Raylib X 碰撞响应无法正常工作

Question

我一直在用 C 和 Raylib 制作游戏，并且我已经成功地使 Y 轴上的碰撞起作用，但 X 轴上却不起作用。这就是当玩家落在顶部时发生的情况 游戏中的矩形：

我已尝试以各种可能的方式调整碰撞，但仍然无法正常工作。我希望玩家能够在方块顶部自由移动，并且当玩家从方块上掉下来时，能够滑下方块但不能穿过它，就像普通的实心平台方块一样。目前，玩家卡在方块的边缘（如图所示）并向下滑动。每当玩家试图降落在方块顶部时，玩家就会被传送到角落（如图所示）。

这是我的碰撞代码：

        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BUILDINGS; i++) {
            if (CheckCollisionRecs(playerArea, buildings[i])) {
                DrawText("Collided", 10, 10, 25, BLACK);
            
                //Y COLLISIONS
                if (player.vel.y > 0) {
                    player.pos.y = buildings[i].y - player.height;
                    player.vel.y = 0;
                    player.acc.y = 0;
                    player.canJump = true;
                }

                //X COLLISIONS
                if (player.vel.x < 0) { // If the player moved left and collided with the right side of block
                        player.pos.x = buildings[i].x + buildings[i].width;
                    } else { // If the player moved right and collided with the left side of block
                        player.pos.x = buildings[i].x - player.width;
                    }
                    player.vel.x = 0;
            }
        }

我只是循环遍历一个称为建筑物的矩形数组，然后使用 buildings[i] 检查所有矩形的碰撞。

如果需要的话，这是我的完整代码：

#include "raylib.h"

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#define MAX_BUILDINGS 100



int main(void) {

    const int screenWidth = 1600;
    const int screenHeight = 1000;

    InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "Window Title");

    /*---STRUCTS---*/
    typedef struct {
        int FPS;
        int frames;
    } Window;

    Window window = {
        .FPS = 60,
        .frames = 0,
    };

    Rectangle buildings[MAX_BUILDINGS] = { 0 };
    Color buildColors[MAX_BUILDINGS] = { 0 };
    int buildRotation[MAX_BUILDINGS] = { 0 };

    /*---BUILDINGS---*/
    int spacing = screenWidth/2;

    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BUILDINGS; i++) {
        buildings[i].width = (float)GetRandomValue(750, 1000);
        buildings[i].height = screenHeight*2;
        buildings[i].y = (float)GetRandomValue(200, 500);
        buildings[i].x = spacing;

        spacing += (int)buildings[i].width + GetRandomValue(250, 500);

        buildColors[i] = BLUE;
        buildRotation[i] = 0;

    }

    typedef struct {
        float width;
        float height;
        Vector2 pos;
        Vector2 vel;
        Vector2 acc;

        double accSpeed;
        int maxVel;
        double friction;
        double rotation;
        double scale;

        float jumpForce;
        float gravity;
        bool canJump;
    } Player;

    Player player = {
        .width = 50,
        .height = 100,
        .pos = {buildings[0].x + buildings[0].width/2 - player.width/2, buildings[0].y - player.height},
        .vel = {0, 0},
        .acc = {0, 0},

        .accSpeed = 0.15,
        .maxVel = 7,
        .friction = 0.2,
        .rotation = 0,
        .scale = 0.5,

        .jumpForce = 20,
        .gravity = 0.5,
        .canJump = true,
    };

   typedef struct {
        float x;
        float y;
        int speed;
    } Camera;

    Camera cameraPos = {
        .x = screenWidth/2,
        .y = screenHeight/2,
        .speed = 5,
    };

    Camera2D camera = { 0 };
    camera.target = (Vector2) {cameraPos.x, cameraPos.y};
    camera.offset = (Vector2) {screenWidth/2, screenHeight/2};
    camera.rotation = 0.0f;
    camera.zoom = 1.0f;


    SetTargetFPS(window.FPS);

    Rectangle playerArea;

