如何通过访问查询编写rank()分区？

Question

我需要编写一个排名查询，但我必须在访问时执行此操作。 如何翻译以下查询？

    PERIODO,
    SUM(IMP_ENTRATE_ATT) AS TOT_ENTRATE,
    RANK89 OVER(PARTITION BY PERIODO ORDER BY TOT_ENTRATE DESC)AS RANK
FROM ENTRATE
ORDER BY RANK ```


e.i.

COMPANY | MONTH | REVENUES
'''
 a               |  01          |   100
 b               |  02           |   55
 a               |  02           |   230
 c               |  03           |   25
 a               |  01           |   70
b                |  02          |   100
'''
I need to find the sum(revenues) per month per company

Answer 1

Access SQL 没有排名功能。您可以使用来自 GitHub 的我的函数 RowRank：VBA.RowNumbers：

' Returns, by the value of a field, the rank of one or more records of a table or query.
' Supports all five common ranking strategies (methods).
'
' Source:
'   WikiPedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranking
'
' Supports ranking of descending as well as ascending values.
' Any ranking will require one table scan only.
' For strategy Ordinal, a a second field with a subvalue must be used.
'
' Typical usage (table Products of Northwind sample database):
'
'   SELECT Products.*, RowRank("[Standard Cost]","[Products]",[Standard Cost]) AS Rank
'   FROM Products
'   ORDER BY Products.[Standard Cost] DESC;
'
' Typical usage for strategy Ordinal with a second field ([Product Code]) holding the subvalues:
'
'   SELECT Products.*, RowRank("[Standard Cost],[Product Code]","[Products]",[Standard Cost],[Product Code],2) AS Ordinal
'   FROM Products
'   ORDER BY Products.[Standard Cost] DESC;
'
' To obtain a rank, the first three parameters must be passed.
' Four parameters is required for strategy Ordinal to be returned properly.
' The remaining parameters are optional.
'
' The ranking will be cached until Order is changed or RowRank is called to clear the cache.
' To clear the cache, call RowRank with no parameters:
'
'   RowRank
'
' Parameters:
'
'   Expression: One field name for other strategies than Ordinal, two field names for this.
'   Domain:     Table or query name.
'   Value:      The values to rank.
'   SubValue:   The subvalues to rank when using strategy Ordinal.
'   Strategy:   Strategy for the ranking.
'   Order:      The order by which to rank the values (and subvalues).
'
' 2019-07-11. Gustav Brock, Cactus Data ApS, CPH.
'
Public Function RowRank( _
    Optional ByVal Expression As String, _
    Optional ByVal Domain As String, _
    Optional ByVal Value As Variant, _
    Optional ByVal SubValue As Variant, _
    Optional ByVal Strategy As ApRankingStrategy = ApRankingStrategy.apStandardCompetition, _
    Optional ByVal Order As ApRankingOrder = ApRankingOrder.apDescending) _
    As Double
    
    Const SqlMask1          As String = "Select Top 1 {0} From {1}"
    Const SqlMask           As String = "Select {0} From {1} Order By 1 {2}"
    Const SqlOrder          As String = ",{0} {1}"
    Const OrderAsc          As String = "Asc"
    Const OrderDesc         As String = "Desc"
    Const FirstStrategy     As Integer = ApRankingStrategy.apDense
    Const LastStrategy      As Integer = ApRankingStrategy.apFractional
    
    ' Expected error codes to accept.
    Const CannotAddKey      As Long = 457
    Const CannotFindKey     As Long = 5
    ' Uncommon character string to assemble Key and SubKey as a compound key.
    Const KeySeparator      As String = "¤§¤"
    
    ' Array of the collections for the five strategies.
    Static Ranks(FirstStrategy To LastStrategy) As Collection
    ' The last sort order used.
    Static LastOrder        As ApRankingOrder

    Dim Records             As DAO.Recordset
    
    ' Array to hold the rank for each strategy.
    Dim Rank(FirstStrategy To LastStrategy)     As Double
    
    Dim Item                As Integer
    Dim Sql                 As String
    Dim SortCount           As Integer
    Dim SortOrder           As String
    Dim LastKey             As String
    Dim Key                 As String
    Dim SubKey              As String
    Dim Dupes               As Integer
    Dim Delta               As Long
    Dim ThisStrategy        As ApRankingStrategy

