Spring测试在创建时抛出约束主键错误以及如何向请求添加授权标头？

Question

我有集成测试来创建这样的实体：

@Test
void shouldCreateCategory() throws Exception {
    var createDTO = new CreateDTO();
    createDTO.setName("testCategory");
    createDTO.setSection(0);
    String json = objectMapper.writer().withDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(createDTO);
    mockMvc.perform(
        MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/category/create").contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8).content(json))
        .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().is(201));
}

但是在测试时它会抛出 DataIntegrityViolationException 无法执行语句 SQL 约束 [category.PRIMARY]，只有当我在启动时将类别添加到 import.sql 文件中的另一个测试时：

insert into section (id, name) values (0, 'test');
insert into category (id, name, section_id) values (0, "testGet", 0);
insert into category (id, name, section_id) values (1, "testDelete", 0);
insert into category (id, name, section_id) values (2, "testRename", 0);
insert into category (id, name, section_id) values (3, "testRename400", 0);

这是我的应用程序逻辑：

实体：

package com.revo.myboard.category;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;

import com.revo.myboard.post.Post;
import com.revo.myboard.section.Section;

/*
 * Created By Revo
 */

@Entity
public final class Category {
    
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    private long id;
    @Column(unique=true)
    private String name;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="category", cascade=CascadeType.REMOVE)
    private List<Post> posts;
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="section_id")
    private Section section;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public List<Post> getPosts() {
        return posts;
    }
    public void setPosts(List<Post> posts) {
        this.posts = posts;
    }
    public Section getSection() {
        return section;
    }
    public void setSection(Section section) {
        this.section = section;
    }
    
}

服务：

package com.revo.myboard.category;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.revo.myboard.section.SectionService;

/*
 * Created By Revo
 */

@Service
@Transactional
public class CategoryService {
    
    private CategoryRepository repository;
    private SectionService serverService;
    
    public CategoryService(CategoryRepository repository, SectionService serverService) {
        this.repository = repository;
        this.serverService = serverService;
    }

    public void createCategory(String name, long section_id) {
        if(repository.existsByName(name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(name);
        }
        var category = new Category();
        category.setName(name);
        category.setSection(serverService.getSectionById(section_id));
        repository.save(category);
    }
    
    public void deleteCategoryById(long id) {
        repository.delete(getCategoryById(id));

    }

    public Category getCategoryById(long id) {
        return repository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new NullPointerException(String.valueOf(id)));
    }
    
    public void renameCategoryById(long id, String new_name) {
        if(repository.existsByName(new_name)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(new_name);
        }
        getCategoryById(id).setName(new_name);
    }
    
}

控制器：

package com.revo.myboard.category;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PatchMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.revo.myboard.category.dto.CategoryDTO;
import com.revo.myboard.category.dto.CreateDTO;
import com.revo.myboard.category.dto.NameDTO;
import com.revo.myboard.security.annotation.ForAdmin;

/*
 *  Created By Revo
 */

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/category")
@Validated
public class CategoryController {

    private CategoryService categoryService;
    
    public CategoryController(CategoryService categoryService) {
        this.categoryService = categoryService;
    }
    
    
    /*
     * PUBLIC
     */
    
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public CategoryDTO getCategoryById(@PathVariable long id) {
        return new CategoryDTO().mapFromCategory(categoryService.getCategoryById(id));
    }

    /*
     *  ADMIN
     */

    @PostMapping("/create")
    @ForAdmin
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED)
    public void createCategory(@RequestBody @Valid CreateDTO createDTO) {
        categoryService.createCategory(createDTO.getName(), createDTO.getSection());
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/delete/{id}")
    @ForAdmin
    public void deleteCategoryByName(@PathVariable long id) {
        categoryService.deleteCategoryById(id);
    }

    @PatchMapping("/rename/{id}")
    public void renameCategoryByName(@PathVariable long id, @RequestBody @Valid NameDTO renameDTO) {
        categoryService.renameCategoryById(id, renameDTO.getNewName());
    }
    
}

存储库：

package com.revo.myboard.category;

import java.util.Optional;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/*
 * Created By Revo
 */

@Repository
public interface CategoryRepository extends JpaRepository<Category, Long> {

    /*
     * FIND CATEGORY BY NAME
     */
    
    Optional<Category> findByName(String name);
    
    /*
     * EXISTS BY NAME
     */
    
    boolean existsByName(String name);
    
}

将生成策略更改为身份策略有帮助，但它更改了 import.sql 中数据的 id，并且我无法测试其他方法，因为我指的是控制器通过此 id 的方法。

我有第二个问题，我在这个测试中获得未经授权：

@Test
@WithMockUser
void shouldCreateComment() throws Exception {
    var createDTO = new CreateDTO();
    createDTO.setContent("testComment");
    createDTO.setPost(0);
    String json = objectMapper.writer().withDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(createDTO);
    mockMvc.perform(
        MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/comment/create").contentType(Utils.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8).content(json))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().is(201));
}

仅当我在控制器中添加 @RequestHeader("Authorization") 字符串令牌时，没有它我没有收到错误，但我需要此令牌在评论时获取客户端数据创建中，如何在测试中添加此标头？