PICO示例C/C＆＃x2B;＆＃x2B;使用CMAKE构建问题 - 检测C编译器ABI信息 - 失败

Question

我正在尝试使用Visual Studio Code 2022在Windows 11上构建RP PICO的示例。

我一直在关注“从Raspberry Pi Pico开始”文档，并在nmake 命令用于使用开发人员命令提示符构建示例。 似乎第一个障碍是“检测C编译器ABI信息 - 失败”，请参见下文以获取完整输出。我已经在互联网上进行了搜索，并堆叠了溢出，并尝试了各种各样的修复程序，但似乎没有任何帮助。

我尝试了： 将CL.EXE设置为管理员
运行开发人员命令提示为admin
重新安装VS代码和CMAKE
手动安装Windows SDK（因为它不是MSVC安装程序上的选项）
运行vsdevcmd.bat，它会因“遇到错误”而失败，但没有什么更有用的。我已经运行调试并输出到TXT文件，但我不知道我在看什么。

提前致谢。

Microsoft (R) Program Maintenance Utility Version 14.32.31329.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

[  0%] Built target bs2_default
[  0%] Built target bs2_default_padded_checksummed_asm
[  0%] Performing configure step for 'ELF2UF2Build'
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31329.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31329.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/BuildTools/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/BuildTools/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - broken
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.23/Modules/CMakeTestCCompiler.cmake:69 (message):
  The C compiler

    "C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/BuildTools/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe"

  is not able to compile a simple test program.

  It fails with the following output:

    Change Dir: C:/pico/Downloads/pico-examples/build/elf2uf2/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp

    Run Build Command(s):nmake -f Makefile /nologo cmTC_add02\fast &&   "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe"  -f CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir\build.make /nologo -L                  CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir\build
    Building C object CMakeFiles/cmTC_add02.dir/testCCompiler.c.obj
        "C:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E cmake_cl_compile_depends --dep-file=CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir\testCCompiler.c.obj.d --working-dir=C:\pico\Downloads\pico-examples\build\elf2uf2\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp --filter-prefix="Note: including file: " -- C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~4\2022\BUILDT~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1432~1.313\bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe @C:\Users\Dan\AppData\Local\Temp\nmE440.tmp
    testCCompiler.c
    Linking C executable cmTC_add02.exe
        "C:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E vs_link_exe --intdir=CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir --rc=C:\PROGRA~2\WI3CF2~1\10\bin\100226~1.0\x86\rc.exe --mt=C:\PROGRA~2\WI3CF2~1\10\bin\100226~1.0\x86\mt.exe --manifests -- C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~4\2022\BUILDT~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1432~1.313\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo @CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir\objects1.rsp @C:\Users\Dan\AppData\Local\Temp\nmE49F.tmp
    LINK Pass 1: command "C:\PROGRA~2\MICROS~4\2022\BUILDT~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1432~1.313\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo @CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir\objects1.rsp /out:cmTC_add02.exe /implib:cmTC_add02.lib /pdb:C:\pico\Downloads\pico-examples\build\elf2uf2\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_add02.pdb /version:0.0 /machine:x64 /debug /INCREMENTAL /subsystem:console kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib /MANIFEST /MANIFESTFILE:CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir/intermediate.manifest CMakeFiles\cmTC_add02.dir/manifest.res" failed (exit code 1104) with the following output:
    LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'MSVCRTD.lib'
    NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe"' : return code '0xffffffff'
    Stop.
    NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
    Stop.





  CMake will not be able to correctly generate this project.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:2 (project)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "C:/pico/Downloads/pico-examples/build/elf2uf2/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "C:/pico/Downloads/pico-examples/build/elf2uf2/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: 'echo' : return code '0x1'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\Hostx64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.

