如何将嵌套的序列化与Django Rest Mixins一起使用

Question

我正在尝试在带有多个模型的Django-Rest框架中实现crud操作。 目标是在进行API调用时执行crud操作RON多表。

我使用mixins来自REST框架 https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/generic-views/#mixins

我找到了一些相关示例，但仍然，我的序列化机仅从student返回字段 crud操作的模型。我无法在REST API UI中看到课程模型字段。

问题 我无法从家庭作业和课程模型中获得字段。

模型没有在django中创建新模型？

使用Django Rest框架中定义的Mixins类

models.py

class Student(models.Model):
    student_id = models.UUIDField(default=uuid.uuid4, unique=True,
                      primary_key=True, editable=False)
    firstName = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    age = models.IntegerField(default=18)

   

class Course(models.Model):
    student_id = models.ForeignKey(Student, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    courseName = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    courseYear = models.IntegerField(default=2021)
    student = models.ManyToManyField(Student, related_name='courses')


class Homework(models.Model):
    student_id = models.ForeignKey(Student, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    hwName = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    hwPossScore = models.IntegerField(default=100)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='homeworks', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
    students = models.ManyToManyField(Student)

serializers.py

class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = "__all__"


class HomeworkSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
   
    class Meta:
        model = Homework
        fields = __all__


class CourseSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
   
    class Meta:
        model = Course
        fields = "__all__"
###I combine both Student and Course into one
class All_Serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
    students = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    homeworks = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    courses = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    
    def get_students(self, obj):
        students = obj.student_set.all()
        serializer = StudentSerializer(students, many=True)
        return serializer.data

    def get_homeworks(self, obj):
        homeworks = obj.homework_set.all()
        serializer = HomeworkSerializer(homeworks, many=True, read_only=True)  
        return serializer.data

    def get_courses(self, obj):
        courses = obj.courses_set.all()
        serializer = CourseSerializer(courses, many=True, read_only=True)  
        return serializer.data

    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ('student_id','firstName','age','homeworks','courses')
   

views.pys.py <

 class Main_mixins(generics.GenericAPIView, 
                                mixins.ListModelMixin, 
                                mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                                mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                                mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                                mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
    serializer_class = All_Serializer
    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    lookup_field = 'student_id'

    def get(self, request, student_id=None):
        if student_id:
           return self.retrieve(request, student_id)
        else:
            return self.list(request)
    
    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)
    
    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        serializer.save()
    
    
    def put(self, request, student_id=None):
        return self.update(request, student_id=None, homeworks, courses)

/strong 感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

不确定您要做什么。

课程和作业的模型属于 一个 学生或拥有 Strong> 的学生？如果我错过了您实施的目的，请原谅我。

但是，如果您想要您的学生QuerySet包括课程和家庭作业领域。您可以尝试以下代码。

model.py

class Student(models.Model):
   student_id = models.UUIDField(default=uuid.uuid4, unique=True,
                     primary_key=True, editable=False)
   firstName = models.CharField(max_length=20)
   age = models.IntegerField(default=18)

   def get_course_set(self):
      return Course.objects.filter(student_id=self)

   def get_homework_set(self):
      return Homework.objects.filter(student_id=self)


class Course(models.Model):
    ...


class Homework(models.Model):
    ...
    

serializers.py

class HomeworkSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
   
    class Meta:
        model = Homework
        fields = __all__


class CourseSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
   
    class Meta:
        model = Course
        fields = "__all__"


class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    course = CourseSerializer(source="get_course_set", many=True, read_only=True)
    homework = HomeworkSerializer(source="get_homework_set", many=True, read_only=True)
  
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = "__all__"

# Remove All_Serializer
# class All_Serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      ...

views.py

class Main_mixins(generics.GenericAPIView, 
                                mixins.ListModelMixin, 
                                mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                                mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                                mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                                mixins.DestroyModelMixin):

    # Change from All_Serializer to StudentSerializer
    serializer_class = StudentSerializer
    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    lookup_field = 'student_id'

    ...