执行DDL的错误“创建表用户（...）”通过JDBC语句

Question

我正在尝试学习如何在我的春季启动应用程序中使用H2数据库，但是在创建一个代表位于user.kt的定义实体的表方面遇到了麻烦。看来表的创建失败了，因此，数据插入data.sql合理地插入，因此也失败了。我不明白我在做什么错。

我不确定它是否相关，但是我已经搜索了一段时间以尝试解决这个问题，并在某处遇到了一些评论，说“如果您使用的是弹簧安全使用H2“，但人们没有进一步详细介绍。谷歌搜索这对我来说并没有产生任何有用的东西。我确实看到了一些使用某种类的具体示例）现在被弃用了，我找不到任何“最新”示例。

我确实正在使用 Spring Security ，并且尚未真正触摸它，因为我还没有了解它，我专注于首先启动数据库。我需要做任何事情以使数据库工作吗？

application.properties

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:appdb;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DATABASE_TO_UPPER=false
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
spring.jpa.defer-datasource-initialization=true
spring.h2.console.enabled=true

user.kt

@Entity
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Table(name = "users")
open class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
    open var id: Long = 1;

    @Column(name = "username'", nullable = false)
    open var username: String = ""

    @Column(name = "pwd", nullable = false)
    open var password: String = ""
}

data.sql

INSERT INTO users (username, pwd)
VALUES ('user1', '123'),
    ('user2', '123'),
    ('user3', '123');

stacktrace

2022-06-21 12:23:41.352  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] com.name.news.app.ApplicationKt     : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2022-06-21 12:23:41.387  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] .e.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor : Devtools property defaults active! Set 'spring.devtools.add-properties' to 'false' to disable
2022-06-21 12:23:41.387  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] .e.DevToolsPropertyDefaultsPostProcessor : For additional web related logging consider setting the 'logging.level.web' property to 'DEBUG'
2022-06-21 12:23:41.750  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode.
2022-06-21 12:23:41.780  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 25 ms. Found 1 JPA repository interfaces.
2022-06-21 12:23:42.214  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8082 (http)
2022-06-21 12:23:42.221  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2022-06-21 12:23:42.222  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.63]
2022-06-21 12:23:42.275  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2022-06-21 12:23:42.275  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 887 ms
2022-06-21 12:23:42.297  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2022-06-21 12:23:42.424  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2022-06-21 12:23:42.431  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.a.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration    : H2 console available at '/h2-console'. Database available at 'jdbc:h2:mem:appdb'
2022-06-21 12:23:42.524  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper  : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
2022-06-21 12:23:42.555  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] org.hibernate.Version                    : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.6.9.Final
2022-06-21 12:23:42.651  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version   : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.2.Final}
2022-06-21 12:23:42.714  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
2022-06-21 12:23:43.036  WARN 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.h.t.s.i.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl     : GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL "create table users (id bigint not null, pwd varchar(
255) not null, username' varchar(255) not null, primary key (id))" via JDBC Statement

org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL "create table users (id bigint not null, pwd varchar(255) not null, username' varchar(255) not null, primary key (id))" via JDBC Statement
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:67) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlString(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:458) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.applySqlStrings(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:442) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.createFromMetadata(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:325) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.performCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:169) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:138) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaCreatorImpl.doCreation(SchemaCreatorImpl.java:124) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.performDatabaseAction(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:168) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.process(SchemaManagementToolCoordinator.java:85) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:335) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.build(SessionFactoryBuilderImpl.java:471) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1498) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:58) ~[spring-orm-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) ~[spring-orm-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1863) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:620) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1154) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:908) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1295) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at com.name.news.app.ApplicationKt.main(Application.kt:12) ~[classes/:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Syntax error in SQL statement "create table users (id bigint not null, pwd varchar(255) not null, username[*]' varchar(255) not null, primary key (id))"; SQL statement:
create table users (id bigint not null, pwd varchar(255) not null, username' varchar(255) not null, primary key (id)) [42000-212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:502) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:477) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:223) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:199) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getSyntaxError(DbException.java:247) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Tokenizer.readCharacterString(Tokenizer.java:1098) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Tokenizer.tokenize(Tokenizer.java:226) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.initialize(Parser.java:5848) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:657) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:568) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareLocal(SessionLocal.java:631) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareCommand(SessionLocal.java:554) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1116) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.executeInternal(JdbcStatement.java:237) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.execute(JdbcStatement.java:223) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyStatement.execute(ProxyStatement.java:94) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyStatement.execute(HikariProxyStatement.java) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.exec.GenerationTargetToDatabase.accept(GenerationTargetToDatabase.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.6.9.Final.jar:5.6.9.Final]
        ... 39 common frames omitted

