Android：需要针对＆lt;接收器明确指定出口。针对Android 12及更高颤动的应用程序

Question

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.
> Manifest merger failed : android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for <receiver>. Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit value for `android:exported` when the corresponding component has an intent filter defined. See https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported for details.

这个错误正在我的flutter应用程序中抛出。我在所有活动和服务中设置android：exported =“ true”。

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapp">
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />

    <application
        android:label="My APP"
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
        android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
        android:hardwareAccelerated="false"
        android:largeHeap="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/launcher_icon">

       <meta-data android:name="io.flutter.network-policy"
           android:resource="@xml/network_security_config"/>
        <meta-data android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_icon"
            android:resource="@drawable/rsoft_logo" />
        <activity
            android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
            android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
            <!-- Specifies an Android theme to apply to this Activity as soon as
                 the Android process has started. This theme is visible to the user
                 while the Flutter UI initializes. After that, this theme continues
                 to determine the Window background behind the Flutter UI. -->
            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
              android:resource="@style/NormalTheme"
              />
            <!-- Displays an Android View that continues showing the launch screen
                 Drawable until Flutter paints its first frame, then this splash
                 screen fades out. A splash screen is useful to avoid any visual
                 gap between the end of Android's launch screen and the painting of
                 Flutter's first frame. -->
            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.SplashScreenDrawable"
              android:resource="@drawable/launch_background"
              />
            <meta-data
                android:name="flutterEmbedding"
                android:value="2" />
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Dialog.MinWidth"
            android:name=".PopUpActivity"/>
        <receiver android:name=".CallReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        <!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
             This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
        <meta-data
            android:name="flutterEmbedding"
            android:value="2" />
    </application>
</manifest>

参考图像

Answer 1

请

 android:exported="false"

在所有活动，服务，接收器中进行除MainAttivity以外

Answer 2

请检查build.gradle文件：

androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.4.1"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:core:1.4.0"

可以简单地编辑接收器＆gt;导出：“ false”
另一种方式：

1.首先将目标SDK的首先使用到30

2.然后转到合并的清单

3.如果有任何活动，服务，接收器或提供商没有Android：导出的设置，请找到。覆盖所有这些条目并设置其Android：导出到True或False。

4.将目标SDK设置为31并运行项目