通过指定存在多个儿童的名称来解析XML

Question

我在推断相似的外推时遇到了一些困难，因此将有多个名称不同的孩子的XML线程。例如，这是我正在使用的文件的子集：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SDDXML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <RulesetFilename file="T24N_2022.bin"/>
  <Model Name="Proposed">
    ...
  <Model Name="Standard">
    <Proj>
      <Name>project0001</Name>
      <DevMode>1</DevMode>
      <BldgEngyModelVersion>16</BldgEngyModelVersion>
      <AnalysisVersion>220070</AnalysisVersion>
      <CreateDate>1650049043</CreateDate>
      <EnergyUse>
        ..
      <EnergyUse>
        <Name>Efficiency Compliance</Name>
        <EnduseName>Efficiency Compliance</EnduseName>
        <ProposedTDV index="0">270.095</ProposedTDV>
        <StandardTDV index="0">99.089</StandardTDV>
...

我正在尝试以“提议tdv'= 270.095”的值。我已经尝试了Beautifulsoup和ElementTree，但是我只是难以找到语法来指定孩子的名字。 IE因为我无法使用类似的搜索字符串：

Model/Proj/EnergyUse/ProposedTDV

我正在尝试找到更多类似的东西：

Model[Name="Standard"]/Proj/EnergyUse[Name='Efficiency Compliance']/ProposedTDV

或类似的beauftifulsoup（或任何其他XML解析器）。

例如，我尝试过类似的事情

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
result = open(--xml_file_path--,'r')
contents = result.read()
soup = BeautifulSoup(contents,'xml')
test = soup.Model[Name="Proposed"].Proj.EnergyUse[Name='Efficiency Compliance'].findAll("ProposedTDV")

，但我知道那里的语法是错误的。

Answer 1

看看 [python.docs]：xml。 etree.ElementTree-支持的XPath语法。

我保存了您的 XML 并将其增强了一点（固定错误并添加了一些虚拟节点），以便有一个工作示例。

blob00.xml ：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SDDXML xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <RulesetFilename file="T24N_2022.bin"/>
  <Model Name="Proposed">
    <Proj>
      <!-- Other nodes -->
      <EnergyUse>
        <Name>Efficiency Compliance</Name>
        <EnduseName>Efficiency Compliance</EnduseName>
        <ProposedTDV index="0">1.618</ProposedTDV>
        <StandardTDV index="0">9.809</StandardTDV>
      </EnergyUse>
    </Proj>
  </Model>
  <!-- Other nodes -->
  <Model Name="Standard">
    <Proj>
      <Name>project0001</Name>
      <DevMode>1</DevMode>
      <BldgEngyModelVersion>16</BldgEngyModelVersion>
      <AnalysisVersion>220070</AnalysisVersion>
      <CreateDate>1650049043</CreateDate>
      <EnergyUse/>
      <!-- Other nodes -->
      <EnergyUse>
        <!-- Only this one should be selected! -->>
        <Name>Efficiency Compliance</Name>
        <EnduseName>Efficiency Compliance</EnduseName>
        <ProposedTDV index="0">270.095</ProposedTDV>
        <StandardTDV index="0">99.089</StandardTDV>
      </EnergyUse>
      <EnergyUse>
        <Name>Some name that SHOULD NOT MATCH</Name>
        <EnduseName>Efficiency Compliance</EnduseName>
        <ProposedTDV index="0">3.141593</ProposedTDV>
        <StandardTDV index="0">2.718282</StandardTDV>
      </EnergyUse>
    </Proj>
  </Model>
</SDDXML>

code00.py ：

#!/usr/bin/env python

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
import sys


def main(*argv):
    doc = ET.parse("./blob00.xml")
    root = doc.getroot()
    search_xpath = "./Model[@Name='Standard']/Proj/EnergyUse[Name='Efficiency Compliance']/ProposedTDV"

    # Below are different (less restrictive) filters. Decomment each and see the differences
    #search_xpath = "./Model/Proj/EnergyUse[Name='Efficiency Compliance']/ProposedTDV"
    #search_xpath = "./Model[@Name='Standard']/Proj/EnergyUse/ProposedTDV"
    #search_xpath = "./Model/Proj/EnergyUse/ProposedTDV"

    for proposedtdv_node in root.iterfind(search_xpath):
        print("{:}\nText: {:s}".format(proposedtdv_node, proposedtdv_node.text))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Python {:s} {:03d}bit on {:s}\n".format(" ".join(elem.strip() for elem in sys.version.split("\n")),
                                                   64 if sys.maxsize > 0x100000000 else 32, sys.platform))
    rc = main(*sys.argv[1:])
    print("\nDone.")
    sys.exit(rc)

输出：

  [cfati@cfati-5510-0：e：\ work \ dev \ stackoverflow \ q071929246]＆gt; ”
Python 3.9.9（标签/v3.9.9：CCB0E6A，2021，18：08：50）[MSC V.1929 64 BIT（AMD64）] 064BIT

＆lt; element'possedtdv'at 0x00000188cbbee900＆gt;
文字：270.095

完毕。