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使用Android中的OpenGL ES渲染颜色纹理的问题

发布于 2025-02-09 09:28:20 字数 6803 浏览 1 评论 0原文

在呈现屏幕上的颜色纹理时，我发现了OpenGL ES的一些未知行为。 这是相同的代码，但表示不同。

第一个代码：

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory>
#include <EGL/egl.h>
#include <GLES/gl.h>
#include <GLES/glext.h>

#include <WindowSurface.h>
#include <EGLUtils.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>

using namespace android;

EGLint majorVersion = 0;
EGLint minorVersion = 0;
EGLContext context;
EGLConfig config;
EGLSurface surface;
EGLint w = 0;
EGLint h = 0;
EGLDisplay dpy;
GLint dim = 0;

bool init()
{
    EGLint configAttribs[] = {
        EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0,
        EGL_NONE};
    WindowSurface windowSurface;
    EGLNativeWindowType window = windowSurface.getSurface();

    dpy = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
    eglInitialize(dpy, &majorVersion, &minorVersion);

    status_t err = EGLUtils::selectConfigForNativeWindow(
        dpy, configAttribs, window, &config);
    if (err)
    {
        LOG(ERROR) << "couldn't find an EGLConfig matching the screen format\n";
        return false;
    }

    surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(dpy, config, window, NULL);
    context = eglCreateContext(dpy, config, NULL, NULL);
    eglMakeCurrent(dpy, surface, surface, context);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_WIDTH, &w);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_HEIGHT, &h);
    dim = w < h ? w : h;

    GLint crop[4] = {0, 4, 4, -4};
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, crop);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexEnvx(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1);

    return true;
}
void drawFrame()
{
    // packing is always 4
    uint8_t t8[] = {
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF,
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF};

    uint16_t t16[] = {
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF,
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF};

    uint32_t t32[] = {
        0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF, 0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000,
        0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF,
        0xFF00FFFF, 0xFF00FF00, 0x00FF00FF, 0xFFFFFF00,
        0xFF000000, 0xFFFF00FF, 0xFF00FFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF};

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 4, 4, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t8);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t32);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    eglSwapBuffers(dpy, surface);
    sleep(2); // so you have a chance to admire it
};

int main(int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/)
{

    init();
    drawFrame();
    return 0;
}

第二代码：（与第一个代码相同，但没有出现init函数，所有初始化都在主函数中发生）。

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory>
#include <EGL/egl.h>
#include <GLES/gl.h>
#include <GLES/glext.h>

#include <WindowSurface.h>
#include <EGLUtils.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>

using namespace android;

EGLint majorVersion = 0;
EGLint minorVersion = 0;
EGLContext context;
EGLConfig config;
EGLSurface surface;
EGLint w = 0;
EGLint h = 0;
EGLDisplay dpy;
GLint dim = 0;

void drawFrame()
{
    // packing is always 4
    uint8_t t8[] = {
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF,
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF};

    uint16_t t16[] = {
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF,
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF};

    uint32_t t32[] = {
        0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF, 0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000,
        0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF,
        0xFF00FFFF, 0xFF00FF00, 0x00FF00FF, 0xFFFFFF00,
        0xFF000000, 0xFFFF00FF, 0xFF00FFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF};

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 4, 4, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t8);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t32);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    eglSwapBuffers(dpy, surface);
    sleep(2); // so you have a chance to admire it
};

int main(int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/)
{
    EGLint configAttribs[] = {
        EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0,
        EGL_NONE};
    WindowSurface windowSurface;
    EGLNativeWindowType window = windowSurface.getSurface();

    dpy = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
    eglInitialize(dpy, &majorVersion, &minorVersion);

    status_t err = EGLUtils::selectConfigForNativeWindow(
        dpy, configAttribs, window, &config);
    if (err)
    {
        LOG(ERROR) << "couldn't find an EGLConfig matching the screen format\n";
        return false;
    }

    surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(dpy, config, window, NULL);
    context = eglCreateContext(dpy, config, NULL, NULL);
    eglMakeCurrent(dpy, surface, surface, context);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_WIDTH, &w);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_HEIGHT, &h);
    dim = w < h ? w : h;

    GLint crop[4] = {0, 4, 4, -4};
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, crop);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexEnvx(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1);
    drawFrame();
    return 0;
}

问题声明： 在第二个程序能够渲染时，第一个程序不会在屏幕上呈现颜色纹理。

为什么只有第二个程序才能在屏幕上呈现颜色纹理，即使是第一个和第二个程序相同。

原文

While rendering the color texture on screen i found some unknown behavior of openGL ES.
Here are same code but representation is different.

