system()to execxx()和错误处理信号

发布于 2025-02-07 07:12:06 字数 4099 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我正在尝试根据旧考试论文制作一个小程序作为练习。该程序要做的是:

  1. 2≤n≤4个调用参数,每个参数是unix命令(即谁,日期)。
  2. 创建n子进程,每个tem打开执行给定的每个命令的xterm终端。终端必须保持打开状态,直到进入。
  3. 如果该过程正常关闭(使用ENTER),则
  4. 如果使用信号关闭过程/终端,请重新打开它,只需写消息,

我唯一的问题是第四点。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

void catchsig(int sig){
    ;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv){
    int pid, exit_status, proc_id, p_proc_id;
    int proc[argc-1];
    char buf[1024];
    struct sigaction sa;
    sa.sa_handler = &catchsig;

    for (int i=0; i<argc-1; i++){
    proc[i]=0;
    }


/*Argument control*/
    if ((argc-1)<2){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }
    else if ((argc-1)>4){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }   


    for (int i=1; i<argc; i++){
        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "xterm -e '%s;read'", argv[i]);
        if ((pid=fork())<0){
            perror("Error");
            exit(1);
        }
    /*child*/
        else if (pid==0 && proc[i-1]==0){
            int f;
            f = i-1;
            close(piped[1]);
            p_proc_id=getppid();
            proc_id = getpid();
            while (proc[f]==0){
                printf("Process %s; PID %d \n",argv[i], proc_id);

                exit_status = system(buf);
                printf("Process %s; exit status = %d; if exited = %d; WEXITSTATUS = %d; WIFSIGNALED = %d; WTERMSIG=%d\n", argv[i], exit_status, WIFEXITED(exit_status), WEXITSTATUS(exit_status), WIFSIGNALED(exit_status), WTERMSIG(exit_status));
                if (WIFSIGNALED(exit_status)){
                    proc[f]=1;
printf("Killed by signal");
}

}
                        

        }
    /*parent*/
            else{
;
                }
            }

    exit(0);
}

我认为这是因为我使用了System(),但是真诚的,我不知道如何用execxx()替换它,从而可以执行同一件事。 提前致谢!

编辑: 我尝试使用execl()wait()而不是sysytem()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>


void catchsig(int sig){
    ;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv){
    int pid, proc_id, p_proc_id, status, stat;
    int piped[2];
    int proc[argc-1];
    char buf[1024], key;
    char buffe[argc];
    struct sigaction sa;
    sa.sa_handler = &catchsig;

    if (pipe(piped)<0){
        exit(1);    
    }

    for (int i=0; i<argc-1; i++){
    proc[i]=0;
    }

    status = 0;
/*Argument control*/
    if ((argc-1)<2){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }
    else if ((argc-1)>4){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }   

while (status == 0){
    for (int i=1; i<argc; i++){
        int f;
        f=i-1;
        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s;read", argv[i]);
        if ((pid=fork())<0){
            perror("Errore fork");
            exit(1);
        }
    /*child*/
        else if (pid==0 && proc[f]==0){
            proc_id = getpid();
            printf("Process %s; PID %d \n",argv[i], proc_id);

            execl("/usr/bin/xterm", "/usr/bin/xterm",  "-e", buf, (void*)NULL);
                
                        

        }
    /*parent*/
            else{
                wait(&stat);
                printf("Process %s; exit status = %d; if exited = %d; WEXITSTATUS = %d; WIFSIGNALED = %d; WTERMSIG=%d\n", argv[i], stat, WIFEXITED(stat), WEXITSTATUS(stat), WIFSIGNALED(stat), WTERMSIG(stat));
                if (WIFSIGNALED(stat)){
                    proc[f]=1;
                    printf("Process closed \n");}
                for (int s=0; s<argc-1; s++){
                    if (proc[s]==1){
                        status=1;}
                    else if (proc[s]==0){
                        status=0;
                        break;}
            }

    }
    printf("status=%d \n", status);
            }
}
    exit(0);
}

不幸的是,此代码的问题/限制是2:

  1. 它只能在时间开放1个Xterm终端。
  2. 我注意到,如果仅保留1个孩子的过程,并且我继续使用Enter关闭它,它将创建更多的父母流程,每个过程都执行该子过程。

I'm trying to make a small program as exercise based on old exam papers. What the program has to do is:

