderV2接口，即它公开了一个register函数。 将为每个可编辑的 HTML 元素调用此函数，并允许编辑提供程序将所需的编辑挂钩附加到元素。 该方法提供：

• a reference to the actual HTML element
• an accessor expression that identifies the element on a content item to be edited. This expression is relative to the current rendering context
• a reactive stream of rendering contexts. Note that the rendering contexts can change during the lifetime of this registration. Also there is no guarantee that the element pointed to by the accessor actually exists on the context. If a provider subscribes to the sequence of rendering contexts, it needs to make sure to NOT throw an exception in the subscribe block under any circumstances

Result

注册的结果是一个事件提供者。 此提供程序的目的是将 HTML 元素上的内联编辑操作传达给主机，即主机在该事件提供程序上注册事件，编辑提供程序负责触发这些事件（如果支持该事件）。

事件提供者可以选择实现 Disposable 接口。 如果实现，主机将在注册后调用其 dispose 方法，在 HTML 元素从 DOM 中删除之前（因此它是注册调用的逆操作）。

Notifications

WchInlineEditProviderV2 的实现者也可以选择性地实现EventTargetLike 接口，即成为一个事件发射器。 这允许提供者向 SDK 传达信息，例如关于启用或禁用内联编辑模式的信息。

当前支持的通知有：

• wchInlineEditStart to notify about entering inline edit mode
• wchInlineEditEnd to notify about leaving inline edit mode

WchInlineEditService

WchInlineEditServiceV2 接口允许客户端与内联编辑实现交互。 此接口的实现确保加载内联编辑提供程序并履行与提供程序的接口合同。

该接口的使用者为每个应该被编辑的 HTML 元素调用 registerComponent 消息。 此调用的结果是一个 Observable。 内联编辑注册在有人订阅此可观察对象后立即开始，并在订阅结束后立即结束。 消费者有责任确保 HTML 元素在订阅期间存在。

@acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api

edit-api package

编辑 API 为内联编辑功能的消费者和提供者定义了接口。

Interfaces

Interface	Description
DataTransferContentItem	Data transfer format for content items
Disposable	Implemented by objects that expose a life cycle. Calling the dispose method signals the end of this life cycle.
InlineEditSelectionProvider	Service that exposes inline edit info
WchConfig	Exposes server side configuration for the current tenant
WchEditableEvent	Event issued by the edit provider.
WchInlineEditEvent	Event issued by the edit library
WchInlineEditProvider
WchInlineEditProviderV2	Interface exposed by an inline edit provider implementationImplementors may also implement EventTargetLike to send item independent events
WchInlineEditRequireMap	Helper interface that defines the mappings from module name to actual type
WchInlineEditRequireMapV2	Helper interface that defines the mappings from module name to actual type. This is a simple dependency injection mechanism from the inline edit host to the inline edit provider.
WchInlineEditService	Implementation of the edit service used by the wchEditable directive.
WchInlineEditServiceV2	Implementation of the edit service used by the wchEditable directive.

Variables

Variable	Description
ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE	Token used to require the active page service PromiseLike
ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE	Token used to require the [[WchConfig]] service PromiseLike
ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE	Token used to access the http service PromiseLike
ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE	Token used to require the [[WchInfo]] service PromiseLike
ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE	Token used to require the [[LoggerService]] PromiseLike
ATTR_DATA_SELECTABLE
EVENT_EDIT_END
EVENT_EDIT_START
EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_END
EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_SET_SELECTED_CELL
EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_START
INLINE_EDIT_PROVIDER_ID	Identifier used to identify an WchInlineEditProviderV2 instance on a context, e.g. the window
TRANSFER_FORMAT	Transfer format for our custom dnd components
VERSION	Version and build number of the package
WCH_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE
WCH_CONFIG_MODULE
WCH_HTTP_MODULE
WCH_INFO_MODULE
WCH_LOGGER_MODULE

Type Aliases

Type Alias	Description
AccessorType	The accessor string, a property path relative to the root of a content item that points to the element value to be edited. A value of null denotes the root level element.
EventTargetLike
WchInlineEditRegistration
WchInlineEditRegistrationResult	Result of an inline edit registration. This is at least an event emitter but may optionally also expose the Disposable interface to allow deregistration
WchInlineEditRegistrationV2	Type definition of the register method that allows to register DOM elements with an inline edit provider.
WchInlineEditRequire	Interface of the require function, strongly typed
WchInlineEditRequireV2	Interface of the require function, strongly typed

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > DataTransferContentItem

DataTransferContentItem interface

Data transfer format for content items

Signature:

export interface DataTransferContentItem 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
accessor	AccessorType	The accessor string
id	string	ID of the content item

