无法在 virtualenv 中安装 python 包错误：命令“x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc”失败，退出状态为 1

Question

我在windows子系统ubuntu 20.04.3中使用python，我创建了一个虚拟环境并安装了python 3.7（ubuntu 系统有python 3.8），我需要安装python包然而，在我运行 pip install torch-scatter -f 之后，torch-sparse https://data.pyg.org/whl/torch-1.4.0+cpu.html，我遇到了以下错误：

   /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/aten_interned_strings.h:1001:9: note: ‘c10::attr::value’ declared here
     1001 | _(attr, value) \
          |         ^~~~~
    /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:373:35: note: in definition of macro ‘DEFINE_SYMBOL’
      373 |   namespace ns { constexpr Symbol s(static_cast<unique_t>(_keys::ns##_##s)); }
          |                                   ^
    /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:204:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘FORALL_ATTR_BASE_SYMBOLS’
      204 |   FORALL_ATTR_BASE_SYMBOLS(_)        \
          |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:374:1: note: in expansion of macro ‘FORALL_NS_SYMBOLS’
      374 | FORALL_NS_SYMBOLS(DEFINE_SYMBOL)
          | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ---------------------------------------- ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-bd2qx3dj/torch-sparse/setup.py'"'"';
__file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-bd2qx3dj/torch-sparse/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-ppnxm3yh/install-record.txt
--single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/include/site/python3.7/torch-sparse Check the logs for full command output. WARNING: You are using pip version
20.1.1; however, version 22.0.3 is available. You should consider upgrading via the '/home/alva/python/foo-3.7/bin/python3.7 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

并且

 In file included from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/Dimname.h:5,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/NamedTensor.h:4,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/TensorBody.h:20,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/Tensor.h:11,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/Context.h:4,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/ATen.h:5,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/types.h:3,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/data/dataloader_options.h:4,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/data/dataloader/base.h:3,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/data/dataloader/stateful.h:3,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/data/dataloader.h:3,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/data.h:3,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/csrc/api/include/torch/all.h:4,
                   from /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/torch/extension.h:4,
                   from csrc/cpu/convert_cpu.h:3,
                   from csrc/cpu/convert_cpu.cpp:1:   /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/aten_interned_strings.h:1001:9: note: ‘c10::attr::value’ declared here    1001 | _(attr, value) \
        |         ^~~~~   /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:373:35: note: in definition of macro ‘DEFINE_SYMBOL’
    373 |   namespace ns { constexpr Symbol s(static_cast<unique_t>(_keys::ns##_##s)); }
        |                                   ^   /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:204:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘FORALL_ATTR_BASE_SYMBOLS’
    204 |   FORALL_ATTR_BASE_SYMBOLS(_)        \
        |   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~   /home/alva/python/foo-3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/torch/include/ATen/core/interned_strings.h:374:1: note: in expansion of macro ‘FORALL_NS_SYMBOLS’
    374 | FORALL_NS_SYMBOLS(DEFINE_SYMBOL)
        | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~   error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1   ----------------------------------------   ERROR: Failed building wheel for torch-sparse

我尝试了代码

sudo apt-get install python3.7-dev

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libldap2-dev libsasl2-dev libffi-dev

sudo apt-get install python3.7-dev

sudo apt install build-essential

pip install torch-sparse -f https://data.pyg.org/whl/torch-1.4.0/torch_sparse-0.5.1+cpu-cp37-cp37m-linux_x86_64.whl

但我仍然​​遇到相同的错误。我有 torch 1.4.0+cpu，但我不认为 torch 版本有问题。

我怎样才能摆脱这个错误？预先非常感谢。

Answer 1

您好，我终于解决了我的问题，所以我在这里发布我的解决方案。

首先，我需要澄清我需要安装 torch-sparse，并且我的命令中有拼写错误（我错误地复制粘贴了 torch-scatter 的代码）。但错误信息是正确的。

我所做的是卸载 ubuntu 20.04 并安装 ubuntu 18.04，其中默认 python 3.6.9。然后我继续使用默认的 python 版本创建一个 virtualenv，只需使用 pip install torch-sparse==0.5.1 即可运行。