Python 错误“dict”对象不可调用

Question

我是 python 新手，我有一个问题几天来都无法解决，而且我根本不明白错误是什么。 我正在编写一个基于Nmap程序和同名库的程序，其功能是扫描某些IP地址列表的开放端口。 我试图通过字典来实现这一点，当我在端口的静态变量上执行所有操作时，一切都很好，但是当程序扫描每个地址的端口时，在扫描周期的第二次迭代时会发出这样的错误。

'dict' object is not callable
File "C:\Users\Duoksi\Desktop\codes\python\NmapScanPy\test.py", line 47, in ScanPorts
    result = nmap.scan_command(ip, arg = attribute)

下面是功能代码。 您还可以使用以下命令安装库： pip install python3-nmap

import nmap3
def Portscan():
    nmap = nmap3.Nmap()
    attribute = "-p "
    port = input("Enter ports(ex. 80,443)\n")
    attribute += str(port)
    ipport = dict()
    IPrange = ['93.187.72.82', '93.187.72.94', '93.187.72.115', '93.187.72.241', '93.187.72.19', '93.187.72.59', '93.187.72.208', 
    '93.187.72.179', '93.187.72.24', '93.187.72.137', '93.187.72.136', '93.187.72.130']
    for ip in IPrange: 
        result = nmap.scan_command(ip, arg = attribute) 
        resultclean = re.findall('\'protocol\': \'\w+\', \'portid\': \'\w+\', \'state\': \'\w+\'', str(result))
        for res in resultclean:
            ipport.setdefault(ip, []).append(res)
    return ipport

我期望的输出： 输出图片

Answer 1

未修改的 scan_command 方法返回 xml.etree.ElementTree.Element 表示 XML 树的对象，如下所示：

<nmaprun scanner="nmap" args="/usr/bin/nmap -oX - -p 80 93.187.72.82" start="1648151628" startstr="Thu Mar 24 20:53:48 2022" version="7.80" xmloutputversion="1.04">
    <scaninfo type="connect" protocol="tcp" numservices="1" services="80" />
    <verbose level="0" />
    <debugging level="0" />
    <host starttime="1648151628" endtime="1648151629">
        <status state="up" reason="syn-ack" reason_ttl="0" />
        <address addr="93.187.72.82" addrtype="ipv4" />
        <hostnames>
        </hostnames>
        <ports>
            <port protocol="tcp" portid="80">
                <state state="open" reason="syn-ack" reason_ttl="0" />
                <service name="http" method="table" conf="3" />
            </port>
        </ports>
        <times srtt="64487" rttvar="50416" to="266151" />
    </host>
    <runstats>
        <finished time="1648151629" timestr="Thu Mar 24 20:53:49 2022" elapsed="1.28" summary="Nmap done at Thu Mar 24 20:53:49 2022; 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.28 seconds" exit="success" />
        <hosts up="1" down="0" total="1" />
    </runstats>
</nmaprun>

这是获取 protocol、portid 和其中的状态：（

import nmap3

IP_RANGE = [
    '93.187.72.82',  '93.187.72.94',  '93.187.72.115', '93.187.72.241', '93.187.72.19',  '93.187.72.59',
    '93.187.72.208', '93.187.72.179', '93.187.72.24',  '93.187.72.137', '93.187.72.136', '93.187.72.130',
]

def scan_one_ip(ip: str, port: str) -> list[str]:
    result = nmap3.Nmap().scan_command(ip, arg=f"-p {port}")
    port_element = result.find("./host/ports/port")
    return [
        port_element.get("protocol"),
        port_element.get("portid"),
        port_element.find("state").get("state"),
    ]

def scan_port(port: str) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
    return {ip: scan_one_ip(ip, port) for ip in IP_RANGE}


def main():
    port = input("Enter ports (ex. 80,443)\n")
    print(scan_port(port))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

也可在https://gist.githubusercontent.com/md2perpe/5cca3471e3f866e77915796197d1e070/raw/cfdab2d99926030a61201748b3ec2cbbc429b7cf/main.py）