2022-06-21 12:23:43.046  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.h.e.t.j.p.i.JtaPlatformInitiator       : HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.NoJtaPlatform]
2022-06-21 12:23:43.083  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2022-06-21 12:23:43.130  WARN 1780 --- [  restartedMain] JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. Explicitly config
ure spring.jpa.open-in-view to disable this warning
2022-06-21 12:23:43.235  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.a.w.s.WelcomePageHandlerMapping    : Adding welcome page template: index
2022-06-21 12:23:43.644  WARN 1780 --- [  restartedMain] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationExce
ption: Error creating bean with name 'dataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/sql/init/DataSourceInitializationConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method faile
d; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptStatementFailedException: Failed to execute SQL script statement #1 of URL [file:/D:/Documents/Programming/news.app/target/classes/data.sql]: INSERT INTO users (u
sername, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'); nested exception is org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Table "users" not found (this database is empty); SQL statement:
INSERT INTO users (username, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123') [42104-212]
2022-06-21 12:23:43.645  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Closing JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2022-06-21 12:23:43.645  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] .SchemaDropperImpl$DelayedDropActionImpl : HHH000477: Starting delayed evictData of schema as part of SessionFactory shut-down'
2022-06-21 12:23:43.855  WARN 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.b.f.support.DisposableBeanAdapter    : Invocation of destroy method failed on bean with name 'inMemoryDatabaseShutdownExecutor': org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLNonTransientConnectionE
xception: Database is already closed (to disable automatic closing at VM shutdown, add ";DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE" to the db URL) [90121-212]
2022-06-21 12:23:43.856  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown initiated...
2022-06-21 12:23:43.857  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Shutdown completed.
2022-06-21 12:23:43.859  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2022-06-21 12:23:43.869  INFO 1780 --- [  restartedMain] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2022-06-21 12:23:43.882 ERROR 1780 --- [  restartedMain] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializer' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/sql/init/DataSourceInitializationCon
figuration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptStatementFailedException: Failed to execute SQL script statement #1 of URL [file:/D:/Documents/Programming/news.
app/target/classes/data.sql]: INSERT INTO users (username, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'); nested exception is org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Table "users" not found (this database is empt
y); SQL statement:
INSERT INTO users (username, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123') [42104-212]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1804) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:620) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:953) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1295) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at com.name.news.app.ApplicationKt.main(Application.kt:12) ~[classes/:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
Caused by: org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptStatementFailedException: Failed to execute SQL script statement #1 of URL [file:/D:/Documents/Programming/news.app/target/classes/data.sql]: INSERT INTO users (username, pwd
) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'); nested exception is org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Table "users" not found (this database is empty); SQL statement:
INSERT INTO users (username, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123') [42104-212]
        at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptUtils.executeSqlScript(ScriptUtils.java:282) ~[spring-jdbc-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ResourceDatabasePopulator.populate(ResourceDatabasePopulator.java:254) ~[spring-jdbc-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.DatabasePopulatorUtils.execute(DatabasePopulatorUtils.java:54) ~[spring-jdbc-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.boot.jdbc.init.DataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializer.runScripts(DataSourceScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:90) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.sql.init.AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.runScripts(AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:145) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.sql.init.AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.applyScripts(AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:107) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.sql.init.AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.applyDataScripts(AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:101) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.sql.init.AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.initializeDatabase(AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:76) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.boot.sql.init.AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractScriptDatabaseInitializer.java:65) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1863) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        ... 23 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Table "users" not found (this database is empty); SQL statement:
INSERT INTO users (username, pwd) VALUES ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123'), ('user1', '123') [42104-212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:502) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:477) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:223) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:199) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.getTableOrViewNotFoundDbException(Parser.java:8363) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.getTableOrViewNotFoundDbException(Parser.java:8347) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.readTableOrView(Parser.java:8336) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.readTableOrView(Parser.java:8306) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parseInsert(Parser.java:1641) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parsePrepared(Parser.java:814) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:691) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.parse(Parser.java:661) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.command.Parser.prepareCommand(Parser.java:568) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareLocal(SessionLocal.java:631) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.engine.SessionLocal.prepareCommand(SessionLocal.java:554) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.prepareCommand(JdbcConnection.java:1116) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.executeInternal(JdbcStatement.java:237) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcStatement.execute(JdbcStatement.java:223) ~[h2-2.1.212.jar:2.1.212]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyStatement.execute(ProxyStatement.java:94) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyStatement.execute(HikariProxyStatement.java) ~[HikariCP-4.0.3.jar:na]
        at org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ScriptUtils.executeSqlScript(ScriptUtils.java:261) ~[spring-jdbc-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
        ... 33 common frames omitted

Answer 1

您需要从列名中删除'：

@Column(name = "username'", nullable = false)

- ＆gt;

@Column(name = "username", nullable = false)

database_to_upper = false看起来也很可疑，通常仅与H2 1.4.197及以上版本一起使用此设置，但这与您的问题无关。

Answer 2

删除或评论代码中的以下行，它将起作用。

spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect