如何使用ChainLink Solidity Smart合同来修复TypeError和声明Errantor？

Question

我创建了一份智能合约，如果ETH的价格在锁定期间下降，则将存入的金额返回到每个用户的金额 +一定的金额。我在代码的最后一部分有两个问题。

第一个涉及绘制用户存款时以太坊价格的映射。我尝试过几种解决方案，但它们似乎都没有用。该问题在第64行映射（UINT =＆GT; UINT）Ethprice;上出现。控制台返回：

DeclarationError: Identifier already declared.
--> oracle.sol:65:5:
|
65 | mapping(uint => uint) ethPrice;
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Note: The previous declaration is here:
--> oracle.sol:63:5:
|
63 | uint public ethPrice = 0; 
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

第二个在第1号线上找到。 91。msg.sender.transfer（MunstOwithDraw）;带有传输功能。尽管将每个用户的地址定义为在上一个功能中应付款的事实，但控制台仍继续返回以下错误。控制台返回：

TypeError: "send" and "transfer" are only available for objects of type "address payable", not "address".
--> oracle.sol:97:9:
|
97 | msg.sender.transfer(amountToWithdraw);
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

这两个问题严重使智能合约无效，并保持编码最新功能的完成。我已经联系了几个人，并在论坛上介绍了有关牢固性的编程，但似乎没有人能解决我的问题。

我希望我的问题可以得到社区的回答，并可以帮助任何其他人将来尝试坚固地使用链条。我很高兴听取有关此事的任何建议。

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.6;


import "@chainlink/contracts/src/v0.8/interfaces/AggregatorV3Interface.sol";

    // EACAggregatorProxy is used for chainlink oracle
interface EACAggregatorProxy {
    function latestAnswer() external view returns (int256);
}

contract oracleLink {

    // Address dev
    address public dev;
    // Dev's public deposit amount
    uint public devDeposit;
    // Array dev's public amount
    uint[] public devDeposits;

    // List each user and amount
    address[] public users;                   
    uint[] public totalDeposited;  

    // Mapping user's deposit
    mapping(address => uint) balances;

    // Deployer = dev & Dev deposit function 
    function deployerIsDeveloper() public payable {
        dev = msg.sender;
        devDeposit = msg.value;
        devDeposits.push(devDeposit);                   
    }

    // User's address
    address user;
    // Amount's address 
    uint amountDeposit;
    // Deadline time 
    uint256 deadline;

    // Amount's each user
    uint256 lockAmount = lockAmounts[msg.sender];
    // Mapping of deposit for each user        
    mapping(address => uint) lockAmounts;

    // Timestamp for each user 
    uint256 startTime = startTimes[block.timestamp];
    // Mapping timestamp for each user  
    mapping(uint => uint) startTimes; 

    // Kovan ETH/USD oracle address 
    address public chainLinkETHUSDAddress = 0x9326BFA02ADD2366b30bacB125260Af641031331;

    // ethPrice 
    uint public ethPrice = 0; 
    uint256 price = ethPrice;
    mapping(uint => uint) ethPrice;

    // Deposit function for each user 
    function deposit(uint256 numberOfSeconds) public payable {

        lockAmounts[msg.sender] = msg.value;
        startTimes[block.timestamp] = block.timestamp;
        
        user = msg.sender;           
        amountDeposit = msg.value;      
        
        users.push(user);                     
        totalDeposited.push(amountDeposit);

        deadline = block.timestamp + (numberOfSeconds * 1 seconds);

        int256 chainLinkEthPrice = EACAggregatorProxy(chainLinkETHUSDAddress).latestAnswer();
        ethPrice = uint(chainLinkEthPrice / 100000000);
        //return ethPrice = price;
        //price.push(ethPrice);
    }

    // Withdraw function for each user 
    function withdraw() public payable {
        require(block.timestamp >= deadline);
        uint amountToWithdraw = lockAmounts[msg.sender];
        lockAmounts[msg.sender] = 0; 
        msg.sender.transfer(amountToWithdraw); 
    }
}

Answer 1

对于第一期，Solidity编译器说，您宣布了两个带标识符的变量。在您的情况下，您为EthPrice提供映射和uint variable。要解决此问题，请尝试以这种方式更改以下名称之一：

 uint256 price = ethPrice;
 mapping(uint => uint) mappingEthPrice;

第二期是指msg.sender关键字不会自动使用应付地址付款并求解它，您可以使用付款（）函数这使您可以将地址转换为地址应付。
在您的智能合约中，您必须以这种方式进行更改：

payable(msg.sender).transfer(amountToWithdraw); 

这应该是您的智能合约修复：

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.6;


import "@chainlink/contracts/src/v0.8/interfaces/AggregatorV3Interface.sol";

    // EACAggregatorProxy is used for chainlink oracle
interface EACAggregatorProxy {
    function latestAnswer() external view returns (int256);
}

contract oracleLink {

    // Address dev
    address public dev;
    // Dev's public deposit amount
    uint public devDeposit;
    // Array dev's public amount
    uint[] public devDeposits;

    // List each user and amount
    address[] public users;                   
    uint[] public totalDeposited;  

    // Mapping user's deposit
    mapping(address => uint) balances;

    // Deployer = dev & Dev deposit function 
    function deployerIsDeveloper() public payable {
        dev = msg.sender;
        devDeposit = msg.value;
        devDeposits.push(devDeposit);                   
    }

    // User's address
    address user;
    // Amount's address 
    uint amountDeposit;
    // Deadline time 
    uint256 deadline;

    // Amount's each user
    uint256 lockAmount = lockAmounts[msg.sender];
    // Mapping of deposit for each user        
    mapping(address => uint) lockAmounts;

    // Timestamp for each user 
    uint256 startTime = startTimes[block.timestamp];
    // Mapping timestamp for each user  
    mapping(uint => uint) startTimes; 

    // Kovan ETH/USD oracle address 
    address public chainLinkETHUSDAddress = 0x9326BFA02ADD2366b30bacB125260Af641031331;

    // ethPrice 
    uint public ethPrice = 0; 
    uint256 price = ethPrice;
    mapping(uint => uint) mappingEthPrice;

    // Deposit function for each user 
    function deposit(uint256 numberOfSeconds) public payable {

        lockAmounts[msg.sender] = msg.value;
        startTimes[block.timestamp] = block.timestamp;
        
        user = msg.sender;           
        amountDeposit = msg.value;      
        
        users.push(user);                     
        totalDeposited.push(amountDeposit);

        deadline = block.timestamp + (numberOfSeconds * 1 seconds);

        int256 chainLinkEthPrice = EACAggregatorProxy(chainLinkETHUSDAddress).latestAnswer();
        ethPrice = uint(chainLinkEthPrice / 100000000);
        //return ethPrice = price;
        //price.push(ethPrice);
    }

    // Withdraw function for each user 
    function withdraw() public payable {
        require(block.timestamp >= deadline);
        uint amountToWithdraw = lockAmounts[msg.sender];
        lockAmounts[msg.sender] = 0; 
        payable(msg.sender).transfer(amountToWithdraw); 
    }
}