使用Web3.Py Python与Rinkeby智能合约的互动

Question

这是我的Web3.py代码。我已经使用混音在Rinkeby TestNet上实现了智能合约。我可以调用其他功能，但是当我调用Transact功能时，我会遇到以下错误。

代码：

web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(url))


web3.middleware_onion.inject(geth_poa_middleware, layer=0)
print(web3.isConnected())

class SendCoin:
    def send_coin_on_reps(self, reps):
        print(web3.isConnected())
    
    # web3.eth.defaultAccount = web3.eth.accounts[-1]
    # INTRACTING WITH REMIX CONTRACT
    abi = json.load()
    deployed_contract_address = web3.toChecksumAddress('0x40eab3d93EFE536560Ad5802B15EAb56203c3A48')
    
    contract = web3.eth.contract(address = deployed_contract_address, abi = abi)
    
    print(contract)
    reward = contract.functions.getReward().call()
    print("reward = ", reward)

    tx_hash = contract.functions.setReward(reps).transact()

错误：

  File "/home/sohail/Blockchain/local_ganache_network_web3_app.py", line 48, in send_coin_on_reps
    tx_hash = contract.functions.setReward(reps).transact()

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/contract.py", line 997, in transact
    return transact_with_contract_function(

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/contract.py", line 1590, in transact_with_contract_function
    txn_hash = web3.eth.send_transaction(transact_transaction)

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/eth.py", line 815, in send_transaction
    return self._send_transaction(transaction)

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/module.py", line 57, in caller
    result = w3.manager.request_blocking(method_str,

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/manager.py", line 198, in request_blocking
    return self.formatted_response(response,

  File "/home/sohail/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/web3/manager.py", line 171, in formatted_response
    raise ValueError(response["error"])

ValueError: {'code': -32601, 'message': 'The method eth_sendTransaction does not exist/is not available'}

Answer 1

在我看来，您就像您试图使用托管节点一样，就好像它是本地节点一样。您可以阅读有关 web3.py文档。

简而言之：托管节点上没有eth_sendtransaction（例如infura，Alchemy等），因为托管节点无法访问您的私钥。

为了Transact（），您需要一个由Ether资助的帐户。该帐户的私钥在哪里？如果您在Python中有它，则需要将API用于用本地密钥签署合同事务。

否则，如果私钥在本地节点（例如Geth）中，则需要正确连接到该节点，可能会使用IPC连接。然后，简单的transact（）调用应该可以运行良好。