我喜欢在Ubuntu Server中求解Django WebServer收集错误

Question

我尝试将静态文件用于使用“ python manage.py collectstatic”，但它不起作用。 我在ubuntu 20.04.4中运行我的django项目，并使用nginx作为Web服务器，以及guicorn for wsgi Server。

这是我的错误日志，

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings.

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 18, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 446, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 440, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 414, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 460, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 209, in handle
    collected = self.collect()
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 135, in collect
    handler(path, prefixed_path, storage)
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 368, in copy_file
    if not self.delete_file(path, prefixed_path, source_storage):
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 278, in delete_file
    if self.storage.exists(prefixed_path):
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 362, in exists
    return os.path.lexists(self.path(name))
  File "/home/devadmin/venvs/bio_platform/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py", line 39, in path
    raise ImproperlyConfigured(
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.

我从Google找到了许多解决方案，我猜这是因为我没有正确设置static_root。

这是我的项目DIR结构和代码下面；

└── bio_platform
    ├── common
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── views.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── views.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   └── views.cpython-39.pyc
    │   ├── admin.py
    │   ├── apps.py
    │   ├── forms.py
    │   ├── migrations
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   └── __pycache__
    │   ├── models.py
    │   ├── tests.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── views.py
    ├── config
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── settings.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── settings.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── settings.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── wsgi.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── wsgi.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   └── wsgi.cpython-39.pyc
    │   ├── asgi.py
    │   ├── settings
    │   │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── base.py
    │   │   ├── local.py
    │   │   └── prod.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── wsgi.py
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── manage.py
    ├── node_modules
    │   └── bootstrap
    │       ├── LICENSE
    │       ├── README.md
    │       ├── dist
    │       ├── js
    │       ├── package.json
    │       └── scss
    ├── package-lock.json
    ├── pybo
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── admin.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── apps.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── forms.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── models.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-38.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-39.pyc
    │   │   └── views.cpython-310.pyc
    │   ├── admin.py
    │   ├── apps.py
    │   ├── forms.py
    │   ├── migrations
    │   │   ├── 0001_initial.py
    │   │   ├── 0002_question_author.py
    │   │   ├── 0003_answer_author.py
    │   │   ├── 0004_answer_modify_date_question_modify_date.py
    │   │   ├── 0005_comment.py
    │   │   ├── 0006_answer_voter_question_voter_alter_answer_author_and_more.py
    │   │   ├── 0007_auto_20220411_1325.py
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   └── __pycache__
    │   ├── models.py
    │   ├── templatetags
    │   │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   └── pybo_filter.py
    │   ├── tests.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── views
    │       ├── __pycache__
    │       ├── answer_views.py
    │       ├── base_views.py
    │       ├── comment_views.py
    │       ├── question_views.py
    │       └── vote_views.py
    ├── static
    │   ├── bootstrap.min.css
    │   ├── bootstrap.min.js
    │   ├── jquery-3.6.0.min.js
    │   └── style.css
    ├── templates
    │   ├── base.html
    │   ├── common
    │   │   ├── login.html
    │   │   └── signup.html
    │   ├── form_errors.html
    │   ├── navbar.html
    │   └── pybo
    │       ├── answer_form.html
    │       ├── comment_form.html
    │       ├── question_detail.html
    │       ├── question_form.html
    │       └── question_list.html
    └── winehq.key

您可能会注意到，我将设置文件划分为这样， 它是因为我想分别操作服务器开发环境和本地开发环境。

├── settings
    │   │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── base.py
    │   │   ├── local.py
    │   │   └── prod.py

这是我设置文件的完整代码 （我把像IP地址的私人零件清空了）。

base.py

"""
Django settings for config project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.0.3.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'blank' #private part

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['blank'] #private part


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'common.apps.CommonConfig',
    'pybo.apps.PyboConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'config.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'config.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'ko-kr'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Seoul'

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = 'static/'
#STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static')

STATICFILES_DIRS = [    
    BASE_DIR / 'static',
    ]

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = '/'
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = '/'

local.py

from .base import *

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

prod.py.py

from .base import *
import os

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['blank'] #private part
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
#STATIC_ROOT = BASE_DIR / 'static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = []
# concept addon

另外，这是我的bio_platform.service.service nignx服务器。

bio_platform.service

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name blank; #private part

    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    location /static {
        alias /home/devadmin/projects/bio_platform/static;
    }

    location / {
        include proxy_params;
        proxy_pass http://unix:/tmp/gunicorn.sock;
    }
}

我做了一些在Google和Stackoverflow中给出的解决方案，就像：

我尝试的

在prod.py上设置static_root和static_url 在base.py

上设置static_root和static_url

但如您所知，它不起作用，django.core.exceptions.improperlyconconfigured：您正在使用staticfiles应用程序，而无需将static_root设置设置为文件系统路径。<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<。 /代码>错误仍然存​​在。

知道，我不确定我应该在哪里设置static_root或static_url，staticfiles_dir。 请帮助我。

Answer 1

我确实在项目中找到了我的错。
问题是由带带来的Prod.py设置的路径设置引起的。

我在路径下制作了一个bio_platform.sh文件
〜/venvs/

，

#!/bin/bash

cd ~/projects/bio_paltform
export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=config.settings.prod
. ~/venvs/bio_paltform/bin/activate

因为你们可以看到我输入了bio_paltform。

因此，我将bio_paltform更改为bio_platform。

#!/bin/bash

cd ~/projects/bio_platform
export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=config.settings.prod
. ~/venvs/bio_platform/bin/activate

在我修改此文件后，python MASTY.PY COLLECTSTATIC订单是可行的。

$ python manage.py collectstatic

You have requested to collect static files at the destination
location as specified in your settings:

    /home/devadmin/projects/bio_platform/static

This will overwrite existing files!
Are you sure you want to do this?

Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to cancel: yes

128 static files copied to '/home/devadmin/projects/bio_platform/static'.