First code:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory>
#include <EGL/egl.h>
#include <GLES/gl.h>
#include <GLES/glext.h>

#include <WindowSurface.h>
#include <EGLUtils.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>

using namespace android;

EGLint majorVersion = 0;
EGLint minorVersion = 0;
EGLContext context;
EGLConfig config;
EGLSurface surface;
EGLint w = 0;
EGLint h = 0;
EGLDisplay dpy;
GLint dim = 0;

bool init()
{
    EGLint configAttribs[] = {
        EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0,
        EGL_NONE};
    WindowSurface windowSurface;
    EGLNativeWindowType window = windowSurface.getSurface();

    dpy = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
    eglInitialize(dpy, &majorVersion, &minorVersion);

    status_t err = EGLUtils::selectConfigForNativeWindow(
        dpy, configAttribs, window, &config);
    if (err)
    {
        LOG(ERROR) << "couldn't find an EGLConfig matching the screen format\n";
        return false;
    }

    surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(dpy, config, window, NULL);
    context = eglCreateContext(dpy, config, NULL, NULL);
    eglMakeCurrent(dpy, surface, surface, context);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_WIDTH, &w);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_HEIGHT, &h);
    dim = w < h ? w : h;

    GLint crop[4] = {0, 4, 4, -4};
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, crop);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexEnvx(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1);

    return true;
}
void drawFrame()
{
    // packing is always 4
    uint8_t t8[] = {
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF,
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF};

    uint16_t t16[] = {
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF,
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF};

    uint32_t t32[] = {
        0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF, 0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000,
        0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF,
        0xFF00FFFF, 0xFF00FF00, 0x00FF00FF, 0xFFFFFF00,
        0xFF000000, 0xFFFF00FF, 0xFF00FFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF};

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 4, 4, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t8);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t32);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    eglSwapBuffers(dpy, surface);
    sleep(2); // so you have a chance to admire it
};

int main(int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/)
{

    init();
    drawFrame();
    return 0;
}

Second code:(Same as first one but the init function is not present all initialization is happening in main function).

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory>
#include <EGL/egl.h>
#include <GLES/gl.h>
#include <GLES/glext.h>

#include <WindowSurface.h>
#include <EGLUtils.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>

using namespace android;

EGLint majorVersion = 0;
EGLint minorVersion = 0;
EGLContext context;
EGLConfig config;
EGLSurface surface;
EGLint w = 0;
EGLint h = 0;
EGLDisplay dpy;
GLint dim = 0;

void drawFrame()
{
    // packing is always 4
    uint8_t t8[] = {
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF,
        0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0x55,
        0xAA, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF};

    uint16_t t16[] = {
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF,
        0x0000, 0x5555, 0x0000, 0x5555,
        0xAAAA, 0xFFFF, 0xAAAA, 0xFFFF};

    uint32_t t32[] = {
        0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF, 0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000,
        0xFF00FF00, 0xFFFF0000, 0xFF000000, 0xFF0000FF,
        0xFF00FFFF, 0xFF00FF00, 0x00FF00FF, 0xFFFFFF00,
        0xFF000000, 0xFFFF00FF, 0xFF00FFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF};

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, 4, 4, 0, GL_LUMINANCE, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t8);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, 0, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, t16);
    glDrawTexiOES(0, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 4, 4, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, t32);
    glDrawTexiOES(dim / 2, dim / 2, 0, dim / 2, dim / 2);

    eglSwapBuffers(dpy, surface);
    sleep(2); // so you have a chance to admire it
};

int main(int /*argc*/, char ** /*argv*/)
{
    EGLint configAttribs[] = {
        EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 0,
        EGL_NONE};
    WindowSurface windowSurface;
    EGLNativeWindowType window = windowSurface.getSurface();

    dpy = eglGetDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
    eglInitialize(dpy, &majorVersion, &minorVersion);

    status_t err = EGLUtils::selectConfigForNativeWindow(
        dpy, configAttribs, window, &config);
    if (err)
    {
        LOG(ERROR) << "couldn't find an EGLConfig matching the screen format\n";
        return false;
    }

    surface = eglCreateWindowSurface(dpy, config, window, NULL);
    context = eglCreateContext(dpy, config, NULL, NULL);
    eglMakeCurrent(dpy, surface, surface, context);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_WIDTH, &w);
    eglQuerySurface(dpy, surface, EGL_HEIGHT, &h);
    dim = w < h ? w : h;

    GLint crop[4] = {0, 4, 4, -4};
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
    glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_CROP_RECT_OES, crop);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexParameterx(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    glTexEnvx(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE);
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
    glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1);
    drawFrame();
    return 0;
}

Problem statement:
First program is not rendering the color texture on screen while second program is able to render.

Why only second program is able to render the color texture on screen even the first and second program is same.

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