JQ - 根据变量过滤器获取某个键下的特定值

Question

因此，对于课程，我必须制作一个 shell 脚本 (BASH)，使用 JQ 来显示超级英雄的秘密身份和力量。这是一门非常有趣的课程。

该脚本将英雄名称打印给用户，然后用户指定他们想要查看哪些英雄的详细信息。

这是我收到的 json 文件的一小部分。

{
  "squadName": "Super hero squad",
  "homeTown": "Metropolia",
  "formed": 2013,
  "secretBase": "Super HQ",
  "active": true,
  "members": [
    {
      "name": "Atom Man",
      "age": 25,
      "secretIdentity": "Dan Smith",
      "powers": [
        "Radiation resistance",
        "Radiation blast"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

因此，如果用户输入“Atom Man”，脚本应该打印他的秘密身份 ("secretIdentity": "Dan Smith") 和他的权力。

("powers": [
        "Radiation resistance",
        "Radiation blast"
      ])

这是部分完成的脚本。

#!/bin/bash
while [ true ]
do
cat superhero.json | jq -r '.mem [] | .name' #display the hero names for user.
  read -p "Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit. :" HERONAME1
  if [ "$HERONAME1" = "exit" ]
  then
    echo "Quitting..."
    exit
  else
    cat superhero.json | jq -r '.member [] | .name [] '
    #or jq '.members[].name' superhero.json'
  fi
done

现在我陷入了脚本的这一部分。

else
    cat superhero.json | jq -r '.member [] | .name [] '

我不太明白如何使用 HERONAME1 变量从 json 文件中过滤某个英雄，以及如何在输出中包含他们的能力。

任何和所有的指针都受到高度赞赏！

Answer 1

这是我对此的看法。

假设我们有这样的 superhero.json：

{
  "squadName": "Super hero squad",
  "homeTown": "Metropolia",
  "formed": 2013,
  "secretBase": "Super HQ",
  "active": true,
  "members": [
    {
      "name": "Atom Man",
      "age": 25,
      "secretIdentity": "Dan Smith",
      "powers": [
        "Radiation resistance",
        "Radiation blast"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Super Man",
      "age": 26,
      "secretIdentity": "Clark",
      "powers": [
        "Flying power",
        "Super human strength"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Bat Man",
      "age": 24,
      "secretIdentity": "Bruce",
      "powers": [
        "Pakour",
        "Night vision"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

这是我的 run.sh 脚本：

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
jq -r '.members[] | .name' superhero.json #display the hero names for user.
  read -p "Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit: " HERONAME1
  if [ "$HERONAME1" = "exit" ]
  then
    echo "Quitting..."
    exit
  else
    HERONAME1=$HERONAME1 jq -r '.members[] | select(.name==env.HERONAME1) | {secretIdentity}, {powers}' superhero.json
  fi
done

这是我运行此脚本时的输出：

$ ./run.sh 
Atom Man
Super Man
Bat Man
Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit: Bat Man
{
  "secretIdentity": "Bruce"
}
{
  "powers": [
    "Pakour",
    "Night vision"
  ]
}
Atom Man
Super Man
Bat Man
Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit: Atom Man
{
  "secretIdentity": "Dan Smith"
}
{
  "powers": [
    "Radiation resistance",
    "Radiation blast"
  ]
}
Atom Man
Super Man
Bat Man
Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit: Super Man 
{
  "secretIdentity": "Clark"
}
{
  "powers": [
    "Flying power",
    "Super human strength"
  ]
}
Atom Man
Super Man
Bat Man
Which heroes details do you want to see? Enter 'exit' to quit: exit
Quitting...

尝试该脚本。 ;)