将导轨从6.1.1升级到7.0.3之后，我的设计邮件可以初始化

Question

我开始将我的申请升级为6.1.1至7.0.3。在执行此操作时，我还必须升级从4.7.3升级到4.8.1。

有了旧设置，一切都很好。现在升级后，我无法启动以下内容：

1. Rails Server
2. Rails Console
3. RSPEC Specs
4. rake rails：更新

它们都失败了以下错误消息：

/home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:280:in `constantize': uninitialized constant AccountMailer
Did you mean?  ActionMailer (NameError)
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/inflections.rb:74:in `constantize'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:320:in `get'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:343:in `mailer'
    from /home/andres/apps/my_app/config/initializers/devise.rb:25:in `block in <main>'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:307:in `setup'
    from /home/andres/apps/my_app/config/initializers/devise.rb:5:in `<main>'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:39:in `load'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:39:in `load'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:667:in `block in load_config_initializer'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:208:in `instrument'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:666:in `load_config_initializer'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:620:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:619:in `each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:619:in `block in <class:Engine>'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:422:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:421:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `tsort_each_child'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:415:in `call'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:415:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:372:in `initialize!'
    from /home/andres/apps/my_app/config/environment.rb:7:in `<main>'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/zeitwerk-2.5.4/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:35:in `require'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:106:in `preload'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:157:in `serve'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:145:in `block in run'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:139:in `loop'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application.rb:139:in `run'
    from /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@my_app/gems/spring-2.1.1/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:19:in `<top (required)>'
    from <internal:/home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'
    from <internal:/home/andres/.rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/lib/ruby/3.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb>:85:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'

Mailer Files： Mailer Files

我正在使用以下Mailer-folder结构：

app/mailers:

account_mailer.rb
application_mailer.rb

我的councel_mailer.rb有以下声明：

# frozen_string_literal: true

# using SendGrid's Ruby Library
# https://github.com/sendgrid/sendgrid-ruby
require 'sendgrid-ruby'

class AccountMailer < Devise::Mailer
  include SendGrid
  default template_path: 'devise/mailer'

基于Constance方法应该能够完成我所需要的一切（文件名与类名称匹配，文件在正确的文件夹结构下存在）。

使用Mailer设计初始化

我的自定义accountmailer在Deaties Initializer中初始化了这样的初始化：config.mailer ='accountMailer'。

正如我所说的 - 这一切都像Rails 6.1.1中的魅力一样工作，但是现在我无法在Rails升级后围绕问题所在。

我尝试的是：

我评论了所有 accountmailer参考。之后，我开始遇到有关deaise ::这样的错误

An error occurred while loading rails_helper.
Failure/Error: require File.expand_path('../config/environment', __dir__)

NameError:
  uninitialized constant Devise::Mailer
  Did you mean?  Devise::Mailers
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:280:in `constantize'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/inflections.rb:74:in `constantize'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:320:in `get'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:343:in `mailer'
# ./config/initializers/devise.rb:25:in `block in <main>'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/devise-4.8.1/lib/devise.rb:307:in `setup'
# ./config/initializers/devise.rb:5:in `<main>'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:39:in `load'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/bootsnap-1.11.1/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:39:in `load'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:667:in `block in load_config_initializer'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/activesupport-7.0.3/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:208:in `instrument'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:666:in `load_config_initializer'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:620:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:619:in `each'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:619:in `block in <class:Engine>'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `each'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `tsort_each_child'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
# /home/andres/.rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@vaab/gems/railties-7.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:372:in `initialize!'
# ./config/environment.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:8:in `require'
# ./spec/rails_helper.rb:8:in `<top (required)>'

的

# config.mailer = 'AccountMailer'
# config.mailer.perform_deliveries = !Rails.env.test?
# config.mailer.raise_delivery_errors = true

错误100％工作所需的工作。

我检查了 Deweise ChangElog 在4.7.3之后发行了我的版本升级从那里升级，我没有注意到那里的任何相关更改。

我还检查了版本6.1.1和7.0.3之间的相关配置更改，

constandize在错误跟踪中出现的方法在此处描述： https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/string.html#method-i-constantize

我正在将Rails升级教程从在这里。 这里有什么问题？

Answer 1

设置类名之后，下一行中的getter config.mailer constandizes中，因为它需要类对象。

在Rails 6.0和6.1中，该访问引起了嘈杂的警告，在启动期间自动加载了可重新加载的课程。在Rails 7中，弃用周期完成，并在引导过程中自动加载可重新加载的类或模块是错误条件。

一种可能的解决方案是预加载带有的Mailer需要在初始化器中调用以进行设计。自动加载器将看到accountmailer已经加载，并且会忽略account_mailer.rb。

理由是accountmailer无法重新加载，因为重新加载的更改不会产生效果，因为在重新加载初始化器未运行的情况下。此错误阻止了不引起注意的情况。