无法通过 pip SSL 安装任何库：CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED

Question

因此，我花了几天时间尝试修复此错误，该错误不允许我使用 pip install 安装任何类型的库。我一直在寻找 3 个以上的 google 页面来寻找解决方案，但它们不起作用。

错误是：

yusepp@pop-os:~/Desktop$ pip install opencv-python
Collecting opencv-python
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
  WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)'))': /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an OSError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /packages/67/50/665a503167396ad347957bea0bd8d5c08c865030b2d1565ff06eba613780/opencv_python-4.5.5.64-cp36-abi3-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate (_ssl.c:1131)')))

我尝试：

• --trusted-host 或将它们添加到.pip/pip.conf` 文件中：这将错误更改为错误：这些包不匹配需求文件中的哈希值。我也尝试通过应用 --no-cache-dir 来修复此问题，但没有成功。

• 更改时区、更新时区、同步时区、尝试 utc 模式。

• 从 0 重新安装 python/conda。

• 重新安装 pip。

没什么作用。我使用的是 Pop!_OS 21.10，从未遇到过此错误。