如何使用用户定义的函数（如“富有成果”）来缩短这个 Python 程序？功能

Question

我是编程新手，我试图使用用户定义的函数来缩短程序的一部分，但我有点迷失了。如何使用用户定义的函数缩短此过程或使其更有效？

import math


while True:
    print('#####################')
    print('# GEOMETRIC OBJECTS #')
    print('#####################')
    print('[1] Circle')
    print('[2] Triangle')
    print('[3] Rectangle')
    print('[4] Cone')
    print('[5] Triangular Pyramid')
    print('[6] Pyramid')
    print('[7] Exit')

    option = input('Option: ')

    if option == '7':
        print('You have exited.')
        exit()
        
    if option == '1': #Circle Geometric Object
        print('You have chosen circle.')
        print('')
        print('================')
        print('     CIRCLE     ')
        print('================')
        print('[1] Enter the length of the radius')
        print('[2] Area')
        print('[3] Circumference')
        print('[4] Back to main menu')

        optionCircle = input('Option: ')
        
        if optionCircle == '4':
            continue
        
        if optionCircle == '1':
            print('Enter the length of the radius.')

            Rad = float(input('> Radius: '))
            
        while True:
            
            print('')
            print('================')
            print('     CIRCLE     ')
            print('================')
            print('[1] Enter the length of the radius')
            print('[2] Area')
            print('[3] Circumference')
            print('[4] Back to main menu')
            
            optionRadius = input('Option: ')
        
            if optionRadius == '2':
                area = math.pi * Rad * Rad
                print('')
                print('> The area of the circle with a radius of ' + str(Rad) + ' is ' + str(area))
            
            elif optionRadius == '3':
                circum = 2 * math.pi * Rad
                print('')
                print('> The circumference of the circle with a radius of ' + str(Rad) + ' is ' + str(circum))
            
            else:
                break

Answer 1

一个非常简单的例子是这段代码，您已经重复了两次：

            print('')
            print('================')
            print('     CIRCLE     ')
            print('================')
            print('[1] Enter the length of the radius')
            print('[2] Area')
            print('[3] Circumference')
            print('[4] Back to main menu')
            
            optionRadius = input('Option: ')

您可以将其转换为一个函数：

def circle_menu() -> str:
    """Show the menu for a circle, return selection."""
    print('')
    print('================')
    print('     CIRCLE     ')
    print('================')
    print('[1] Enter the length of the radius')
    print('[2] Area')
    print('[3] Circumference')
    print('[4] Back to main menu')
            
    return input('Option: ')

然后将复制并粘贴上述代码的两个位置替换为：

    optionRadius = circle_menu()

更进一步 - - 假设你有很多这样的菜单，而且它们都做同样的事情？您可以定义一个通用的 menu 函数，并根据该函数定义所有其他菜单：

def menu(title: str, options: list[str]) -> str:
    """Display a menu, return selection."""
    # Show the title with marquee around it.
    title_width = max(16, len(title))
    print('=' * title_width)
    print(title.center(title_width))
    print('=' * title_width)

    # Show all the options, numbered starting at 1.
    for i, option in enumerate(options, 1):
        print(f'[{i}] {option}')

    return input('Option: ')


def circle_menu() -> str:
    """Menu for a circle."""
    return menu(
        "CIRCLE", [
            'Enter the length of the radius',
            'Area',
            'Circumference',
            'Back to menu menu'
        ]
    )