如何保留自定义对象列表的回收视图的状态?
主要目标:-
我有一份体育新闻列表。每个项目都包含一个运动名称和一些信息。单击它将显示有关该特定运动的最新新闻。如果用户不希望新闻出现在列表中,则可以选择滑动以忽略新闻,或者也可以拖放新闻,例如,如果他们想在其他新闻之上查看某些新闻。 列表中的每个项目都以编程方式表示为 Sport.java 对象。
我想在设备方向更改时保留列表的状态。
我尝试过的:-
对于列表,我有一个运动对象的数组列表(ArrayList)。我了解到,要保存自定义对象列表,这些对象本身需要可打包。为此,我实现了 Parcelable.java 接口,如下所示:
package com.example.android.materialme;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
/**
* Data model for each row of the RecyclerView.
*/
class Sport implements Parcelable {
//Member variables representing the title and information about the sport
private String title;
private String info;
private String detail;
private final int imageResource;
/**
* Constructor for the Sport data model
* @param title The name if the sport.
* @param info Information about the sport.
*/
Sport(String title, String info, String detail, int imageResource) {
this.title = title;
this.info = info;
this.detail = detail;
this.imageResource = imageResource;
}
protected Sport(@NonNull Parcel in) {
title = in.readString();
info = in.readString();
detail = in.readString();
imageResource = in.readInt();
}
public static final Creator<Sport> CREATOR = new Creator<Sport>() {
@Override
public Sport createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
return new Sport(in);
}
@Override
public Sport[] newArray(int size) {
return new Sport[size];
}
};
String getTitle() {
return title;
}
String getInfo() {
return info;
}
int getImageResource(){
return imageResource;
}
String getDetail(){
return detail;
}
@Override
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int i) {
parcel.writeString(title);
parcel.writeString(info);
parcel.writeString(detail);
parcel.writeInt(imageResource);
}
}
然后我使用了,
outState.putParcelableArrayList(KEY, sportsList);
但是,这不起作用。旋转设备时屏幕只是空白。
我尝试调试应用程序,发现数组列表已正确传递,数据完好无损,只是应用程序由于某种原因无法显示它。
此外,fab 按钮的实现是在单击时将整个列表重置为其初始状态。 fab 正常工作,但如果方向改变一次,它就会停止工作(应用程序不会崩溃)。改变方向也不能修复晶圆厂。因此,要再次获取列表以进行任何其他测试,我必须重新运行整个应用程序。
完整代码:-
MainActivity.java
package com.example.android.materialme;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.ItemTouchHelper;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//Member variables
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private ArrayList<Sport> mSportsData;
private SportsAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);
fab.setOnClickListener(view -> resetSports());
//Initialize the RecyclerView
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
//Set the Layout Manager
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
//Initialize the ArrayLIst that will contain the data
mSportsData = new ArrayList<>();
//Initialize the adapter and set it ot the RecyclerView
mAdapter = new SportsAdapter(this, mSportsData);
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
initializeData(savedInstanceState);
ItemTouchHelper helper = new ItemTouchHelper(new ItemTouchHelper.SimpleCallback(
ItemTouchHelper.LEFT | ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT | ItemTouchHelper.UP | ItemTouchHelper.DOWN,
ItemTouchHelper.LEFT | ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT) {
@Override
public boolean onMove(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder target) {
int from = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();
int to = target.getAdapterPosition();
Collections.swap(mSportsData, from, to);
mAdapter.notifyItemMoved(from, to);
return true;
}
@Override
public void onSwiped(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int direction) {
mSportsData.remove(viewHolder.getAdapterPosition());
mAdapter.notifyItemRemoved(viewHolder.getAdapterPosition());
}
});
helper.attachToRecyclerView(mRecyclerView);
}
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(@NonNull Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putParcelableArrayList("state", mSportsData);
}
/**
* Method for initializing the sports data from resources.