    On Error GoTo Err_RowRank
    
    If Expression = "" Then
        ' Erase the collections of keys.
        For Item = LBound(Ranks) To UBound(Ranks)
            Set Ranks(Item) = Nothing
        Next
    Else
        If LastOrder <> Order Or Ranks(FirstStrategy) Is Nothing Then
            ' Initialize the collections and reset their ranks.
            For Item = LBound(Ranks) To UBound(Ranks)
                Set Ranks(Item) = New Collection
                Rank(Item) = 0
            Next
            
            ' Build order clause.
            Sql = Replace(Replace(SqlMask1, "{0}", Expression), "{1}", Domain)
            SortCount = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(Sql, dbReadOnly).Fields.Count
            
            If Order = ApRankingOrder.apDescending Then
                ' Descending sorting (default).
                SortOrder = OrderDesc
            Else
                ' Ascending sorting.
                SortOrder = OrderAsc
            End If
            LastOrder = Order
            
            ' Build SQL.
            Sql = Replace(Replace(Replace(SqlMask, "{0}", Expression), "{1}", Domain), "{2}", SortOrder)
            ' Add a second sort field, if present.
            If SortCount >= 2 Then
                Sql = Sql & Replace(Replace(SqlOrder, "{0}", 2), "{1}", SortOrder)
            End If

            ' Open ordered recordset.
            Set Records = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(Sql, dbReadOnly)
            ' Loop the recordset once while creating all the collections of ranks.
            While Not Records.EOF
                Key = CStr(Nz(Records.Fields(0).Value))
                SubKey = ""
                ' Create the sub key if a second field is present.
                If SortCount > 1 Then
                    SubKey = CStr(Nz(Records.Fields(1).Value))
                End If
                
                If LastKey <> Key Then
                    ' Add new entries.
                    For ThisStrategy = FirstStrategy To LastStrategy
                        Select Case ThisStrategy
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apDense
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apStandardCompetition
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1 + Dupes
                                Dupes = 0
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apModifiedCompetition
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apOrdinal
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1
                                ' Add entry using both Key and SubKey
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Add Rank(ThisStrategy), Key & KeySeparator & SubKey
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apFractional
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1 + Delta / 2
                                Delta = 0
                        End Select
                        If ThisStrategy = ApRankingStrategy.apOrdinal Then
                            ' Key with SubKey has been added above for this strategy.
                        Else
                            ' Add key for all other strategies.
                            Ranks(ThisStrategy).Add Rank(ThisStrategy), Key
                        End If
                    Next
                    LastKey = Key
                Else
                    ' Modify entries and/or counters for those strategies that require this for a repeated key.
                    For ThisStrategy = FirstStrategy To LastStrategy
                        Select Case ThisStrategy
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apDense
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apStandardCompetition
                                Dupes = Dupes + 1
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apModifiedCompetition
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Remove Key
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Add Rank(ThisStrategy), Key
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apOrdinal
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 1
                                ' Will fail for a repeated value of SubKey.
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Add Rank(ThisStrategy), Key & KeySeparator & SubKey
                            Case ApRankingStrategy.apFractional
                                Rank(ThisStrategy) = Rank(ThisStrategy) + 0.5
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Remove Key
                                Ranks(ThisStrategy).Add Rank(ThisStrategy), Key
                                Delta = Delta + 1
                        End Select
                    Next
                End If
                Records.MoveNext
            Wend
            Records.Close
        End If
        
        ' Retrieve the rank for the current strategy.
        If Strategy = ApRankingStrategy.apOrdinal Then
            ' Use both Value and SubValue.
            Key = CStr(Nz(Value)) & KeySeparator & CStr(Nz(SubValue))
        Else
            ' Use Value only.
            Key = CStr(Nz(Value))
        End If
        ' Will fail if key isn't present.
        Rank(Strategy) = Ranks(Strategy).Item(Key)
    End If
    
    RowRank = Rank(Strategy)
    
Exit_RowRank:
    Exit Function
    
Err_RowRank:
    Select Case Err
        Case CannotAddKey
            ' Key is present, thus cannot be added again.
            Resume Next
        Case CannotFindKey
            ' Key is not present, thus cannot be removed.
            Resume Next
        Case Else
            ' Some other error. Ignore.
            Resume Exit_RowRank
    End Select
    
End Function