在 /books/ 处配置不当 字段名称“Published_date”对于模型“Books”无效

Question

我正在构建这个rest api，它从数据库获取数据并显示数据库中有关书籍的所有字段。

models.py 代码：

class Books(models.Model):
   Name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
   Author = models.ForeignKey('Authors', on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None)
   Published_Date = models.DateField(blank=False)
   Pages = models.IntegerField()
   critics = models.IntegerField(default=0)

   def __str__(self) -> str:
      return self.Name

serializer.py 代码：

class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
       model = Books
       fields = ['Name', 'Author', 'Published_date', 'Pages', 'critics']

urls.py 代码：

urlpatterns = [
    path('books/', views.BookList.as_view()),
    path('Bdetails/<str:pk>', views.BookDetail.as_view()),
]

views.py 代码：

class BookList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer


class BookDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Books.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

回溯：

Environment:

Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/

Django Version: 3.2.9
Python Version: 3.9.6
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'genebox',
 'rest_framework']

Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 47, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 181, in 
    _get_response response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\csrf.py", line 54, in 
    wrapped_view return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\views\generic\base.py", line 70, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 509, in dispatch
    response = self.handle_exception(exc)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 469, in handle_exception
    self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 480, in 
    raise_uncaught_exception 
  raise exc
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 506, in dispatch
    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\generics.py", line 239, in get
    return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\mixins.py", line 43, in list
    return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 745, in data
    ret = super().data
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 246, in data
    self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 663, in 
    to_representation
    return [
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 664, in <listcomp>
    self.child.to_representation(item) for item in iterable
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 500, in 
    to_representation
    for field in fields:
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 361, in 
    _readable_fields
    for field in self.fields.values():
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 48, in __get__
   res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 349, in fields
   for key, value in self.get_fields().items():
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 1053, in get_fields
   field_class, field_kwargs = self.build_field(
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 1199, in 
   build_field
   return self.build_unknown_field(field_name, model_class)
  File "C:\Python39\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 1317, in 
   build_unknown_field
   raise ImproperlyConfigured(


Exception Type: ImproperlyConfigured at /books/
Exception Value: Field name `Published_date` is not valid for model `Books`.

我们将不胜感激您的帮助

Answer 1

您的字段名为 Published_Date，带有大写 D，而不是 Published_date。但通常字段不是用大写字母书写，而是用snake_case书写，并且模型名称是单数，所以Book，不是书籍，和作者，而不是作者：

class Book(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
   author = models.ForeignKey('Author', on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None)
   published_date = models.DateField()
   pages = models.IntegerField()
   critics = models.IntegerField(default=0)

   def __str__(self) -> str:
      return self.name