使用 dataframe.style 时从 .render() 切换到 .to_html() ，现在收到 TypeError: Cannot pickle 'module'目的

Question

创建数据框并设置其样式后，我最初会使用 .render() 将其转换为 html 字符串。但是，将其切换到 .to_html() 后，我收到类型错误。

在对我的数据框进行样式设计后，我将使用 .render() 将其转换为 html 字符串。但是，我收到一条警告消息：

FutureWarning: this method is deprecated in favour of `Styler.to_html()`
  return df_styled_without_date.render()

所以我将其切换为 .to_html() ，现在收到此错误：

File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\formats\style.py", line 1155, in to_html
    obj = self._copy(deepcopy=True)  # manipulate table_styles on obj, not self
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\formats\style.py", line 1388, in _copy
    setattr(styler, attr, copy.deepcopy(val) if deepcopy else val)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 205, in _deepcopy_list
    append(deepcopy(a, memo))
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 210, in _deepcopy_tuple
    y = [deepcopy(a, memo) for a in x]
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 210, in <listcomp>
    y = [deepcopy(a, memo) for a in x]
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 210, in _deepcopy_tuple
    y = [deepcopy(a, memo) for a in x]
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 210, in <listcomp>
    y = [deepcopy(a, memo) for a in x]
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 237, in _deepcopy_method
    return type(x)(x.__func__, deepcopy(x.__self__, memo))
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 172, in deepcopy
    y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 270, in _reconstruct
    state = deepcopy(state, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 230, in _deepcopy_dict
    y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 172, in deepcopy
    y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 270, in _reconstruct
    state = deepcopy(state, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 230, in _deepcopy_dict
    y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 172, in deepcopy
    y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 270, in _reconstruct
    state = deepcopy(state, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 230, in _deepcopy_dict
    y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 172, in deepcopy
    y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 270, in _reconstruct
    state = deepcopy(state, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 230, in _deepcopy_dict
    y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 172, in deepcopy
    y = _reconstruct(x, memo, *rv)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 270, in _reconstruct
    state = deepcopy(state, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 146, in deepcopy
    y = copier(x, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 230, in _deepcopy_dict
    y[deepcopy(key, memo)] = deepcopy(value, memo)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\copy.py", line 161, in deepcopy
    rv = reductor(4)
TypeError: cannot pickle 'module' object

任何人都可以帮忙吗？我被困住了。