如何从 django API 返回保存在 mongodb 中的文件?
我正在努力返回一个文件,例如上传到 mongodb 的 pdf。 我可以将文件上传到数据库,但无法再次检索该文件。 我的端点(视图)应该如何返回文件? 我正在使用 django Rest Framework v3.12.4 和 djongo v1.3.6。我使用 drf-yasg v1.20.0 作为 API 文档。 这是我的设置,models.py、serializers.py、views.py 和 urls.py:
# app settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'djongo',
'NAME': 'TAST_DB2',
'CLIENT': {
'host': 'localhost',
'port': 27017,
'username': 'root',
'password': 'reallychangeme', # :-)
'authSource': 'admin',
'authMechanism': 'SCRAM-SHA-1'
}
}
}
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'mongo_storage.storage.GridFSStorage'
GRIDFS_DATABASE = 'myfiles'
BASE_URL = 'http://localhost:8085/'
UPLOADED_FILES_USE_URL = True
# models.py
from django.db import models
from djongo.storage import GridFSStorage
grid_fs_storage = GridFSStorage(collection='myfiles', base_url=''.join([settings.BASE_URL, 'myfiles/']))
class TestStandardFile(models.Model):
myfile = models.FileField(upload_to='teststandards1', storage=grid_fs_storage)
# serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from teststandards.models import TestStandardFile
class TestStandardFileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = TestStandardFile
fields = '__all__'
# views.py
from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView
from .models import TestStandard
from .serializers import TestStandardFileSerializer
from rest_framework.parsers import MultiPartParser
# used for the upload
class FileView(ListCreateAPIView):
parser_classes = ( MultiPartParser,)
serializer_class = TestStandardFileSerializer
queryset = TestStandardFile.objects.all()
<---------- !ENDPOINT FOR FILE RETRIEVAL MISSING HERE???
# urls.py
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^api/teststandards/file', api.FileView.as_view(), name='teststandard-file'),
re_path(r'^myfiles/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)$', api.myfiles.as_view(), name='get-file'),
]
我可以看到我的文件已使用 mongodb compass 正确上传到 mongodb。 其中包含三个集合:
- TAST_DB2.teststandardsFiles
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.files
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.chunks
我假设我需要一个端点来返回文件作为响应。 我试图覆盖“myfiles”端点的“get”功能。但我不知道 如何从请求的文件中获取文件句柄。我不知道如何 将文件作为 HttpResponse 返回。
任何帮助表示赞赏!
I am struggeling to return a file e.g. a pdf which was uploaded to a mongodb.
I am able to upload a file to the database but I am not able to retrieve the file again.
How shoud my endpoint (view) look like to return the file?
I am using django rest framework v3.12.4 with djongo v1.3.6. I use drf-yasg v1.20.0 for the documentation of the API.
Here are my settings, models.py, serializers.py, views.py and urls.py:
# app settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'djongo',
'NAME': 'TAST_DB2',
'CLIENT': {
'host': 'localhost',
'port': 27017,
'username': 'root',
'password': 'reallychangeme', # :-)
'authSource': 'admin',
'authMechanism': 'SCRAM-SHA-1'
}
}
}
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'mongo_storage.storage.GridFSStorage'
GRIDFS_DATABASE = 'myfiles'
BASE_URL = 'http://localhost:8085/'
UPLOADED_FILES_USE_URL = True
# models.py
from django.db import models
from djongo.storage import GridFSStorage
grid_fs_storage = GridFSStorage(collection='myfiles', base_url=''.join([settings.BASE_URL, 'myfiles/']))
class TestStandardFile(models.Model):
myfile = models.FileField(upload_to='teststandards1', storage=grid_fs_storage)
# serializers.py
from rest_framework import serializers
from teststandards.models import TestStandardFile
class TestStandardFileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = TestStandardFile
fields = '__all__'
# views.py
from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView
from .models import TestStandard
from .serializers import TestStandardFileSerializer
from rest_framework.parsers import MultiPartParser
# used for the upload
class FileView(ListCreateAPIView):
parser_classes = ( MultiPartParser,)
serializer_class = TestStandardFileSerializer
queryset = TestStandardFile.objects.all()
<---------- !ENDPOINT FOR FILE RETRIEVAL MISSING HERE???
# urls.py
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'^api/teststandards/file', api.FileView.as_view(), name='teststandard-file'),
re_path(r'^myfiles/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)
I can see my file properly uploaded to mongodb with mongodb compass.
There are three collections in it:
- TAST_DB2.teststandardsFiles
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.files
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.chunks
I assume that I need an endpoint which gives the file back as a response.
I tried to overwrite the 'get'-function of my 'myfiles' endpoint. But I don't know
how to get the file handle from the requested file. And I do not know how to
return the file as a HttpResponse.
Any help is appreciated!
, api.myfiles.as_view(), name='get-file'),
]
I can see my file properly uploaded to mongodb with mongodb compass.
There are three collections in it:
- TAST_DB2.teststandardsFiles
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.files
- TAST_DB2.myfiles.teststandards1.chunks
I assume that I need an endpoint which gives the file back as a response.
I tried to overwrite the 'get'-function of my 'myfiles' endpoint. But I don't know
how to get the file handle from the requested file. And I do not know how to
return the file as a HttpResponse.
Any help is appreciated!
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我终于让它发挥作用了。我创建了一个 RetrieveAPIView 来检索一个条目并覆盖了检索函数。这就是我的views.py 的样子:
“myfile”是我的模型中FileField 的名称。使用 drf_spectaulous 作为 swagger 文档。这为文件检索生成了一个很好的下载按钮。它在测试上传/下载功能期间提供了很大帮助。
I finally got it to work. I created an RetrieveAPIView for the retrieval of one entry and overwrote the retrieve function. THis is how my views.py looked like:
"myfile" is the name of the FileField from my model. With using drf_spectacular for the swagger documentation. This generated a nice download button for the file retrieval. It helped a lot during testing the upload / download functionality.