@0x-lerna-fork/publish 中文文档教程
@0x-lerna-fork/publish
在当前项目中发布包
安装 lerna 以访问 lerna
CLI。
Usage
lerna publish # publish packages that have changed since the last release
lerna publish from-git # explicitly publish packages tagged in the current commit
lerna publish from-package # explicitly publish packages where the latest version is not present in the registry
运行时,此命令会执行以下操作之一:
- Publish packages updated since the last release (calling
lerna version
behind the scenes). - This is the legacy behavior of lerna 2.x
- Publish packages tagged in the current commit (
from-git
). - Publish packages in the latest commit where the version is not present in the registry (
from-package
). - Publish an unversioned "canary" release of packages (and their dependents) updated in the previous commit.
Lerna 永远不会发布标记为私有的包(
package.json
中的"private": true
)。
查看Per-Package Configuration,了解有关发布作用域包、自定义注册表和自定义 dist-tags 的更多详细信息。
Positionals
bump from-git
除了 lerna version
支持的 semver 关键字外, lerna publish
还支持 from-git
关键字。 这将识别由 lerna version
标记的包并将它们发布到 npm。 这在您希望手动增加版本的 CI 场景中很有用, 但是让包内容本身通过自动化过程一致地发布。
bump from-package
类似于 from-git
关键字,除了要发布的包列表是通过检查每个 package.json
来确定的 并确定注册表中是否不存在任何包版本。 注册表中不存在的任何版本都将 发表。 当以前的 lerna publish
未能将所有包发布到注册表时,这很有用。
Options
lerna publish
支持 lerna version< 提供的所有选项/code>
除了以下内容:
--canary
--contents <dir>
--dist-tag <tag>
--git-head <sha>
--graph-type <all|dependencies>
--no-git-reset
--no-verify-access
--otp
--preid
--pre-dist-tag <tag>
--registry <url>
--temp-tag
--ignore-scripts
--ignore-prepublish
--yes
--tag-version-prefix
--canary
lerna publish --canary
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-alpha.0+${SHA} of packages changed since the previous commit
# a subsequent canary publish will yield 1.0.1-alpha.1+${SHA}, etc
lerna publish --canary --preid beta
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-beta.0+${SHA}
# The following are equivalent:
lerna publish --canary minor
lerna publish --canary preminor
# 1.0.0 => 1.1.0-alpha.0+${SHA}
当使用此标志运行时,lerna publish
以更精细的方式(每次提交)发布包。 在发布到 npm 之前,它通过获取当前 version
创建新的 version
标签,将其升级到下一个 minor 版本,添加提供的元后缀(默认为 alpha
)并附加当前的 git sha(例如:1.0.0
变为 1.1.0-alpha.0+81e3b443
) .
如果您在 CI 中从多个活跃的开发分支发布了金丝雀版本, 建议自定义 --preid
和 --dist-tag
在每个分支的基础上避免版本冲突。
此标志的预期用例是按提交级别发布或每晚发布。
--contents <dir>
要发布的子目录。 必须应用于所有包,并且必须包含一个 package.json 文件。 包生命周期仍将在原始叶目录中运行。 您可能应该使用其中一种生命周期(prepare
、prepublishOnly
或 prepack
)来创建子目录等等.
如果您从事不必要的复杂出版,这会给您带来快乐。
lerna publish --contents dist
# publish the "dist" subfolder of every Lerna-managed leaf package
注意:您应该等到postpublish
生命周期阶段(根或叶)来清理这个生成的子目录, 因为生成的 package.json 在包上传期间使用(之后 postpack
)。
--dist-tag <tag>
lerna publish --dist-tag next
使用此标志运行时,lerna publish
将使用给定的 npm dist-tag 发布到 npm a>(默认为 latest
)。
此选项可用于发布 prerelease
或 beta
版本非最新
dist-tag,帮助消费者避免自动升级到预发布质量代码。
注意:
latest
标签是用户运行npm install my-package
时使用的标签。 要安装不同的标签,用户可以运行npm install my-package@prerelease
。
--git-head <sha>
显式 SHA 在打包 tarball 时在清单上设置为 gitHead
,仅允许 from-package
位置。
例如,从 AWS CodeBuild 发布时(git
不可用), 您可以使用此选项传递适当的环境变量 用于此包元数据:
lerna publish from-package --git-head ${CODEBUILD_RESOLVED_SOURCE_VERSION}
在所有其他情况下,此值源自本地 git
命令。
--graph-type <all|dependencies>
设置构建包图时要使用的依赖类型。 默认值为 dependencies
,因此仅包含包的 package.json
的 dependencies
部分中列出的包。 在构造包图和确定拓扑顺序时,传递 all
以包含 dependencies
和 devDependencies
。
当使用传统的 peer + dev 依赖对时,这个选项应该配置为 all
这样 peer 总是在它们的依赖之前发布。
lerna publish --graph-type all
通过 lerna.json
配置:
{
"command": {
"publish": {
"graphType": "all"
}
}
}
--no-git-reset
默认情况下,lerna publish
确保对工作树的任何更改都已重置。
为避免这种情况,请传递 --no-git-reset
。 当与 --canary
标志一起用作 CI 管道的一部分时,这可能特别有用。 例如,已被修改的 package.json
版本号可能需要在后续的 CI 管道步骤(例如 Docker 构建)中使用。
lerna publish --no-git-reset
--no-verify-access
默认情况下,lerna
将验证登录的 npm 用户对即将发布的包的访问权限。 传递此标志将禁用该检查。
如果您使用的是不支持 npm access ls-packages
的第三方注册表,您将需要传递此标志(或将 command.publish.verifyAccess
设置为 < lerna.json 中的代码>false)。
请谨慎
--otp
使用 发布需要双因素身份验证的包时,您可以指定一次性密码使用 --otp
:
lerna publish --otp 123456
请记住,一次性密码会在其生成后 30 秒内过期。 如果它在发布操作期间过期,提示将在继续之前请求刷新值。
--preid
与同名的lerna version
选项不同,该选项只适用于--canary
版本计算。
lerna publish --canary
# uses the next semantic prerelease version, e.g.
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-alpha.0
lerna publish --canary --preid next
# uses the next semantic prerelease version with a specific prerelease identifier, e.g.
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-next.0
使用此标志运行时,lerna publish --canary
将递增 premajor
、preminor
、prepatch
或 prerelease
语义版本 使用指定的 prerelease identifier 进行碰撞。
--pre-dist-tag <tag>
lerna publish --pre-dist-tag next
与 --dist-tag
的工作方式相同,除了仅适用于与预发布版本一起发布的包。
--registry <url>
使用此标志运行时,转发的 npm 命令将为您的包使用指定的注册表。
如果您不想显式设置注册表,这很有用 例如使用时,在所有 package.json 文件中单独配置 私人登记处。
--temp-tag
通过后,此标志将通过首次发布来更改默认发布过程 所有将包更改为临时 dist-tag (lerna-temp
) 然后移动 由 --dist-tag
配置的 dist-tag 的新版本(默认 latest< /代码>)。
这通常不是必需的,因为 Lerna 会在拓扑中发布包 默认顺序(依赖项之前的所有依赖项)。
--ignore-scripts
传递后,此标志将在 lerna publish
期间禁用运行生命周期脚本。
--ignore-prepublish
传递后,此标志将禁用正在执行的 prepublish
脚本。
--yes
lerna publish --canary --yes
# skips `Are you sure you want to publish the above changes?`
使用此标志运行时,lerna publish
将跳过所有确认提示。 在持续集成 (CI) 中很有用,可以自动回答发布确认提示。
---tag-version-prefix
此选项允许提供自定义前缀而不是默认前缀:v
。
请记住,目前您必须提供两次:对于 version
命令和对于 publish
命令:
# locally
lerna version --tag-version-prefix=''
# on ci
lerna publish from-git --tag-version-prefix=''
Deprecated Options
--skip-npm
调用 lerna version
直接,而不是。
Per-Package Configuration
叶包可以使用特殊的 publishConfig
配置,某些 环境改变了 lerna publish
的行为。
publishConfig.access
要发布具有作用域的包(例如,@mycompany/rocks
),您必须设置 访问
:
"publishConfig": {
"access": "public"
}
如果为没有范围的包设置此字段,它将失败。
如果您希望您的作用域包保持私有(即,
“restricted”
),则无需设置此值。请注意,这与在叶包中设置
"private": true
不相同; 如果设置了private
字段,则在任何情况下都永远不会 发布该包。
publishConfig.registry
您可以通过设置 registry
在每个包的基础上自定义注册表:
"publishConfig": {
"registry": "http://my-awesome-registry.com/"
}
- Passing
--registry
applies globally, and in some cases isn't what you want.
publishConfig.tag
您可以通过设置 tag
在每个包的基础上自定义 dist-tag:
"publishConfig": {
"tag": "flippin-sweet"
}
- Passing
--dist-tag
will overwrite this value. - This value is always ignored when
--canary
is passed.
publishConfig.directory
这个 < em>non-standard 字段允许您自定义发布的子目录,就像 --contents
一样,但是在每个包的基础。 --contents
的所有其他注意事项仍然适用。
"publishConfig": {
"directory": "dist"
}
LifeCycle Events
Lerna 将在 lerna publish
期间按以下顺序运行 npm lifecycle scripts:
Pre Publish
在根包 中:
prepublish
prepare
prepublishOnly
prepack
在每个子包中:
prepublish
prepare< /code>
prepublishOnly
预打包
Packing each subpackage
- In each subpackage:
postpack
After all subpackages packed
- In root package:
postpack
Publishing each subpackage
- In each subpackage:
publish
postpublish
After all subpackages published
- In root package:
publish
postpublish
@0x-lerna-fork/publish
Publish packages in the current project
Install lerna for access to the lerna
CLI.
