同时启动线程并争论全局变量
我试图了解如何实现争论全局变量的线程。在我的实现中,我创建了 2 个变量,我想要 4 个线程(例如)通过递减来争议它。
第一个问题是我实现的消费方式始终遵循顺序(第一个线程减少片状冰淇淋,第二个线程减少巧克力冰淇淋)。
有什么办法可以改进这个规则吗?
我不想知道使用 CountDownLatch 的最佳位置在哪里
public class IceCream implements Runnable {
private static int flake = 1;
private static int chocolate = 1;
@Override
public void run() {
buyIceCream();
}
private void synchronized buyIceCream() {
try {
if(IceCream.flake>0) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("successfully purchased " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(200);
IceCream.flake--;
System.out.println("");
}
else if(IceCream.chocolate>0) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("successfully purchased " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(200);
IceCream.chocolate--;
System.out.println("");
}
else {
System.out.println("No more ice cream " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
catch(Exception e) {
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
IceCream c = new IceCream();
Thread[] t = new Thread[4];
for(int i = 0; i<t.length; i++) {
t[i] = new Thread(c);
t[i].setName("Kid"+ i);
t[i].start();
t[i].join();
}
}
I'm trying to understand how to implement Threads disputing global variables. In my implementation I created 2 variables and I want 4 Threds (e.g.) to dispute it by decrementing.
The first problem is that the way I implemented to consume will always follow an order (first Thread decrements the flake ice cream and the second Thread decrements the chocolate ice cream).
Is there any way to improve this rule?
And I wouldn't want to know what would be the best place to use CountDownLatch
public class IceCream implements Runnable {
private static int flake = 1;
private static int chocolate = 1;
@Override
public void run() {
buyIceCream();
}
private void synchronized buyIceCream() {
try {
if(IceCream.flake>0) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("successfully purchased " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(200);
IceCream.flake--;
System.out.println("");
}
else if(IceCream.chocolate>0) {
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("successfully purchased " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
Thread.sleep(200);
IceCream.chocolate--;
System.out.println("");
}
else {
System.out.println("No more ice cream " +Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
catch(Exception e) {
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
IceCream c = new IceCream();
Thread[] t = new Thread[4];
for(int i = 0; i<t.length; i++) {
t[i] = new Thread(c);
t[i].setName("Kid"+ i);
t[i].start();
t[i].join();
}
}
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这是一个错误:
join()
调用在线程结束之前不会返回,因此您的程序永远不会允许多个线程同时运行。您可以通过编写两个单独的循环来修复错误。第一个创建并启动所有线程,然后第二个连接所有线程。这是另一个错误:
将线程执行的所有操作包装在单个
synchronized
方法中是确保不允许两个线程同时运行的另一种方法。至少,您应该从
synchronized
块中删除sleep()
调用:我还移动了
System.out.println()
从synchronized
块中调用,因为我知道任何单个调用打印的字符都不会与来自不同线程的单个调用打印的字符交错。 (请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/9459743/801894)This is a mistake:
The
join()
call does not return until the thread has ended, so your program will never allow more than one thread to run at the same time. You can fix the mistake by writing two separate loops. The first one creates and starts all of the threads, and then the second one joins all of them.This is another mistake:
Wrapping everything that a thread does inside a single
synchronized
method is another way to ensure that no two of your threads will be allowed to run at the same time.At the very least, you should remove the
sleep()
calls from thesynchronized
block:I also moved the
System.out.println()
call out of thesynchronized
block because I know that the characters printed by any single call will not be interleaved with characters printed by a single call from a different thread. (See https://stackoverflow.com/a/9459743/801894)