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > 一次性

Disposable interface

由公开生命周期的对象实现。 调用 dispose 方法标志着此生命周期的结束。

Signature:

export interface Disposable 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
dispose	() => void

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > InlineEditSelectionProvider

InlineEditSelectionProvider interface

Service that exposes inline edit info

Signature:

export interface InlineEditSelectionProvider 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
selectedCell$	Observable<string | undefined>	Captures the currently selected cell. The return value is either just an ID or ID#accessor. If a cell is deselected, the service returns i

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig Exposes

WchConfig interface

server side configuration for the current tenant

Signature:

export interface WchConfig 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
apiUrl	URL	API URL for the non-preview host
authoringUIBaseUrl	URL	URL of the authoring host
deliveryUrl	URL	delivery URL for the non-preview host
previewApiUrl	URL	API URL for the preview host
previewDeliveryUrl	URL	delivery URL for the preview host

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchEditableEvent

WchEditableEvent interface

编辑提供者发出的事件。

Signature:

export interface WchEditableEvent 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
data	any
target	HTMLElement
type	string

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditEvent

WchInlineEditEvent interface

Event issued by the edit library

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditEvent 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
data	any
type	string

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditProvider

WchInlineEditProvider interface

警告：此 API 现在已过时。

use WchInlineEditProviderV2 instead

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditProvider 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
register	WchInlineEditRegistration

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditProviderV2

WchInlineEditProviderV2 interface

由内联编辑提供程序实现公开的接口

实现者还可以实现EventTargetLike 以发送项目独立事件

签名：

export interface WchInlineEditProviderV2 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
register	WchInlineEditRegistrationV2	The register method that allows to register DOM elements with the provider

首页 @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap

WchInlineEditRequireMap interface

Helper interface that defines the mappings from module name to actual type

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditRequireMap 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
"wch-active-page"	PromiseLike<ActivePage>
"wch-config"	PromiseLike<WchConfig>
"wch-http"	PromiseLike<WchHttp>
"wch-info"	PromiseLike<UrlConfig>
"wch-logger"	PromiseLike<LoggerService>

主页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMapV2

WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 interface

定义从模块名称到实际类型的映射的帮助程序接口。 这是从内联编辑主机到内联编辑提供者的简单依赖注入机制。

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 

Properties

Property	Type	Description
"wch-active-page"	PromiseLike<ActivePageV2>
"wch-config"	PromiseLike<WchConfig>
"wch-info"	PromiseLike<UrlConfig>
"wch-logger"	PromiseLike<LoggerService>

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditService

WchInlineEditService interface

wchEditable 指令使用的编辑服务的实现。

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditService 

Methods

Method	Description
fromEvent(aName)	Attaches to an event issued by the edit library
registerComponent(nativeElement, accessor, onRenderingContext)	Registers a particular DOM element as editable

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditServiceV2

WchInlineEditServiceV2 interface

wchEditable 指令使用的编辑服务的实现。

Signature:

export interface WchInlineEditServiceV2 

Methods

Method	Description
fromEvent(aName)	Attaches to an event issued by the edit library
registerComponent(nativeElement, accessor, renderingContext$)	Registers a particular DOM element as editable

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE

ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE variable

Token used to require the active page service

PromiseLike

Signature:

ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE = "wch-active-page"

主页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE

ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE variable

Token used to require the [[WchConfig]] service

PromiseLike

Signature:

ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE = "wch-config"

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE

ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE variable

Token used to access the http service

PromiseLike

Signature:

ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE = "wch-http"

主页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE

ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE variable

Token used to require the [[WchInfo]] service

PromiseLike

Signature:

ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE = "wch-info"

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE

ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE variable

Token used to require the [[LoggerService]]

PromiseLike

Signature:

ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE = "wch-logger"

< /a>

主页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > ATTR_DATA_SELECTABLE

ATTR_DATA_SELECTABLE variable

Signature:

ATTR_DATA_SELECTABLE = "data-wch-selectable"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EVENT_EDIT_END

EVENT_EDIT_END variable

Signature:

EVENT_EDIT_END = "EVENT_EDIT_END"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EVENT_EDIT_START

EVENT_EDIT_START variable

Signature:

EVENT_EDIT_START = "EVENT_EDIT_START"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_END

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_END variable

Signature:

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_END = "EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_END"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_SET_SELECTED_CELL

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_SET_SELECTED_CELL variable

Signature:

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_SET_SELECTED_CELL = "EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_SET_SELECTED_CELL"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_START

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_START variable

Signature:

EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_START = "EVENT_INLINE_EDIT_START"

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > INLINE_EDIT_PROVIDER_ID

INLINE_EDIT_PROVIDER_ID variable

Identifier used to identify an WchInlineEditProviderV2 instance on a context, eg the window

Signature:

INLINE_EDIT_PROVIDER_ID = "@acoustic-content-sdk/inline-edit-provider"

首页 @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > TRANSFER_FORMAT

TRANSFER_FORMAT variable

Transfer format for our custom dnd components

Signature:

TRANSFER_FORMAT = "application/x-dnd-fragment"

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > VERSION

VERSION variable

Version and build number of the package

Signature:

VERSION: {
    version: {
        major: string;
        minor: string;
        patch: string;
        branch: string;
    };
    build: Date;
}

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WCH_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE

WCH_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE variable

警告：此 API 现在已过时。

use ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE instead

Signature:

WCH_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE = "wch-active-page"

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WCH_CONFIG_MODULE

WCH_CONFIG_MODULE variable

警告：此 API 现在已过时。

use ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE instead

Signature:

WCH_CONFIG_MODULE = "wch-config"

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WCH_HTTP_MODULE

WCH_HTTP_MODULE variable

警告：此 API 现在已过时。

use ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE instead

Signature:

WCH_HTTP_MODULE = "wch-http"

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WCH_INFO_MODULE

WCH_INFO_MODULE variable

警告：此 API 现已过时。

use ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE instead

Signature:

WCH_INFO_MODULE = "wch-info"

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WCH_LOGGER_MODULE

WCH_LOGGER_MODULE variable

警告：此 API 现已过时。

use ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE instead

Signature:

WCH_LOGGER_MODULE = "wch-logger"

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > AccessorType

AccessorType type

访问器字符串，相对于指向要编辑的元素值的内容项的根的属性路径。 null 值表示根级别元素。

Signature:

export declare type AccessorType = string | null;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > EventTargetLike

EventTargetLike type

Signature:

export declare type EventTargetLike = Parameters<typeof fromEvent>[0];

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRegistration

WchInlineEditRegistration type

警告：此 API 现在已过时。

use WchInlineEditRegistrationV2 instead

Signature:

export declare type WchInlineEditRegistration = (nativeElement: any, accessor: AccessorType, onRenderingContext: Observable<RenderingContext>) => WchInlineEditRegistrationResult;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRegistrationResult

WchInlineEditRegistrationResult type

内联编辑注册的结果。 这至少是一个事件发射器，但也可以选择公开 Disposable 接口以允许注销

Signature:

export declare type WchInlineEditRegistrationResult = EventTargetLike | (EventTargetLike & Disposable);

主页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRegistrationV2

WchInlineEditRegistrationV2 type

允许使用内联编辑提供程序注册 DOM 元素的注册方法的类型定义。

Signature:

export declare type WchInlineEditRegistrationV2 = (nativeElement: any, accessor: AccessorType, renderingContext$: Observable<RenderingContextV2>) => WchInlineEditRegistrationResult;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequire

WchInlineEditRequire type

Interface of the require function, strongly typed

Signature:

export declare type WchInlineEditRequire = (<T extends keyof WchInlineEditRequireMap>(aModule: T) => WchInlineEditRequireMap[T]) & ((aModule: string) => PromiseLike<string>);

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireV2

WchInlineEditRequireV2 type

Interface of the require function, strongly typed

Signature:

export declare type WchInlineEditRequireV2 = (<T extends keyof WchInlineEditRequireMapV2>(aModule: T) => WchInlineEditRequireMapV2[T]) & ((aModule: string) => PromiseLike<string>);

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > DataTransferContentItem > accessor

DataTransferContentItem.accessor property

The accessor string

Signature:

[KEY_ACCESSOR]: AccessorType;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > DataTransferContentItem > id

DataTransferContentItem.id property

ID of the content item

Signature:

[KEY_ID]: string;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > 一次性 > dispose

Disposable.dispose property

Signature:

dispose: () => void;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > InlineEditSelectionProvider > selectedCell$

InlineEditSelectionProvider.selectedCell$ property

捕获当前选定的单元格。 返回值只是一个 ID 或 ID#accessor。 If a cell is deselected, the service returns i

Signature:

selectedCell$: Observable<string | undefined>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchEditableEvent > data

WchEditableEvent.data property

Signature:

data: any;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchEditableEvent > target

WchEditableEvent.target property

Signature:

target: HTMLElement;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchEditableEvent > type