Usage
lerna publish # publish packages that have changed since the last release
lerna publish from-git # explicitly publish packages tagged in the current commit
lerna publish from-package # explicitly publish packages where the latest version is not present in the registry
When run, this command does one of the following things:
- Publish packages updated since the last release (calling
lerna version
behind the scenes). - This is the legacy behavior of lerna 2.x
- Publish packages tagged in the current commit (
from-git
). - Publish packages in the latest commit where the version is not present in the registry (
from-package
). - Publish an unversioned "canary" release of packages (and their dependents) updated in the previous commit.
Lerna will never publish packages which are marked as private (
"private": true
in thepackage.json
).
Check out Per-Package Configuration for more details about publishing scoped packages, custom registries, and custom dist-tags.
Positionals
bump from-git
In addition to the semver keywords supported by lerna version
, lerna publish
also supports the from-git
keyword. This will identify packages tagged by lerna version
and publish them to npm. This is useful in CI scenarios where you wish to manually increment versions, but have the package contents themselves consistently published by an automated process.
bump from-package
Similar to the from-git
keyword except the list of packages to publish is determined by inspecting each package.json
and determining if any package version is not present in the registry. Any versions not present in the registry will be published. This is useful when a previous lerna publish
failed to publish all packages to the registry.
Options
lerna publish
supports all of the options provided by lerna version
in addition to the following:
--canary
--contents <dir>
--dist-tag <tag>
--git-head <sha>
--graph-type <all|dependencies>
--no-git-reset
--no-verify-access
--otp
--preid
--pre-dist-tag <tag>
--registry <url>
--temp-tag
--ignore-scripts
--ignore-prepublish
--yes
--tag-version-prefix
--canary
lerna publish --canary
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-alpha.0+${SHA} of packages changed since the previous commit
# a subsequent canary publish will yield 1.0.1-alpha.1+${SHA}, etc
lerna publish --canary --preid beta
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-beta.0+${SHA}
# The following are equivalent:
lerna publish --canary minor
lerna publish --canary preminor
# 1.0.0 => 1.1.0-alpha.0+${SHA}
When run with this flag, lerna publish
publishes packages in a more granular way (per commit). Before publishing to npm, it creates the new version
tag by taking the current version
, bumping it to the next minor version, adding the provided meta suffix (defaults to alpha
) and appending the current git sha (ex: 1.0.0
becomes 1.1.0-alpha.0+81e3b443
).
If you have publish canary releases from multiple active development branches in CI, it is recommended to customize the --preid
and --dist-tag <tag>
on a per-branch basis to avoid clashing versions.
The intended use case for this flag is a per commit level release or nightly release.
--contents <dir>
Subdirectory to publish. Must apply to ALL packages, and MUST contain a package.json file. Package lifecycles will still be run in the original leaf directory. You should probably use one of those lifecycles (prepare
, prepublishOnly
, or prepack
) to create the subdirectory and whatnot.
If you're into unnecessarily complicated publishing, this will give you joy.
lerna publish --contents dist
# publish the "dist" subfolder of every Lerna-managed leaf package
NOTE: You should wait until the postpublish
lifecycle phase (root or leaf) to clean up this generated subdirectory, as the generated package.json is used during package upload (after postpack
).
--dist-tag <tag>
lerna publish --dist-tag next
When run with this flag, lerna publish
will publish to npm with the given npm dist-tag (defaults to latest
).
This option can be used to publish a prerelease
or beta
version under a non-latest
dist-tag, helping consumers avoid automatically upgrading to prerelease-quality code.
Note: the
latest
tag is the one that is used when a user runsnpm install my-package
. To install a different tag, a user can runnpm install my-package@prerelease
.
--git-head <sha>
Explicit SHA to set as gitHead
on manifests when packing tarballs, only allowed with from-package
positional.
For example, when publishing from AWS CodeBuild (where git
is not available), you could use this option to pass the appropriate environment variable to use for this package metadata:
lerna publish from-package --git-head ${CODEBUILD_RESOLVED_SOURCE_VERSION}
Under all other circumstances, this value is derived from a local git
command.
--graph-type <all|dependencies>
Set which kind of dependencies to use when building a package graph. The default value is dependencies
, whereby only packages listed in the dependencies
section of a package's package.json
are included. Pass all
to include both dependencies
and devDependencies
when constructing the package graph and determining topological order.
