OpenMP任务FirstPrivate

发布于 2025-01-27 10:30:31 字数 318 浏览 5 评论 0原文

我有一个有关OpenMP任务Pragma的问题,如果我们假设以下代码:

#pragma omp parallel
{
 x = omp_get_thread_num();

#pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
//do something with x

}

据我了解,无法保证,线程执行任务。 所以我的问题是,任务中的“ x”现在是线程生成任务的ID还是执行任务的一个?

例如,如果线程0遇到任务,并且线程3执行它:X应该为0,那么,对吗?

I have a question regarding the OpenMP task pragma, if we suppose the following code:

#pragma omp parallel
{
 x = omp_get_thread_num();

#pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
//do something with x

}

as far as I understood tasking, it is not guaranteed, which thread executes the task.
So my question is, is "x" in the task now the id of thread generated the task or the one who executes it?

e.g. if thread 0 comes across the task, and thread 3 executes it: x should be 0 then, right?

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评论(1

小矜持 2025-02-03 10:30:31

所以我的问题是,任务中的“ x”现在生成的线程ID
任务或执行它的人?

这取决于,如果并行默认数据共享属性是共享(默认情况下通常是):

  • 'x'可以等于从0的任何线程ID到团队中的线程总数-1。这是因为更新变量“ X”期间存在赛车条件。

这可以用以下代码显示:

#include <omp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    int x;
    #pragma omp parallel
    {
        x = omp_get_thread_num();

        if(omp_get_thread_num() == 1){
                sleep(5);
                #pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
                {       
                   printf("Value of x = %d | ID Thread executing = %d\n", x, omp_get_thread_num());
                }
        }

    }
    return 0;
}

因此,带有id = 1的线程创建任务,但是,'x'的值与'1'的值不同,并且与当前线程的值不同。执行任务。这是因为当带有id = 1的线程在睡眠(5);期间等待时,团队中的其余线程可以更新'x'的值。

通常,此类用例中的规范形式是使用单个 pragma围绕任务创建的包裹如下:

#include <omp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    int x;
    #pragma omp parallel
    {
        #pragma omp single
        {
                printf("I am the task creator '%d'\n", omp_get_thread_num());
                x = omp_get_thread_num();
                #pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
                {       
                        printf("Value of x = %d | ID Thread executing = %d\n", x, omp_get_thread_num());
                }
        }

    }
    return 0;
}

在这种情况下,如@michael Klemm所述:

。 。,x将包含创建任务的线程的ID。因此,是的,如果线程0创建了任务,即使选择了线程3来执行任务

。 > x = op_get_thread_num(); 发生。

因此,如果您运行上面的代码,则应始终获得我是任务创建者,其值与x = 的值相同,但是您可以在<<中获得不同的值代码> ID线程执行。例如:

I am the task creator '4'
Value of x = 4 | ID Thread executing = 7

这是按照OpenMP标准中指定的行为的一致:即:

任务构造是一个任务生成构造。当线程时
遇到任务结构,从
相关结构化块的代码。 根据任务构造上的数据共享属性子句,per-data环境ICV以及任何默认值
申请。

遇到的线程可能会立即执行任务,也可以推迟执行。在后一种情况下,可以将团队中的任何线程分配给任务。

So my question is, is "x" in the task now the id of thread generated
the task or the one who executes it?

It depends, if the parallel default data-sharing attribute is shared (which by default typically it is) then:

  • 'x' can be equal to any thread ID ranging from 0 to the total number of threads in the team - 1. This is because there is a race condition during the update of the variable 'x'.

This can be show-cased with the following code:

#include <omp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    int x;
    #pragma omp parallel
    {
        x = omp_get_thread_num();

        if(omp_get_thread_num() == 1){
                sleep(5);
                #pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
                {       
                   printf("Value of x = %d | ID Thread executing = %d\n", x, omp_get_thread_num());
                }
        }

    }
    return 0;
}

So the thread with ID=1 creates the task, however, 'x' can have different values than '1' and also different values than the thread currently executing the task. This is because while the thread with ID=1, is waiting during sleep(5);, the remaining threads in the team can update the value of 'x'.

Typically, the canonical form in such use-cases would be to use a single pragma wrapping around the task creation as follows:

#include <omp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    int x;
    #pragma omp parallel
    {
        #pragma omp single
        {
                printf("I am the task creator '%d'\n", omp_get_thread_num());
                x = omp_get_thread_num();
                #pragma omp task firstprivate(x)
                {       
                        printf("Value of x = %d | ID Thread executing = %d\n", x, omp_get_thread_num());
                }
        }

    }
    return 0;
}

And in this case as @Michael Klemm mentioned on the comments:

..., x will contain the ID of the thread that created the task. So, yes, if thread 0 created the task, x will be zero even though thread 3 is picked to execute the task.

This also applies in the cases that variable 'x' is private by the time the statement x = omp_get_thread_num(); happens.

Therefore, if you run the code above you should always get I am the task creator with the same value as Value of x =, but you can get a different value in ID Thread executing. For example:

I am the task creator '4'
Value of x = 4 | ID Thread executing = 7

This is in accordance to the behaviour specified in the OpenMP standard, namely:

The task construct is a task generating construct. When a thread
encounters a task construct, an explicit task is generated from the
code for the associated structured block. The data environment of the task is created according to the data-sharing attribute clauses on the task construct, per-data environment ICVs, and any defaults that
apply.

The encountering thread may immediately execute the task, or defer its execution. In the latter case, any thread in the team may be assigned the task.

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