Answer 1

我在忍者项目中遇到了一个非常相似的问题。

该汇编是用下一个BAT文件触发的（它不完整，只是生成Cmake Cache的一部分）：

@echo off
SETLOCAL

set BUILD_TYPE=%~1
IF NOT "%BUILD_TYPE%"=="" GOTO BUILD_TYPE_OK
set BUILD_TYPE=Debug
:BUILD_TYPE_OK

set CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM=C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/CMake/Ninja/ninja.exe
set C_COMPILER=C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe
set CXX_COMPILER=C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe

echo Build type: %BUILD_TYPE%
echo SBP_SBP_MSVC_QT64_DIR  = %SBP_SBP_MSVC_QT64_DIR%

set PATH_X64=%PATH%;%SBP_SBP_MSVC_QT64_DIR%
set PATH=%PATH_X64%
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=%BUILD_TYPE% "-DCMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM=%CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM%" "-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=%C_COMPILER%" "-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=%CXX_COMPILER%" -DPDB_DIR=../deploy-pdb/x64 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../deploy/bin-x64 -G Ninja -S . -B ../build/x64
if %errorlevel% neq 0 exit /b %errorlevel%

echo Done.
ENDLOCAL

原始输出看起来像这样：

Build type: Debug
SBP_SBP_MSVC_QT64_DIR  = c:\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31332.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31332.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - broken
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.24/Modules/CMakeTestCCompiler.cmake:69 (message):
  The C compiler

    "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe"

  is not able to compile a simple test program.

  It fails with the following output:

    Change Dir: D:/Job/Code/Subpac/x1c1-multitool/build/x64/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp

    Run Build Command(s):C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/CMake/Ninja/ninja.exe cmTC_3975f && [1/2] Building C object CMakeFiles\cmTC_3975f.dir\testCCompiler.c.obj
    [2/2] Linking C executable cmTC_3975f.exe
    FAILED: cmTC_3975f.exe
    cmd.exe /C "cd . && "C:\Program Files\CMake\bin\cmake.exe" -E vs_link_exe --intdir=CMakeFiles\cmTC_3975f.dir --rc=rc --mt=CMAKE_MT-NOTFOUND --manifests  -- C:\PROGRA~1\MIB055~1\2022\COMMUN~1\VC\Tools\MSVC\1432~1.313\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo CMakeFiles\cmTC_3975f.dir\testCCompiler.c.obj  /out:cmTC_3975f.exe /implib:cmTC_3975f.lib /pdb:cmTC_3975f.pdb /version:0.0 /machine:x64  /debug /INCREMENTAL /subsystem:console  kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib && cd ."
    RC Pass 1: command "rc /fo CMakeFiles\cmTC_3975f.dir/manifest.res CMakeFiles\cmTC_3975f.dir/manifest.rc" failed (exit code 0) with the following output:
    The system cannot find the file specified
    ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.





  CMake will not be able to correctly generate this project.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:2 (project)


-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "D:/Test/build/x64/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "D:/Test/build/x64/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".

[process exited with code 1 (0x00000001)]

当我将下一行添加到构建脚本：
调用“ C：\ Program Files \ Microsoft Visual Studio \ 2022 \ Community \ VC \ Auxiliary \ build \ Vcvarsall.bat” AMD64。在BAT文件的部分下方添加了此行：

@echo off
SETLOCAL

set BUILD_TYPE=%~1
IF NOT "%BUILD_TYPE%"=="" GOTO BUILD_TYPE_OK
set BUILD_TYPE=Debug
:BUILD_TYPE_OK

call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" amd64

set CMAKE_MAKE_PROGRAM=C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022....

现在的输出看起来像这样，当我添加命令以部署时，所有这些都可以正常工作：

**********************************************************************
** Visual Studio 2022 Developer Command Prompt v17.2.6
** Copyright (c) 2022 Microsoft Corporation
**********************************************************************
[vcvarsall.bat] Environment initialized for: 'x64'
Build type: Debug
SBP_SBP_MSVC_QT64_DIR  = c:\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64
-- The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31332.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.32.31332.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio/2022/Community/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.32.31326/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: D:/Test/build/x64
Done.

希望它将有助于用nmake解决您的问题。