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简单的 Docker Postgres 无法连接到数据库

发布于 2025-01-11 03:20:47 字数 27340 浏览 0 评论 0 原文

一个简单的 docker postgres 和 Postgresql 连接到 Python/Django 无法连接到数据库。为什么这不起作用？

启动脚本（这里我会尽可能地清理初始设置 - 删除所有卷，清除 postgres 的数据文件，然后重新启动所有内容）：

#!/bin/bash

rm -rf ./data
mkdir data
cd data
mkdir db
cd ..
docker-compose down
docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q)
docker-compose up

Docker 文件 (据我所知这是正确的配置）：

FROM python:3.8-alpine

RUN apk update && apk add --no-cache \
    gcc python3-dev \
    postgresql-libs postgresql-dev musl-dev

RUN mkdir /code
COPY requirements.txt /code
WORKDIR /code
RUN apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash
RUN apk add python3 py3-pip 
RUN apk add libffi-dev
RUN pip3 install -r ./requirements.txt --verbose
COPY . /code/

我尝试了几种不同的方法来创建 Dockerfile。有两种不同的方法可以让健康检查等待 postgres。两者都不起作用，而实际上任何一个都应该起作用，我不知道为什么。

方法1

这是基于(https://github.com/zigsphere/statping/blob/dev/docker-compose.yml) 在 postgres 上使用健康检查：

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    restart: always
    image: postgres
    volumes:
      - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
      - ./data/db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U pixel"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  web:
    build: .
    restart: always
    command: sh -c "python3 manage.py runserver"
    #command: sh -c "./waitfor.sh db:5432 -- python3 manage.py runserver"
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8001:8001"
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy

具体错误：

lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1

详细输出：

./testing.sh          
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
"docker rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker rm --help'.

Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers
"docker volume rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker volume rm --help'.

Usage:  docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

Remove one or more volumes
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
Attaching to lightchan-db-1, lightchan-web-1
lightchan-db-1   | The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
lightchan-db-1   | This user must also own the server process.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Data page checksums are disabled.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | creating subdirectories ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default max_connections ... 100
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
lightchan-db-1   | creating configuration files ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | running bootstrap script ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | syncing data to disk ... initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
lightchan-db-1   | You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
lightchan-db-1   | --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
lightchan-db-1   | ok
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Success. You can now start the database server using:
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   |     pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | waiting for server to start....2022-03-02 14:09:35.947 UTC [61] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.949 UTC [61] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.968 UTC [62] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2022-03-02 14:09:34 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.995 UTC [61] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-db-1   |  done
lightchan-db-1   | server started
lightchan-db-1   | CREATE DATABASE
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.917 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.941 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2022-03-02 14:09:38 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.256 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.276 UTC [28] LOG:  redo starts at 0/16FB5C8
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.277 UTC [28] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/16FB6C0: wanted 24, got 0
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.277 UTC [28] LOG:  redo done at 0/16FB678 system usage: CPU: user: 0.00 s, system: 0.00 s, elapsed: 0.00 s
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.306 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-web-1  | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:50.095 UTC [43] FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | psycopg2.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.25.0.2), port 5432 failed: FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
lightchan-web-1  |     self.run()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
lightchan-web-1  |     self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
lightchan-web-1  |     fn(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 127, in inner_run
lightchan-web-1  |     self.check_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 505, in check_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 53, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.build_graph()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 223, in build_graph
lightchan-web-1  |     self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 77, in applied_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     if self.has_table():
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 55, in has_table
lightchan-web-1  |     with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 270, in cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     return self._cursor()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 246, in _cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     self.ensure_connection()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
lightchan-web-1  |     raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | django.db.utils.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.25.0.2), port 5432 failed: FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  |

为什么我不明白错误：

psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql 非常具体来说不是目录，而是文件（显然）。 docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 文件夹和 init.sql 文件的权限都是开放的，因此 Docker 应该能够访问它们。

方法 2

我测试 Docker 的另一种方法是使用 waitfor.sh 包 (https://github.com/Eficode/wait-for），如此处推荐（https://docs.docker.com/compose/startup-order/），并且与 alpine linux 兼容。该包是 bash 文件中的一个简单的删除，它在一个复杂的 while 循环中输入命令参数，该循环只执行所有的运行状况检查。我以前使用过类似的软件包并且它们很有效。

这是 docker-compose：

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    restart: always
    image: postgres
    volumes:
      - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
      - ./data/db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    #healthcheck:
    # test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U pixel"]
    #  interval: 10s
    #  timeout: 5s
    #  retries: 5
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  web:
    build: .
    restart: always
    command: sh -c "python3 manage.py runserver"
    #command: sh -c "./waitfor.sh db:5432 -- python3 manage.py runserver"
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8001:8001"
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    depends_on:
      - db
        #condition: service_healthy

详细输出：

./testing.sh          
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
"docker rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker rm --help'.

Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers
"docker volume rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker volume rm --help'.

Usage:  docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

Remove one or more volumes
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
Attaching to lightchan-db-1, lightchan-web-1
lightchan-db-1   | The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
lightchan-db-1   | This user must also own the server process.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Data page checksums are disabled.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | creating subdirectories ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default max_connections ... 100
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
lightchan-db-1   | creating configuration files ... ok
lightchan-web-1  | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
lightchan-web-1  | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | psycopg2.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.26.0.2), port 5432 failed: Connection refused
lightchan-web-1  |  Is the server running on that host and accepting TCP/IP connections?
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
lightchan-web-1  |     self.run()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
lightchan-web-1  |     self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
lightchan-web-1  |     fn(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 127, in inner_run
lightchan-web-1  |     self.check_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 505, in check_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 53, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.build_graph()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 223, in build_graph
lightchan-web-1  |     self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 77, in applied_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     if self.has_table():
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 55, in has_table
lightchan-web-1  |     with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 270, in cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     return self._cursor()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 246, in _cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     self.ensure_connection()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
lightchan-web-1  |     raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | django.db.utils.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.26.0.2), port 5432 failed: Connection refused
lightchan-web-1  |  Is the server running on that host and accepting TCP/IP connections?
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-db-1   | running bootstrap script ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | syncing data to disk ... initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
lightchan-db-1   | You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
lightchan-db-1   | --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
lightchan-db-1   | ok
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Success. You can now start the database server using:
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   |     pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | waiting for server to start....2022-03-02 14:21:49.476 UTC [50] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.478 UTC [50] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.498 UTC [51] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2022-03-02 14:21:47 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.524 UTC [50] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-db-1   |  done
lightchan-db-1   | server started
lightchan-db-1   | CREATE DATABASE
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.933 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.947 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2022-03-02 14:21:51 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.437 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.459 UTC [28] LOG:  redo starts at 0/16FB5C8
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.461 UTC [28] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/16FB6C0: wanted 24, got 0
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.461 UTC [28] LOG:  redo done at 0/16FB678 system usage: CPU: user: 0.00 s, system: 0.00 s, elapsed: 0.00 s
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.493 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

具体错误以及我不理解该错误的原因： 除了上述 init.sql 错误之外，waitfor.sh 包也没有等待 Postgresql 文件运行。这很奇怪，因为这似乎是最简单的例子。

tl;dr

这里有两种不同的方法让 docker-compose 在一个简单的项目上工作，但都不起作用 - /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init 似乎有问题。 sql

感谢您的帮助！

原文

A simple docker postgres with Postgresql connecting to Python/Django can't connect to the database. Why isn't this working?

Start script (here I am cleaning the initial set up as much as I can - all volumes removed, the data file for postgres purged, and everything restarted):

#!/bin/bash

rm -rf ./data
mkdir data
cd data
mkdir db
cd ..
docker-compose down
docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q)
docker-compose up

Docker File (as far as I can tell this is the correct configuration):

FROM python:3.8-alpine

RUN apk update && apk add --no-cache \
    gcc python3-dev \
    postgresql-libs postgresql-dev musl-dev

RUN mkdir /code
COPY requirements.txt /code
WORKDIR /code
RUN apk add --no-cache --upgrade bash
RUN apk add python3 py3-pip 
RUN apk add libffi-dev
RUN pip3 install -r ./requirements.txt --verbose
COPY . /code/

I've tried a couple different ways of creating the Dockerfile. Tere are two different ways of making the healthcheck wait on postgres. Both aren't working, when actually either should and I don't know why.

METHOD 1

Here's the docker-compose based on (https://github.com/zigsphere/statping/blob/dev/docker-compose.yml) using a healthcheck on postgres:

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    restart: always
    image: postgres
    volumes:
      - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
      - ./data/db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U pixel"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  web:
    build: .
    restart: always
    command: sh -c "python3 manage.py runserver"
    #command: sh -c "./waitfor.sh db:5432 -- python3 manage.py runserver"
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8001:8001"
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy

The specific error:

lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1

The verbose output:

./testing.sh          
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
"docker rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker rm --help'.

Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers
"docker volume rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker volume rm --help'.

