创建一个依赖于另一个月份矩阵的随机日期矩阵

发布于 2025-01-18 23:04:44 字数 394 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我目前有可变的月份，其中：

months = randi(12,5,1);

这将创建一个 5x1 矩阵，其中包含代表月份的随机数 1-12（1 = 一月，2 = 二月等）

假设一个月只能有 31、30 或 28 天2 月，我如何创建第二个 5x1 矩阵，其中包含在相应月份内发生的随机日期？

举个例子，如果“月份”矩阵中第一个随机生成的数字是 2（代表二月，每月有 28 天），我如何创建第二个 5x1 矩阵，其中所有 5 个随机月份值 1-12 都被分配一个随机值基于相应月份的天数的数字？

我尝试在 for 循环中使用 for 循环来迭代第 2 列中的每个随机数 1-12，并根据该月的最大天数（2 月为 31、30 或 28）生成一个随机日期，但似乎没有去工作。

原文

I currently have the variable months where:

months = randi(12,5,1);

This creates a 5x1 matrix containing random numbers 1-12 which are representative of months (1 = January, 2 = February etc. )

Assuming a month can only have 31, 30 or 28 days in the case of February, how could I create a second 5x1 matrix in which contains a random date in which occurs within it's respective month?

As an example, if the first randomly generated number in the 'months' matrix is 2 (which represents February, with 28 days per month) how could i create a second 5x1 matrix where all 5 random month values 1-12 are assigned a random number based on the amount of days in it's respective month?

I have tried using a for loop inside a for loop to iterate down each random number 1-12 in column 2 and generate a random date based on it's maximum days in such month (31, 30 or 28 for Feb) but it does not seem to work.

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把梦留给海 2025-01-25 23:04:44

^{旁白：我选择避免使用 months 作为变量名称，因为它是内置函数的名称。}

首先值得注意的是，您可以使用 eomday 获取给定月份的天数。它需要一年（因为 2 月可能会有所不同），但如果您想始终假设 2 月有 28 天，您可以选择一个正确的年份，例如 2022 年。

>> maxd = eomday(2022,1:12)
maxd =
    31    28    31    30    31    30    31    31    30    31    30    31

您可以使用它来获取随机月份的最大天数

m = randi(12,5,1); % random months
maxd = eomday(2022,m); % maximum day number

然后为每个随机月份生成 1 到 maxd 之间的随机整数，

d = ceil( rand(size(m)) .* maxd );

我使用 ceil 向远离 0 的方向舍入，并与 rand 一起生成整数天而不是randi 无法接受我们需要的最大值数组。

因此，一旦您拥有月份数组（m），单行解决方案将是

d = ceil( rand(size(m)) .* eomday(2022,m) );

如果您出于某种原因（可能是性能）想避免eomday，那么您可以定义< code>maxd=eomday(2022,1:12) 并使用 m 对其进行索引应该以大致相同的方式工作。

^{Aside: I'm choosing to avoid months as a variable name because it is the name of an in-built function.}

First it's worth noting you can use eomday to get the number of days in a given month. It requires a year (since February can vary), but if you want to always assume Feb has 28 days you can just pick a year where that is true, like 2022.

>> maxd = eomday(2022,1:12)
maxd =
    31    28    31    30    31    30    31    31    30    31    30    31

You can use this to get the maximum day number for your random months

m = randi(12,5,1); % random months
maxd = eomday(2022,m); % maximum day number

Then generate random integers between 1 and maxd for each random month

d = ceil( rand(size(m)) .* maxd );

I'm using ceil to round up away from 0, together with rand to generate integer days instead of randi which can't accept the array of max values we need.

So a one-line solution once you have your array of months (m) would be

d = ceil( rand(size(m)) .* eomday(2022,m) );

If you wanted to avoid eomday for some reason (performance maybe) then you could define maxd=eomday(2022,1:12) and indexing into it using m should work in much the same way.

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