  1. 2≤N≤4 invocation arguments each of which are UNIX command (i.e. who, date).
  2. Create N child process each of tem opening an xterm terminal executing each of the command given. The terminal must stay open until enter is hit.
  3. If the process is closed normally (with enter) then re-open it
  4. If the process/terminal is closed using signal just write a message

My only problem is the 4th point.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

void catchsig(int sig){
    ;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv){
    int pid, exit_status, proc_id, p_proc_id;
    int proc[argc-1];
    char buf[1024];
    struct sigaction sa;
    sa.sa_handler = &catchsig;

    for (int i=0; i<argc-1; i++){
    proc[i]=0;
    }


/*Argument control*/
    if ((argc-1)<2){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }
    else if ((argc-1)>4){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }   


    for (int i=1; i<argc; i++){
        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "xterm -e '%s;read'", argv[i]);
        if ((pid=fork())<0){
            perror("Error");
            exit(1);
        }
    /*child*/
        else if (pid==0 && proc[i-1]==0){
            int f;
            f = i-1;
            close(piped[1]);
            p_proc_id=getppid();
            proc_id = getpid();
            while (proc[f]==0){
                printf("Process %s; PID %d \n",argv[i], proc_id);

                exit_status = system(buf);
                printf("Process %s; exit status = %d; if exited = %d; WEXITSTATUS = %d; WIFSIGNALED = %d; WTERMSIG=%d\n", argv[i], exit_status, WIFEXITED(exit_status), WEXITSTATUS(exit_status), WIFSIGNALED(exit_status), WTERMSIG(exit_status));
                if (WIFSIGNALED(exit_status)){
                    proc[f]=1;
printf("Killed by signal");
}

}
                        

        }
    /*parent*/
            else{
;
                }
            }

    exit(0);
}

I think it's because I used system(), but sincerely, I don't know how to replace it with an execXX() which does the same thing.
Thanks in advance!

Edit:
I tried re-write the code using execl() and wait() instead of sysytem()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>


void catchsig(int sig){
    ;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv){
    int pid, proc_id, p_proc_id, status, stat;
    int piped[2];
    int proc[argc-1];
    char buf[1024], key;
    char buffe[argc];
    struct sigaction sa;
    sa.sa_handler = &catchsig;

    if (pipe(piped)<0){
        exit(1);    
    }

    for (int i=0; i<argc-1; i++){
    proc[i]=0;
    }

    status = 0;
/*Argument control*/
    if ((argc-1)<2){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }
    else if ((argc-1)>4){
    perror("Error");
    exit(1);
    }   

while (status == 0){
    for (int i=1; i<argc; i++){
        int f;
        f=i-1;
        snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s;read", argv[i]);
        if ((pid=fork())<0){
            perror("Errore fork");
            exit(1);
        }
    /*child*/
        else if (pid==0 && proc[f]==0){
            proc_id = getpid();
            printf("Process %s; PID %d \n",argv[i], proc_id);

            execl("/usr/bin/xterm", "/usr/bin/xterm",  "-e", buf, (void*)NULL);
                
                        

        }
    /*parent*/
            else{
                wait(&stat);
                printf("Process %s; exit status = %d; if exited = %d; WEXITSTATUS = %d; WIFSIGNALED = %d; WTERMSIG=%d\n", argv[i], stat, WIFEXITED(stat), WEXITSTATUS(stat), WIFSIGNALED(stat), WTERMSIG(stat));
                if (WIFSIGNALED(stat)){
                    proc[f]=1;
                    printf("Process closed \n");}
                for (int s=0; s<argc-1; s++){
                    if (proc[s]==1){
                        status=1;}
                    else if (proc[s]==0){
                        status=0;
                        break;}
            }

    }
    printf("status=%d \n", status);
            }
}
    exit(0);
}

Unfortunally the problems/limitations of this code are 2:

  1. It can only open 1 xterm terminal at time.
  2. I noticed that if just 1 child process remain and I keep closing it with enter, it will create more parents processes, each of them executing that child process.

如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

扫码二维码加入Web技术交流群

发布评论

需要 登录 才能够评论, 你可以免费 注册 一个本站的账号。
列表为空,暂无数据
我们使用 Cookies 和其他技术来定制您的体验包括您的登录状态等。通过阅读我们的 隐私政策 了解更多相关信息。 单击 接受 或继续使用网站,即表示您同意使用 Cookies 和您的相关数据。
原文