Usage:  docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

Remove one or more volumes
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
Attaching to lightchan-db-1, lightchan-web-1
lightchan-db-1   | The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
lightchan-db-1   | This user must also own the server process.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Data page checksums are disabled.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | creating subdirectories ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default max_connections ... 100
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
lightchan-db-1   | creating configuration files ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | running bootstrap script ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | syncing data to disk ... initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
lightchan-db-1   | You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
lightchan-db-1   | --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
lightchan-db-1   | ok
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Success. You can now start the database server using:
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   |     pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | waiting for server to start....2022-03-02 14:09:35.947 UTC [61] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.949 UTC [61] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.968 UTC [62] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2022-03-02 14:09:34 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:35.995 UTC [61] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-db-1   |  done
lightchan-db-1   | server started
lightchan-db-1   | CREATE DATABASE
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.911 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.917 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:41.941 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2022-03-02 14:09:38 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.256 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.276 UTC [28] LOG:  redo starts at 0/16FB5C8
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.277 UTC [28] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/16FB6C0: wanted 24, got 0
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.277 UTC [28] LOG:  redo done at 0/16FB678 system usage: CPU: user: 0.00 s, system: 0.00 s, elapsed: 0.00 s
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:44.306 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-web-1  | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:09:50.095 UTC [43] FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | psycopg2.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.25.0.2), port 5432 failed: FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
lightchan-web-1  |     self.run()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
lightchan-web-1  |     self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
lightchan-web-1  |     fn(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 127, in inner_run
lightchan-web-1  |     self.check_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 505, in check_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 53, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.build_graph()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 223, in build_graph
lightchan-web-1  |     self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 77, in applied_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     if self.has_table():
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 55, in has_table
lightchan-web-1  |     with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 270, in cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     return self._cursor()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 246, in _cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     self.ensure_connection()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
lightchan-web-1  |     raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | django.db.utils.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.25.0.2), port 5432 failed: FATAL:  database "lightchan" does not exist
lightchan-web-1  |

Why I don't understand the error:

psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql is very specifically not a directory, but the file (obviously). The permissions on both the docker-entrypoint-initdb.d folder and the init.sql file are open and so Docker should be able to access them.

METHOD 2

The other way I've been testing Docker has been to use the waitfor.sh package (https://github.com/Eficode/wait-for) as recommended here (https://docs.docker.com/compose/startup-order/), and which is alpine linux compatible. The package is a simple drop in bash file that pipes in the command arguments in a complicated looking while loop that just does all the health checking. I've used packages like it before and they've worked.

Here's the docker-compose:

version: "3.9"

services:
  db:
    restart: always
    image: postgres
    volumes:
      - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
      - ./data/db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    #healthcheck:
    # test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U pixel"]
    #  interval: 10s
    #  timeout: 5s
    #  retries: 5
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  web:
    build: .
    restart: always
    command: sh -c "python3 manage.py runserver"
    #command: sh -c "./waitfor.sh db:5432 -- python3 manage.py runserver"
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8001:8001"
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_NAME=dev-postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=pixel
      - POSTGRES_DATABASE=lightchan
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=stardust
    depends_on:
      - db
        #condition: service_healthy

The verbose output:

./testing.sh          
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Removed                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
"docker rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker rm --help'.

Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

Remove one or more containers
"docker volume rm" requires at least 1 argument.
See 'docker volume rm --help'.

Usage:  docker volume rm [OPTIONS] VOLUME [VOLUME...]

