python-运行shell命令，获取stdout和stderr作为变量，但请躲藏在用户中吗？

发布于 2025-01-27 03:32:49 字数 433 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我想让我的Python脚本运行Linux Shell命令并将输出存储在变量中，而不会向用户显示命令的输出。我已经使用OS.System，subprocess.check_output，subprocess.run，subprocess.popen和OS.Popen没有运气。

我当前的方法是运行OS.System（“ LS -L＆amp;＆gt;/tmp/test_file”），因此命令stdout和stderr被管道到/tmp/test_file ，然后我的Python代码将文件读为变量，然后将其删除。

是否有更好的方法来这样做，以便我可以将命令输出直接发送到变量中，而无需创建和删除文件，而是将其隐藏在用户中？

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残月升风 2025-02-03 03:32:50

@codester_09的解决方案在技术上是正确的，但仅回答了一半的问题，并且没有显示如何将输出分配给变量。

STDOUT和STDERR的结果是bytes对象，因此，如果您想将它们作为字符串处理，则需要对其进行解码：

from subprocess import run

cmd = 'ls -l'
data = run(cmd, capture_output=True, shell=True)
output = data.stdout.splitlines()
errors = data.stderr.splitlines()
combined = output + errors

# Do whatever you want with each line of stdout
for line in output:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

# Do whatever you want with each line of stderr
for line in errors:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

# Do whatever you want with each line of stdout and stderr combined
for line in combined:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

The solution by @codester_09 is technically correct but only answers half the question and does not show how to assign the output to a variable.

The results of stdout and stderr are bytes objects so you will need to decode them if you want to handle them as strings, for example:

from subprocess import run

cmd = 'ls -l'
data = run(cmd, capture_output=True, shell=True)
output = data.stdout.splitlines()
errors = data.stderr.splitlines()
combined = output + errors

# Do whatever you want with each line of stdout
for line in output:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

# Do whatever you want with each line of stderr
for line in errors:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

# Do whatever you want with each line of stdout and stderr combined
for line in combined:
    line = line.decode('utf-8')

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执妄 2025-02-03 03:32:49

您可以使用功能。

@Ashley Kleynhans说的一个更新

“ stdout和stderr的结果是字节对象，因此，如果您想将它们作为字符串处理，则需要对其进行解码。”

。或stderr，因为在运行方法中，您可以传递一个参数以将返回数据作为字符串获取，即text = true

“如果使用它必须是字节序列，或者如果指定了编码或错误或文本为true - -

from subprocess import run

data = run("ANY COMMAND HERE", capture_output=True, shell=True, text=True)
print(data.stdout) # If you want you can save it to a variable
print(data.stderr) # ^^

You can use the subprocess.run function.

One update as @Ashley Kleynhans say

"The results of stdout and stderr are bytes objects so you will need to decode them if you want to handle them as strings"

For this, you do not need to decode stdout or stderr because in the run method you can pass one more argument to get the return data as a string, which is text=True

"If used it must be a byte sequence, or a string if encoding or errors is specified or text is true" - from Documentation

from subprocess import run

data = run("ANY COMMAND HERE", capture_output=True, shell=True, text=True)
print(data.stdout) # If you want you can save it to a variable
print(data.stderr) # ^^

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