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通过使用bash添加值来重命名文件

发布于 2025-01-20 05:19:28 字数 242 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我有一系列在目录和子目录中具有相似扩展名的文件。我想为他们的Basename整数部分添加一个恒定的值。有什么方法可以使用bash？让我们以以下示例。

前： ../parentDirectory/directory/123-file.ext

在整数零件（123+20 = 143）添加20之后： ../parentDirectory/directory/143-file.ext

我假设需要一系列查找和重命名命令，但我不确定如何！

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撧情箌佬 2025-01-27 05:19:28

假设：

顶级目录是“ ParentDirectory”及其子目录
包含要重命名的文件。
文件具有扩展名为“ .ext”。
文件名从数字开始，不包含其他数字
在文件名的中间。

然后，您可以尝试bash脚本：

#!/bin/bash

find ParentDirectory -type f -name "*.ext" | while IFS= read -r path; do
    dir=${path%/*}              # extract the directory name
    fname=${path##*/}           # extract the file name
    num=${fname//[^0-9]/}       # number part of the file name
    remain=${fname//[0-9]/}     # remaining part of the file name
    (( num += 20 ))             # add 20 to the number
    newpath="$dir/$num$remain"  # compose the new filename
    if [[ -f $newpath ]]; then  # make sure the new filename doesn't duplicate
        echo "$newpath already exists. skip renaming."
    else
        echo mv -- "$path" "$newpath"
                                # print the mv command
    fi
done

它以干式运行输出mv命令。如果输出看起来不错，
drop echo在mv命令之前，然后再次运行。

正如Barmar建议的那样，如果Perl Rename命令可用，请尝试
相反：

shopt -s globstar
rename -n 's/\d+(?!.*\/)/amp; + 20/e' ParentDirectory/**/*.ext

REGEX \ d+（？！。它避免匹配目录名称中包含的数字。
e修改器在重命名命令的末尾告诉perl
评估替代$＆amp; + 20作为perl表达式
而不是字面的替代字符串。
parentdirectory/**/*。ext由于
shopt -s globstar选项。
-n选项仅在没有操作的情况下打印文件名。如果输出看起来不错，请删除-n。

请注意，有两种不同的重命名命令：“ Perl Rename”
并根据分布的不同，“非透支重命名”。您可以确定
通过查看MAN重命名来安装哪一个。如果是
包括perl的单词，它是Perl Rename命令。

Assuming:

The top directory is "ParentDirectory" and its subdirectories
contain the files to be renamed.
The files have extension ".ext".
The filenames start with the number and do not contain other numbers
in the middle of the filenames.

Then would you please try the bash script:

#!/bin/bash

find ParentDirectory -type f -name "*.ext" | while IFS= read -r path; do
    dir=${path%/*}              # extract the directory name
    fname=${path##*/}           # extract the file name
    num=${fname//[^0-9]/}       # number part of the file name
    remain=${fname//[0-9]/}     # remaining part of the file name
    (( num += 20 ))             # add 20 to the number
    newpath="$dir/$num$remain"  # compose the new filename
    if [[ -f $newpath ]]; then  # make sure the new filename doesn't duplicate
        echo "$newpath already exists. skip renaming."
    else
        echo mv -- "$path" "$newpath"
                                # print the mv command
    fi
done

It outputs the mv commands as a dry run. If the output looks good,
drop echo before mv command and run again.

As Barmar suggests, if perl rename command is available, please try
instead:

shopt -s globstar
rename -n 's/\d+(?!.*\/)/amp; + 20/e' ParentDirectory/**/*.ext

The regex \d+(?!.*\/) matches number not followed by a slash.
It avoids to match numbers included in the directory names.
The e modifier at the end of the rename command tells perl
to evaluate the substitution $& + 20 as a perl expression
rather than a literal substitution string.
ParentDirectory/**/*.ext is expanded recursively due to the
shopt -s globstar option.
The -n option just prints the filenames with no action. If the output looks good, drop -n.

Please note there are two different rename commands: "perl rename"
and "non-perl rename" depending on the distribution. You can determine
which one is installed by taking a look of man rename. If it
includes the word Perl, it is the perl rename command.

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