正则表达式捕获可选字符

发布于 2025-01-14 21:07:09 字数 613 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我想从较长的字符串中提取基本字符串 (Wax) 或 (noWax)，如果该字符串是 Wax，则还可能包含之前和之后的任何数据。我无法匹配下面列表中的最后一项（noWax）。

任何人都可以展示他们的正则表达式肌肉吗？我对正则表达式相当陌生，因此只要找到下面的所有匹配项，就欢迎提供优化建议。

我在 Regex101 中使用的内容：

/(?<Wax>Wax(?:Only|-?\d+))/mg

原始字符串	需要在捕获组中提取
Loc3_341001_WaxOnly_S212	WaxOnly
Loc4_34412-a_Wax4_S231	Wax4
Loc3a_231121-a_Wax-4-S451	Wax-4
Loc3_34112_noWax_S311	noWax

原文

I want to pull out a base string (Wax) or (noWax) from a longer string, along with potentially any data before and after if the string is Wax. I'm having trouble getting the last item in my list below (noWax) to match.

Can anyone flex their regex muscles? I'm fairly new to regex so advice on optimization is welcome as long as all matches below are found.

What I'm working with in Regex101:

/(?<Wax>Wax(?:Only|-?\d+))/mg

Original string	need to extract in a capturing group
Loc3_341001_WaxOnly_S212	WaxOnly
Loc4_34412-a_Wax4_S231	Wax4
Loc3a_231121-a_Wax-4-S451	Wax-4
Loc3_34112_noWax_S311	noWax

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无所谓啦 2025-01-21 21:07:09

这是一种方法，使用条件：

(?<Wax>(no)?Wax(?(2)|(?:Only|-?\d+)))

请参阅在线 < a href="https://regex101.com/r/XqLWv1/1" rel="nofollow noreferrer">演示。

（否）？：可选捕获组。
(? 如果。
- (2)：测试捕获组 2 是否存在 ((no))。如果是这样，则什么也不做。
- |：或者。
- (?:仅|-?\d+)

Here is one way to do so, using a conditional:

(?<Wax>(no)?Wax(?(2)|(?:Only|-?\d+)))

See the online demo.

(no)?: Optional capture group.
(? If.
- (2): Test if capture group 2 exists ((no)). If it does, do nothing.
- |: Or.
- (?:Only|-?\d+)

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爱的十字路口 2025-01-21 21:07:09

我认为需要以下匹配。

匹配项必须包含 'Wax'
'Wax' 前面应有 '_' 或 '_no' >。如果后面的'no'包含在匹配中。
'Wax' 后面可能跟着：
- 'Only' 后跟 '_'，在这种情况下，'Only' 是匹配的一部分，或者
- 一个或多个数字，后跟 '_'，在这种情况下，这些数字是匹配的一部分，或者
- '-' 后跟一个或多个数字，然后是 '-'，在这种情况下
  '-' 后跟一个或多个数字是匹配的一部分。

如果这些假设正确，则可以将字符串与以下正则表达式进行匹配：

(?<=_)(?:(?:no)?Wax(?:(?:Only|\d+)?(?=_)|\-\d+(?=-)))

Demo

正则表达式可以细分如下。

(?<=_)            # positive lookbehind asserts previous character is '_'
(?:               # begin non-capture group
  (?:no)?         # optionally match 'no'
  Wax             # match literal
  (?:             # begin non-capture group
    (?:Only|\d+)? # optionally match 'Only' or >=1 digits
    (?=_)         # positive lookahead asserts next character is '_'
    |             # or
    \-\d+         # match '-' followed by >= 1 digits
    (?=-)         # positive lookahead asserts next character is '-'
  )               # end non-capture group
)                 # end non-capture group

I assume the following match is desired.

the match must include 'Wax'
'Wax' is to be preceded by '_' or by '_no'. If the latter 'no' is included in the match.
'Wax' may be followed by:
- 'Only' followed by '_', in which case 'Only' is part of the match, or
- one or more digits, followed by '_', in which case the digits are part of the match, or
- '-' followed by one or more digits, followed by '-', in which case
  '-' followed by one or more digits is part of the match.

If these assumptions are correct the string can be matched against the following regular expression:

(?<=_)(?:(?:no)?Wax(?:(?:Only|\d+)?(?=_)|\-\d+(?=-)))

Demo

The regular expression can be broken down as follows.

(?<=_)            # positive lookbehind asserts previous character is '_'
(?:               # begin non-capture group
  (?:no)?         # optionally match 'no'
  Wax             # match literal
  (?:             # begin non-capture group
    (?:Only|\d+)? # optionally match 'Only' or >=1 digits
    (?=_)         # positive lookahead asserts next character is '_'
    |             # or
    \-\d+         # match '-' followed by >= 1 digits
    (?=-)         # positive lookahead asserts next character is '-'
  )               # end non-capture group
)                 # end non-capture group

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