在多个线程中使用锁以及锁对象的存储副本
我正在尝试将锁与传递到工作线程的共享对象一起使用。在下面的代码中,如果我在 Worker 的 Execute 方法中传入syncLock对象,则一切正常。
但是,如果我在 Worker 类中存储syncLock 对象的本地副本,它就不起作用。
显然,当我执行“_syncLock =syncLock;”时分配,我得到一个新对象,而不是对共享syncLock对象的引用。所以我最终每个线程现在都有自己的同步锁而不是共享对象。
有没有办法存储对共享对象的本地引用?我认为对象赋值在 C# 中始终是“引用”?
Worker.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Worker
{
int _ID;
string _Request;
object _syncLock;
MyCache _TheCache;
public Worker(int ID, string Request, ref object syncLock, ref MyCache TheCache)
{
_ID = ID;
_Request = Request;
_syncLock = syncLock;
_TheCache = TheCache;
}
public void Execute()
{
lock (_syncLock)
{
if (_TheCache == null)
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
_TheCache = new MyCache();
_TheCache.LoadCache();
Console.WriteLine("thread {0}: created and loaded the cache", _ID);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("thread {0}: using the existing cache", _ID);
Console.WriteLine("TheCache.MyCacheValue {0}", _TheCache.MyCacheValue);
Console.WriteLine("TheCache.CacheTimeStamp {0}", _TheCache.CacheTimeStamp);
}
}
Console.WriteLine("worker DoSomething: {0}", _Request);
}
}
}
Main.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Main
{
public MyCache TheCache = null;
public object syncLock = new object();
public void Execute()
{
List<Task> TaskList = new List<Task>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
Task _Task = new Task(() => DoSomething(i, "test"));
_Task.Start();
Console.WriteLine("started Thread={0} at {1}", _Task.Id, DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss.fff tt"));
}
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to quit the program");
while (Console.ReadKey().KeyChar == 0) ;
}
void DoSomething(int ID, string Request)
{
Worker worker = new Worker(ID, Request, ref syncLock, ref TheCache);
worker.Execute();
}
}
}
MyCache.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class MyCache
{
public int MyCacheValue;
public DateTime CacheTimeStamp;
public MyCache()
{
}
public void LoadCache()
{
MyCacheValue = 1;
CacheTimeStamp = DateTime.Now;
}
}
}
Program.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Main main = new Main();
main.Execute();
}
}
}
I am trying to use lock with a shared object which I pass into my worker thread. In the code below, if I pass in the syncLock object in the Execute method of Worker, everything works fine.
However, if I store a local copy of the syncLock object in my Worker class, it does not work.
Obviously when I'm doing the "_syncLock = syncLock;" assignment, instead of having a reference to the shared syncLock object, I'm getting a new object. So I end up with each thread having it's own syncLock now instead of the shared object.
Is there way to store a local reference to the shared object? I thought that an object assignment is always a "reference" in C#?
Worker.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Worker
{
int _ID;
string _Request;
object _syncLock;
MyCache _TheCache;
public Worker(int ID, string Request, ref object syncLock, ref MyCache TheCache)
{
_ID = ID;
_Request = Request;
_syncLock = syncLock;
_TheCache = TheCache;
}
public void Execute()
{
lock (_syncLock)
{
if (_TheCache == null)
{
Thread.Sleep(2000);
_TheCache = new MyCache();
_TheCache.LoadCache();
Console.WriteLine("thread {0}: created and loaded the cache", _ID);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("thread {0}: using the existing cache", _ID);
Console.WriteLine("TheCache.MyCacheValue {0}", _TheCache.MyCacheValue);
Console.WriteLine("TheCache.CacheTimeStamp {0}", _TheCache.CacheTimeStamp);
}
}
Console.WriteLine("worker DoSomething: {0}", _Request);
}
}
}
Main.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Main
{
public MyCache TheCache = null;
public object syncLock = new object();
public void Execute()
{
List<Task> TaskList = new List<Task>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
Task _Task = new Task(() => DoSomething(i, "test"));
_Task.Start();
Console.WriteLine("started Thread={0} at {1}", _Task.Id, DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss.fff tt"));
}
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to quit the program");
while (Console.ReadKey().KeyChar == 0) ;
}
void DoSomething(int ID, string Request)
{
Worker worker = new Worker(ID, Request, ref syncLock, ref TheCache);
worker.Execute();
}
}
}
MyCache.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class MyCache
{
public int MyCacheValue;
public DateTime CacheTimeStamp;
public MyCache()
{
}
public void LoadCache()
{
MyCacheValue = 1;
CacheTimeStamp = DateTime.Now;
}
}
}
Program.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace CacheConcurrency
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Main main = new Main();
main.Execute();
}
}
}
如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

绑定邮箱获取回复消息
由于您还没有绑定你的真实邮箱,如果其他用户或者作者回复了您的评论,将不能在第一时间通知您!
发布评论
评论(1)
我解决了这个问题,感谢让我走上正轨的评论。特别感谢 MickyD,他对需要线程安全的代码进行了评论,这让我找到了答案。
事实证明,我在 Execute 函数中正确地使用了锁进行了保护,但是在我的构造函数中,我仍然在没有锁的情况下引用共享 Cache 对象,这不是线程安全的,并且会导致竞争条件。
解决方法是将构造函数调用和执行都放在关键部分/锁定块内,如下所示:
这也简化了工作代码,避免了存储syncLock对象的本地引用并在其中执行锁定的需要。
我也同意 MickyD 的其他评论,即应该重新编写此代码以使用 async/await,而不是在工作线程内使用缓存等。我们使用此代码库的寿命是有问题的,因此投资技术债务是不确定的眼下。
I worked out the problem, thanks for the comments who got me on the right track. In particular, thanks to MickyD who commented on the code needing to be thread-safe which led me to the answer.
It turns out that I was protecting with lock correctly in my Execute function, however in my constructor I was still referencing the shared Cache object without a lock, which was not thread-safe and causing a race condition.
The fix is to put both the constructor call and the Execute inside the critical section/lock block like so:
This also simplifies the worker code, avoiding the need to store a local reference of the syncLock object and doing a lock in there.
I also agree with MickyD's other comments that this code should be re-written to use async/await, not have a cache inside the worker etc. The longevity of us using this code base is in question, so investing in the tech debt is uncertain at the moment.