When using traditional peer + dev dependency pairs, this option should be configured to all
so the peers are always published before their dependents.
lerna publish --graph-type all
Configured via lerna.json
:
{
"command": {
"publish": {
"graphType": "all"
}
}
}
--no-git-reset
By default, lerna publish
ensures any changes to the working tree have been reset.
To avoid this, pass --no-git-reset
. This can be especially useful when used as part of a CI pipeline in conjunction with the --canary
flag. For instance, the package.json
version numbers which have been bumped may need to be used in subsequent CI pipeline steps (such as Docker builds).
lerna publish --no-git-reset
--no-verify-access
By default, lerna
will verify the logged-in npm user's access to the packages about to be published. Passing this flag will disable that check.
If you are using a third-party registry that does not support npm access ls-packages
, you will need to pass this flag (or set command.publish.verifyAccess
to false
in lerna.json).
Please use with caution
--otp
When publishing packages that require two-factor authentication, you can specify a one-time password using --otp
:
lerna publish --otp 123456
Please keep in mind that one-time passwords expire within 30 seconds of their generation. If it expires during publish operations, a prompt will request a refreshed value before continuing.
--preid
Unlike the lerna version
option of the same name, this option only applies to --canary
version calculation.
lerna publish --canary
# uses the next semantic prerelease version, e.g.
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-alpha.0
lerna publish --canary --preid next
# uses the next semantic prerelease version with a specific prerelease identifier, e.g.
# 1.0.0 => 1.0.1-next.0
When run with this flag, lerna publish --canary
will increment premajor
, preminor
, prepatch
, or prerelease
semver bumps using the specified prerelease identifier.
--pre-dist-tag <tag>
lerna publish --pre-dist-tag next
Works the same as --dist-tag
, except only applies to packages being released with a prerelease version.
--registry <url>
When run with this flag, forwarded npm commands will use the specified registry for your package(s).
This is useful if you do not want to explicitly set up your registry configuration in all of your package.json files individually when e.g. using private registries.
--temp-tag
When passed, this flag will alter the default publish process by first publishing all changed packages to a temporary dist-tag (lerna-temp
) and then moving the new version(s) to the dist-tag configured by --dist-tag
(default latest
).
This is not generally necessary, as Lerna will publish packages in topological order (all dependencies before dependents) by default.
--ignore-scripts
When passed, this flag will disable running lifecycle scripts during lerna publish
.
--ignore-prepublish
When passed, this flag will disable prepublish
script being executed.
--yes
lerna publish --canary --yes
# skips `Are you sure you want to publish the above changes?`
When run with this flag, lerna publish
will skip all confirmation prompts. Useful in Continuous integration (CI) to automatically answer the publish confirmation prompt.
---tag-version-prefix
This option allows to provide custom prefix instead of the default one: v
.
Keep in mind that currently you have to supply it twice: for version
command and for publish
command:
# locally
lerna version --tag-version-prefix=''
# on ci
lerna publish from-git --tag-version-prefix=''
Deprecated Options
--skip-npm
Call lerna version
directly, instead.
Per-Package Configuration
A leaf package can be configured with special publishConfig
that in certain circumstances changes the behavior of lerna publish
.
publishConfig.access
To publish packages with a scope (e.g., @mycompany/rocks
), you must set access
:
"publishConfig": {
"access": "public"
}
If this field is set for a package without a scope, it will fail.
If you want your scoped package to remain private (i.e.,
"restricted"
), there is no need to set this value.Note that this is not the same as setting
"private": true
in a leaf package; if theprivate
field is set, that package will never be published under any circumstances.
publishConfig.registry
You can customize the registry on a per-package basis by setting registry
:
"publishConfig": {
"registry": "http://my-awesome-registry.com/"
}
- Passing
--registry
applies globally, and in some cases isn't what you want.
publishConfig.tag
You can customize the dist-tag on a per-package basis by setting tag
:
"publishConfig": {
"tag": "flippin-sweet"
}
- Passing
--dist-tag
will overwrite this value. - This value is always ignored when
--canary
is passed.
publishConfig.directory
This non-standard field allows you to customize the published subdirectory just like --contents
, but on a per-package basis. All other caveats of --contents
still apply.
"publishConfig": {
"directory": "dist"
}
LifeCycle Events
Lerna will run npm lifecycle scripts during lerna publish
in the following order:
Pre Publish
In root package:
prepublish
prepare
prepublishOnly
prepack
In each subpackage:
prepublish
prepare
prepublishOnly
prepack
Packing each subpackage
- In each subpackage:
postpack
After all subpackages packed
- In root package:
postpack
Publishing each subpackage
- In each subpackage:
publish
postpublish
After all subpackages published
- In root package:
publish
postpublish
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