STM32F407ZE从RAM执行代码上抛出了硬故障

Question

我正在尝试从RAM执行一个简单的代码，但是由于某种原因，程序停止/抛出了硬故障。我正在使用CCMRAM进行数据，SRAM1执行代码时的数据，堆和堆栈。这是我的链接脚本和启动文件。

Linkerscript.ld

/*
******************************************************************************
**
**  File        : LinkerScript.ld
**
**  Author      : Auto-generated by Ac6 System Workbench
**
**  Abstract    : Linker script for STM32F407ZETx Device from STM32F4 series
**                112Kbytes SRAM1
**                16Kbytes  SRAM2
**                64Kbytes  CCMRAM
**                512Kbytes ROM
**
**                Set heap size, stack size and stack location according
**                to application requirements.
**
**                Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
**
**  Target      : STMicroelectronics STM32
**
**  Distribution: The file is distributed �as is,� without any warranty
**                of any kind.
**
*****************************************************************************
** @attention
**
** <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT(c) 2019 Ac6</center></h2>
**
** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
** are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
**   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
**      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
**   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
**      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
**      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
**   3. Neither the name of Ac6 nor the names of its contributors
**      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
**      without specific prior written permission.
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
** AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
** IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
** DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
** FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
** DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
** SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
** CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
** OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
**
*****************************************************************************
*/

/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)

/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
/*_estack = 0x2001C000;    /* start of SRAM2 */
_estack = 0x10010000;    /* end of CCMRAM */

_Min_Heap_Size = 0;      /* required amount of heap  */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of stack */

/* Memories definition */
MEMORY
{
  SRAM1   (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000,  LENGTH = 112K
  SRAM2   (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x2001C000,  LENGTH = 16K
  FLASH   (rx)  : ORIGIN = 0x08000000,  LENGTH = 512K
  CCMRAM  (rw)  : ORIGIN = 0x10000000,  LENGTH = 64K
}

/* Sections */
SECTIONS
{
  /* The startup code into ROM memory */
  .isr_vector :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  /*sram1 section for code and data*/
  _sisram1 = LOADADDR(.sram1);
  .sram1 :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _s_sram1 = .;
    *(.sram1);
    *(.sram1*);
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _e_sram1 = .;
  } > SRAM1 AT >FLASH
  
   /*sram2 section for code and data*/
  _sisram2 = LOADADDR(.sram2);
  .sram2 :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _s_sram2 = .;
    *(.sram2);
    *(.sram2*);
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _e_sram2 = .;
  } > SRAM2 AT >FLASH
  
  /* The program code and other data into FLASH memory */
  .text :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.text)           /* .text sections (code) */
    *(.text*)          /* .text* sections (code) */
    *(.glue_7)         /* glue arm to thumb code */
    *(.glue_7t)        /* glue thumb to arm code */
    *(.eh_frame)

    KEEP (*(.init))
    KEEP (*(.fini))

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _etext = .;        /* define a global symbols at end of code */
  } >FLASH

  /* Constant data into FLASH memory*/
  .rodata :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.rodata)         /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    *(.rodata*)        /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  .ARM.extab   : { 
    . = ALIGN(4);
    *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } > FLASH
  
  .ARM : {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    __exidx_start = .;
    *(.ARM.exidx*)
    __exidx_end = .;
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  .preinit_array     :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH
  
  .init_array :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.init_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH
  
  .fini_array :
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
    KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
    KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
    PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
    . = ALIGN(4);
  } >FLASH

  /* Used by the startup to initialize data */
  _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);

  /* Initialized data sections into RAM memory */
  .data : 
  {
    . = ALIGN(4);
    _sdata = .;        /* create a global symbol at data start */
    *(.data)           /* .data sections */
    *(.data*)          /* .data* sections */

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _edata = .;        /* define a global symbol at data end */
  } >CCMRAM AT> FLASH

  
  /* Uninitialized data section into RAM memory */
  . = ALIGN(4);
  .bss :
  {
    /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */
    _sbss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss start */
    __bss_start__ = _sbss;
    *(.bss)
    *(.bss*)
    *(COMMON)

    . = ALIGN(4);
    _ebss = .;         /* define a global symbol at bss end */
    __bss_end__ = _ebss;
  } >CCMRAM

  /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
  ._user_heap_stack :
  {
    . = ALIGN(8);
    PROVIDE ( end = . );
    PROVIDE ( _end = . );
    . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
    . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
    . = ALIGN(8);
  } >CCMRAM

  