*/
private void initializeData(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if(savedInstanceState!=null){
mSportsData.clear();
mSportsData = savedInstanceState.getParcelableArrayList("state");
} else {
//Get the resources from the XML file
String[] sportsList = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_titles);
String[] sportsInfo = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_info);
String[] sportsDetail = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_detail);
TypedArray sportsImageResource = getResources().obtainTypedArray(R.array.sports_images);
//Clear the existing data (to avoid duplication)
mSportsData.clear();
//Create the ArrayList of Sports objects with the titles and information about each sport
for (int i = 0; i < sportsList.length; i++) {
mSportsData.add(new Sport(sportsList[i], sportsInfo[i], sportsDetail[i], sportsImageResource.getResourceId(i, 0)));
}
sportsImageResource.recycle();
}
//Notify the adapter of the change
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public void resetSports(){
initializeData(null);
}
}
应用程序图像:-
#1 初始列表
#2 更改列表(体育篮球的卡 #2 被刷)
Main Goal:-
I have a list of sports news. Each item contains a sport name and some info. Clicking on it will show the latest news regarding that particular sport. The user has the option to swipe to dismiss a news, if they don't want it in the list or they can also drag and drop it, for example, if they want to see some news on top of others.
Each item in the list is represented programmatically as a Sport.java object.
I want to retain the state of the list upon device orientation changes.
What I've tried:-
For the list, I have an arraylist of sport objects (ArrayList). I learned that to save a list of custom objects, they objects themselves need to be Parcelable. For this, I implemented the Parcelable.java interface like this:
package com.example.android.materialme;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
/**
* Data model for each row of the RecyclerView.
*/
class Sport implements Parcelable {
//Member variables representing the title and information about the sport
private String title;
private String info;
private String detail;
private final int imageResource;
/**
* Constructor for the Sport data model
* @param title The name if the sport.
* @param info Information about the sport.
*/
Sport(String title, String info, String detail, int imageResource) {
this.title = title;
this.info = info;
this.detail = detail;
this.imageResource = imageResource;
}
protected Sport(@NonNull Parcel in) {
title = in.readString();
info = in.readString();
detail = in.readString();
imageResource = in.readInt();
}
public static final Creator<Sport> CREATOR = new Creator<Sport>() {
@Override
public Sport createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
return new Sport(in);
}
@Override
public Sport[] newArray(int size) {
return new Sport[size];
}
};
String getTitle() {
return title;
}
String getInfo() {
return info;
}
int getImageResource(){
return imageResource;
}
String getDetail(){
return detail;
}
@Override
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int i) {
parcel.writeString(title);
parcel.writeString(info);
parcel.writeString(detail);
parcel.writeInt(imageResource);
}
}
and then I used
outState.putParcelableArrayList(KEY, sportsList);
but, this doesn't work. The screen is just blank upon rotating device.
I tried debugging the app and found that the arraylist was being passed correctly with the data intact, it's just that the app is not being able to display it for some reason.
Also, the implementation of the fab button is so that it resets the whole list to its initial condition upon click. The fab works normally but if the orientation is changed once, it stops working (app doesn't crash). Changing the orientation back also doesn't fix the fab. So, to get the list again for any other test, I have to rerun the entire app.