WchEditableEvent.type property

Signature:

type: string;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig > apiUrl

WchConfig.apiUrl property

API URL for the non-preview host

Signature:

readonly apiUrl: URL;

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig > authoringUIBaseUrl

WchConfig.authoringUIBaseUrl property

URL of the authoring host

Signature:

readonly authoringUIBaseUrl: URL;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig > deliveryUrl

WchConfig.deliveryUrl property

delivery URL for the non-preview host

Signature:

readonly deliveryUrl: URL;

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig > previewApiUrl

WchConfig.previewApiUrl property

API URL for the preview host

Signature:

readonly previewApiUrl: URL;

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchConfig > previewDeliveryUrl

WchConfig.previewDeliveryUrl property

delivery URL for the preview host

Signature:

readonly previewDeliveryUrl: URL;

首页 > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditEvent > data

WchInlineEditEvent.data property

Signature:

data: any;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditEvent > type

WchInlineEditEvent.type property

Signature:

type: string;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditProvider > register

WchInlineEditProvider.register property

Signature:

register: WchInlineEditRegistration;

Home > ; @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditProviderV2 > register

WchInlineEditProviderV2.register property

The register method that allows to register DOM elements with the provider

Signature:

register: WchInlineEditRegistrationV2;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 > "wch-active-page"

WchInlineEditRequireMapV2."wch-active-page" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE]: PromiseLike<ActivePageV2>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 > "wch-config"

WchInlineEditRequireMapV2."wch-config" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE]: PromiseLike<WchConfig>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 > "wch-info"

WchInlineEditRequireMapV2."wch-info" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE]: PromiseLike<UrlConfig>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMapV2 > "wch-logger"

WchInlineEditRequireMapV2."wch-logger" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE]: PromiseLike<LoggerService>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditServiceV2 > fromEvent

WchInlineEditServiceV2.fromEvent() method

Attaches to an event issued by the edit library

Signature:

fromEvent<T>(aName: string): Observable<T>;

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description
aName	string	name of the event

Returns:

Observable

a stream of events

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditServiceV2 > registerComponent

WchInlineEditServiceV2.registerComponent() method

Registers a particular DOM element as editable

Signature:

registerComponent(nativeElement: any, accessor: AccessorType, renderingContext$: Observable<RenderingContextV2>): Observable<EventTargetLike>;

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description
nativeElement	any	the DOM element to be edited
accessor	AccessorType	string identifying the member in the content item record to be edited. The value of 'null' means the the content item itself will be edited.
renderingContext$	Observable<RenderingContextV2>	the rendering context associated with the edit operation. The same DOM element might represent multiple contexts over time

Returns:

Observable

the observable representing the registration result. The observable exposes an event producer that a client can attach to to receive edit events. The registration will only take place when subscribing to the observable and it will end when unsubscribing.

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap > "wch-active-page"

WchInlineEditRequireMap."wch-active-page" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_ACTIVE_PAGE_MODULE]: PromiseLike<ActivePage>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap > "wch-config"

WchInlineEditRequireMap."wch-config" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_CONFIG_MODULE]: PromiseLike<WchConfig>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap > "wch-http"

WchInlineEditRequireMap."wch-http" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_HTTP_MODULE]: PromiseLike<WchHttp>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap > "wch-info"

WchInlineEditRequireMap."wch-info" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_INFO_MODULE]: PromiseLike<UrlConfig>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditRequireMap > "wch-logger"

WchInlineEditRequireMap."wch-logger" property

Signature:

[ACOUSTIC_LOGGER_MODULE]: PromiseLike<LoggerService>;

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditService > fromEvent

WchInlineEditService.fromEvent() method

Attaches to an event issued by the edit library

Signature:

fromEvent<T>(aName: string): Observable<T>;

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description
aName	string	name of the event

Returns:

Observable

a stream of events

Home > @acoustic-content-sdk/edit-api > WchInlineEditService > registerComponent

WchInlineEditService.registerComponent() method

Registers a particular DOM element as editable

Signature:

registerComponent(nativeElement: any, accessor: AccessorType, onRenderingContext: Observable<RenderingContext>): Observable<EventTargetLike>;

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description
nativeElement	any	the DOM element to be edited
accessor	AccessorType	string identifying the member in the content item record to be edited. The value of 'null' means the the content item itself will be edited.
onRenderingContext	Observable<RenderingContext>	the rendering context associated with the edit operation. The same DOM element might represent multiple contexts over time

Returns:

Observable

the observable representing the registration result. The observable exposes an event producer that a client can attach to to receive edit events. The registration will only take place when subscribing to the observable and it will end when unsubscribing.