Remove one or more volumes
[+] Running 3/3
 ⠿ Network lightchan_default  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-db-1   Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
 ⠿ Container lightchan-web-1  Created                                                                                                                                                                            0.1s
Attaching to lightchan-db-1, lightchan-web-1
lightchan-db-1   | The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
lightchan-db-1   | This user must also own the server process.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
lightchan-db-1   | The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Data page checksums are disabled.
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/postgresql/data ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | creating subdirectories ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default max_connections ... 100
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
lightchan-db-1   | selecting default time zone ... Etc/UTC
lightchan-db-1   | creating configuration files ... ok
lightchan-web-1  | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
lightchan-web-1  | Exception in thread django-main-thread:
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | psycopg2.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.26.0.2), port 5432 failed: Connection refused
lightchan-web-1  |  Is the server running on that host and accepting TCP/IP connections?
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-web-1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
lightchan-web-1  |     self.run()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
lightchan-web-1  |     self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
lightchan-web-1  |     fn(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 127, in inner_run
lightchan-web-1  |     self.check_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 505, in check_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     executor = MigrationExecutor(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS])
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 53, in __init__
lightchan-web-1  |     self.build_graph()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 223, in build_graph
lightchan-web-1  |     self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 77, in applied_migrations
lightchan-web-1  |     if self.has_table():
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 55, in has_table
lightchan-web-1  |     with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 270, in cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     return self._cursor()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 246, in _cursor
lightchan-web-1  |     self.ensure_connection()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
lightchan-web-1  |     raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 230, in ensure_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connect()
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 211, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/asyncio.py", line 25, in inner
lightchan-web-1  |     return func(*args, **kwargs)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 199, in get_new_connection
lightchan-web-1  |     connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
lightchan-web-1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 122, in connect
lightchan-web-1  |     conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
lightchan-web-1  | django.db.utils.OperationalError: connection to server at "db" (172.26.0.2), port 5432 failed: Connection refused
lightchan-web-1  |  Is the server running on that host and accepting TCP/IP connections?
lightchan-web-1  | 
lightchan-db-1   | running bootstrap script ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
lightchan-db-1   | syncing data to disk ... initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
lightchan-db-1   | You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
lightchan-db-1   | --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
lightchan-db-1   | ok
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | Success. You can now start the database server using:
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   |     pg_ctl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -l logfile start
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | waiting for server to start....2022-03-02 14:21:49.476 UTC [50] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.478 UTC [50] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.498 UTC [51] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2022-03-02 14:21:47 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:49.524 UTC [50] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
lightchan-db-1   |  done
lightchan-db-1   | server started
lightchan-db-1   | CREATE DATABASE
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
lightchan-db-1   | psql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql: error: could not read from input file: Is a directory
lightchan-db-1 exited with code 1
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
lightchan-db-1   | 
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 14.2 (Debian 14.2-1.pgdg110+1) on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.927 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.933 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:53.947 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was interrupted; last known up at 2022-03-02 14:21:51 UTC
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.437 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was not properly shut down; automatic recovery in progress
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.459 UTC [28] LOG:  redo starts at 0/16FB5C8
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.461 UTC [28] LOG:  invalid record length at 0/16FB6C0: wanted 24, got 0
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.461 UTC [28] LOG:  redo done at 0/16FB678 system usage: CPU: user: 0.00 s, system: 0.00 s, elapsed: 0.00 s
lightchan-db-1   | 2022-03-02 14:21:56.493 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

The specific error and why I don't understand the error:
In addition to the above init.sql error, the waitfor.sh package is not waiting for the Postgresql file to run. Which is strange as this appears to be the simplest possible example.

tl;dr

Here are two different methods of making docker-compose work on a simple project and neither is working - something appears to be wrong with /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql

Thanks for all the help!

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空心↖ 2025-01-18 03:20:47

  1. 也许上面已经回答了这个问题，但是如果“init.sql”用于目录，那么它是一个非常具有误导性的名称；因为它看起来只是一个 SQL 初始化脚本/文件。所以代替：

    <前><代码>...
    卷：
    - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
    ...

    ...我建议类似以下内容（来自 Docker Compose env 中的 MySQL DB，恕我直言，完全类似）：

    <前><代码>...
    卷：
    - ./database/:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    ...

  2. AFAIK depends_on 不使用 healthcheck< /code> 任何更多（自 Docker Compose v3 起）

    以及强烈推荐的方法： https://docs .docker.com/compose/startup-order/

    <块引用>

    等待数据库（例如）准备就绪的问题是
    实际上只是更大的分布式系统问题的一个子集。
    在生产中，您的数据库可能会变得不可用或将主机移动到
    任何时候。您的应用程序需要能够适应这些类型
    失败。要解决这个问题，请设计您的应用程序以尝试
    失败后重新建立与数据库的连接。如果
    应用程序重试连接，它最终可以连接到
    数据库。最好的解决方案是在您的
    应用程序代码，无论是在启动时还是在连接丢失时
    出于任何原因。

    但是，如果您不需要这种程度的恢复能力，您可以工作
    使用包装脚本解决问题：[...]


  1. Maybe this has already been answered above, but "init.sql" is a very misleading name IF it is used for the directory; because it appears to be just a single SQL initialization script/file. So instead of:

    ...
volumes:
  - ./init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
...

    ... I would suggest something like the following (from a MySQL DB in Docker Compose env that is IMHO completely analogous):

    ...
volumes:
  - ./database/:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
...

  2. AFAIK depends_on does NOT use healthcheck ANYMORE (since Docker Compose v3)

    And the strongly recommended approach: https://docs.docker.com/compose/startup-order/

    The problem of waiting for a database (for example) to be ready is
    really just a subset of a much larger problem of distributed systems.
    In production, your database could become unavailable or move hosts at
    any time. Your application needs to be resilient to these types of
    failures. To handle this, design your application to attempt to
    re-establish a connection to the database after a failure. If the
    application retries the connection, it can eventually connect to the
    database. The best solution is to perform this check in your
    application code, both at startup and whenever a connection is lost
    for any reason.

    However, if you don’t need this level of resilience, you can work
    around the problem with a wrapper script: [...]

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