Complete Code:-
MainActivity.java
package com.example.android.materialme;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.ItemTouchHelper;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//Member variables
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private ArrayList<Sport> mSportsData;
private SportsAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);
fab.setOnClickListener(view -> resetSports());
//Initialize the RecyclerView
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
//Set the Layout Manager
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
//Initialize the ArrayLIst that will contain the data
mSportsData = new ArrayList<>();
//Initialize the adapter and set it ot the RecyclerView
mAdapter = new SportsAdapter(this, mSportsData);
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
initializeData(savedInstanceState);
ItemTouchHelper helper = new ItemTouchHelper(new ItemTouchHelper.SimpleCallback(
ItemTouchHelper.LEFT | ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT | ItemTouchHelper.UP | ItemTouchHelper.DOWN,
ItemTouchHelper.LEFT | ItemTouchHelper.RIGHT) {
@Override
public boolean onMove(@NonNull RecyclerView recyclerView, @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, @NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder target) {
int from = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();
int to = target.getAdapterPosition();
Collections.swap(mSportsData, from, to);
mAdapter.notifyItemMoved(from, to);
return true;
}
@Override
public void onSwiped(@NonNull RecyclerView.ViewHolder viewHolder, int direction) {
mSportsData.remove(viewHolder.getAdapterPosition());
mAdapter.notifyItemRemoved(viewHolder.getAdapterPosition());
}
});
helper.attachToRecyclerView(mRecyclerView);
}
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(@NonNull Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putParcelableArrayList("state", mSportsData);
}
/**
* Method for initializing the sports data from resources.
*/
private void initializeData(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if(savedInstanceState!=null){
mSportsData.clear();
mSportsData = savedInstanceState.getParcelableArrayList("state");
} else {
//Get the resources from the XML file
String[] sportsList = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_titles);
String[] sportsInfo = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_info);
String[] sportsDetail = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.sports_detail);
TypedArray sportsImageResource = getResources().obtainTypedArray(R.array.sports_images);
//Clear the existing data (to avoid duplication)
mSportsData.clear();
//Create the ArrayList of Sports objects with the titles and information about each sport
for (int i = 0; i < sportsList.length; i++) {
mSportsData.add(new Sport(sportsList[i], sportsInfo[i], sportsDetail[i], sportsImageResource.getResourceId(i, 0)));
}
sportsImageResource.recycle();
}
//Notify the adapter of the change
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public void resetSports(){
initializeData(null);
}
}
App Images:-
#1 Initial List
#2 Changed List (Card #2 for sport basketball is swiped)
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即使问题已经存在 4 个月了,您可能不再需要答案:
问题是您使用 mSportsData 初始化适配器,但稍后在initializeData() 中为该变量重新分配另一个值。绑定到适配器的 ArrayList 仍然是它初始化时使用的空列表。
解决这个问题的一种方法是,如果savedInstanceState为null,则使用新的ArrayList初始化mSportsData,否则使用保存的值初始化mSportsData,并且仅当savedInstanceState为null时才调用initializeData。您可以从 initalizeData() 中完全删除该参数以及 if 。
Even though the question is 4 months old and you probably don't need the answer anymore:
The problem is that you initialize the adapter with mSportsData, but reassign another value to the variable later in initializeData(). The ArrayList bound to the adapter is still the empty one it got initialized with.
A way to solve it would be to initialize mSportsData with either a new ArrayList if savedInstanceState is null or else the saved value, and to call initializeData only if savedInstanceState is null. You can remove the argument and therefore the if from initalizeData() completely.
从 OnCreate initializeData(savedInstanceState); 中删除此函数调用,并在 OnResume 中调用它
Remove this function call from OnCreate initializeData(savedInstanceState); and call it in OnResume
我无法让它以 Parcelable 方式工作,所以我尝试做的(并且它有效)是将所有运动对象中包含的所有信息保存在单独的列表中,并将它们放入捆绑包中。
在initialiseData() 中,我只是使用这些列表来创建具有确切数据的新运动对象列表。
这不应该是这样做的方式,但我的应用程序只是不会加载保存的列表(如果它作为可打包传递),我不知道为什么。
这是现在的工作代码:-
I couldn't get it working with the Parcelable way so what I tried doing (and it worked) was save all the info contained inside all the sport objects in separate lists and put those in the bundle instead.
In the initialiseData(), I just used these lists then to create a new list of sport objects with the exact data.
This shouldn't be the way of doing it but my app just doesn't loads the saved list if it's passed as a parcelable and I don't know why.
Here's the working code for now:-