  /* Remove information from the compiler libraries */
  /DISCARD/ :
  {
    libc.a ( * )
    libm.a ( * )
    libgcc.a ( * )
  }

  .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}

，这是我启动文件的一部分，

/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file      startup_stm32.s dedicated to STM32F407ZETx device
  * @author    Ac6
  * @version   V1.0.0
  * @date      2019-03-30
  ******************************************************************************
  */

.syntax unified
.cpu cortex-m4
.fpu softvfp
.thumb

.global g_pfnVectors
.global Default_Handler

/* start address for the initialization values of the .data section.
defined in linker script */
.word _sidata
/* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _sdata
/* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _edata
/* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _sbss
/* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _ebss

/**
 * @brief  This is the code that gets called when the processor first
 *          starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely
 *          necessary set is performed, after which the application
 *          supplied main() routine is called.
 * @param  None
 * @retval : None
*/

  .section .text.Reset_Handler
  .weak Reset_Handler
  .type Reset_Handler, %function
Reset_Handler:
  ldr   r0, =_estack
  mov   sp, r0          /* set stack pointer */

/* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */
  ldr r0, =_sdata
  ldr r1, =_edata
  ldr r2, =_sidata
  movs r3, #0
  b LoopCopyDataInit

CopyDataInit:
  ldr r4, [r2, r3]
  str r4, [r0, r3]
  adds r3, r3, #4

LoopCopyDataInit:
  adds r4, r0, r3
  cmp r4, r1
  bcc CopyDataInit

/* Zero fill the bss segment. */
  ldr r2, =_sbss
  ldr r4, =_ebss
  movs r3, #0
  b LoopFillZerobss

FillZerobss:
  str  r3, [r2]
  adds r2, r2, #4

LoopFillZerobss:
  cmp r2, r4
  bcc FillZerobss

///////////// Following blocks are for SRAM1 /////////////////////
// Copy from flash to SRAM1
  ldr r0, =_s_sram1
  ldr r1, =_e_sram1
  ldr r2, =_sisram1
  movs r3, #0
  b  LoopCopySRAM1Init

CopySRAM1Init:
    ldr r4, [r2, r3]
    str r4, [r0, r3]
    adds r3, r3, #4

LoopCopySRAM1Init:
    adds r4, r0, r3
    cmp r4, r1
    bcc CopySRAM1Init
// End of data copy from Flash to SRAM1

// Zero fill the SRAM1 segment.
ldr r2, =_s_sram1
b LoopFillZeroSRAM1

FillZeroSRAM1:
  movs r3, #0
  str r3, [r2]
  adds r2, r2, #4
LoopFillZeroSRAM1:
  ldr r3, = _e_sram1
  cmp r2, r3
  bcc FillZeroSRAM1
//////////////// End of SRAM1 Blocks /////////////////

///////////// Following blocks are for SRAM2 /////////////////////
// Copy from flash to SRAM2
  ldr r0, =_s_sram2
  ldr r1, =_e_sram2
  ldr r2, =_sisram2
  movs r3, #0
  b  LoopCopySRAM2Init

CopySRAM2Init:
    ldr r4, [r2, r3]
    str r4, [r0, r3]
    adds r3, r3, #4

LoopCopySRAM2Init:
    adds r4, r0, r3
    cmp r4, r1
    bcc CopySRAM2Init
// End of data copy from Flash to SRAM2

// Zero fill the SRAM2 segment.
ldr r2, =_s_sram2
b LoopFillZeroSRAM2

FillZeroSRAM2:
  movs r3, #0
  str r3, [r2]
  adds r2, r2, #4
LoopFillZeroSRAM2:
  ldr r3, = _e_sram2
  cmp r2, r3
  bcc FillZeroSRAM2
//////////////// End of SRAM2 Blocks /////////////////

/* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/
  bl  SystemInit
/* Call static constructors */
  bl __libc_init_array
/* Call the application's entry point.*/
  bl main

LoopForever:
    b LoopForever

如果这里有任何错误，请帮助我。可以说，目前，我们只是尝试从SRAM1运行代码，因为那是在此MCU上连接到Cortex M4的I-Bus和D-Bus端口的代码。关于下面的图片，我希望BL会跳到SRAM1的开始。.您能为此提供一些启示：

Answer 1

根据屏幕捕获，您的代码跳到SRAM（如预期的那样），但是SRAM中没有代码（ MOV R0 R0 R0 表示内存已填充0s），因此是硬故障。

您必须从Flash复制到RAM要在RAM中执行的代码。