    /*---MAIN GAME LOOP---*/
    while (!WindowShouldClose()) {
        window.frames++;
        // Update
        if (window.frames >= 3*window.FPS) {
            camera.target.x += cameraPos.speed;
            camera.target.y = player.pos.y;
        }
        playerArea = (Rectangle) {    
            player.pos.x,                
            player.pos.y,                
            player.width,  
            player.height,
        };   
        //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // TODO: Update your variables here

        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BUILDINGS; i++) {
            if (CheckCollisionRecs(playerArea, buildings[i])) {
                DrawText("Collided", 10, 10, 25, BLACK);
            
                //Y COLLISIONS
                if (player.vel.y > 0) {
                    player.pos.y = buildings[i].y - player.height;
                    player.vel.y = 0;
                    player.acc.y = 0;
                    player.canJump = true;
                }

                //X COLLISIONS
                if (player.vel.x < 0) { // If the player moved left and collided with the right side of block
                        player.pos.x = buildings[i].x + buildings[i].width;
                    } else { // If the player moved right and collided with the left side of block
                        player.pos.x = buildings[i].x - player.width;
                    }
                    player.vel.x = 0;
            }
        }

        if (IsKeyDown(KEY_LEFT) && player.vel.x > -player.maxVel) {
            player.acc.x = -player.accSpeed;
        } else if (IsKeyDown(KEY_RIGHT) && player.vel.x < player.maxVel) {
            player.acc.x = player.accSpeed;
        } else if (abs(player.vel.x) > 0.2) {
            if (player.vel.x < 0) {
                player.acc.x = player.friction;
            } else {
                player.acc.x = -player.friction;
            }
        } else {
            player.vel.x = 0;
            player.acc.x = 0;
        }
        player.vel.x += player.acc.x;
        player.pos.x += player.vel.x;

            if (IsKeyPressed(KEY_UP) && player.vel.y == 0 && player.acc.y == 0 && player.canJump) {
                player.canJump = false;
                player.vel.y = -player.jumpForce;
            }
        player.acc.y += player.gravity;
        player.vel.y += player.acc.y;
        player.pos.y += player.vel.y;
        player.acc.y = 0;
        //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

        // Draw
        //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        BeginDrawing();
            ClearBackground(RAYWHITE); 

            BeginMode2D(camera);  
            for (int i = 0; i < MAX_BUILDINGS; i++) {
                DrawRectanglePro(buildings[i], (Vector2) {0, 0}, buildRotation[i], buildColors[i]);
            }
            DrawRectangle(player.pos.x, player.pos.y, player.width, player.height, RED); 
            EndMode2D();

        EndDrawing();
        //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    }

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    CloseWindow();        // Close window and OpenGL context
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    return 0;
}

因此，有人可以告诉我为什么 X 轴的碰撞被破坏吗？是因为我的代码检测到碰撞的顺序吗？我的碰撞逻辑坏了吗？

感谢您的任何帮助。

Answer 1

好的，现在是一些基础知识时间了。这里你需要一些数学知识，但在本例中你试图在两个矩形之间进行碰撞。它们的公式是
<代码>rec1.x < (rec2.x + rec2.width) 和相反的 rec2.x < （rec1.x + rec1.width）。要获得 Y 碰撞，您只需执行以下操作 rec1.y < (rec2.y + rec2.height) 和 rec2.y < （rec1.y + rec1.height）。在这个解释之后，您应该得到以下内容：

if(rec1.x < (rec2.x + rec2.width) && rec2.x < (rec1.x + rec1.width) &&
rec1.y < (rec2.y + rec2.height) && rec2.y < (rec1.y + rec1.height)) collision = true;

当我们知道两个轴都有主动碰撞后，一切都变得简单了。

注意：根据我的个人经验，我创建了一个包含所有必要变量的结构。

typedef struct GameObject {
    Vector2 position;       // Vector2 contains both X and Y positions
    Vector2 speed;          // Used for speed, can be used in both X and Y axis
    float scale;            // GameObject scale
    Texture2D texture;      // GameOobject texture
    bool canCollide;        //Check if you can collide with a GameObject
    bool hasCollided;       //Check if the GameObject has already collided with something
           
} GameObject;

另外，请记住，我使用纹理而不是矩形，但我将游戏对象表示为矩形，因此它基本上是相同的。

希望这对您有所帮助并祝您一切顺利！