如何将空字段添加到前面的同级元素，而后续元素确实有值？参见示例

Question

我有以下 XML：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <LaborTaskInterface>
          <LaborTask thing1="a" thing2="c" thing3="d" thing4="e" thing5="f" 
          thing6="g" thing7="h" thing8="i" thing9="j">
                <ltOverride unit_id="1" value="1" thing2="k" thing3="c" thing4="d" thing10="o"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="2" value="1" thing2="l" thing3="c" thing4="d" thing11="p"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="3" value="1" thing2="m" thing3="c" thing4="d" thing12="q"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="4" value="1" thing2="n" thing3="c" thing4="d" thing13="r"/>
         </LaborTask>
         <LaborTask thing1="aa" thing2="bb" thing3="dd" thing4="ee" thing5="ff" 
          thing6="gg" thing7="hh" thing8="ii" thing9="jj">
                <ltOverride unit_id="11" value="11" thing2="kk" thing3="cc" thing4="dd" thing10="oo"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="22" value="12" thing2="ll" thing3="cc" thing4="dd" thing11="pp"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="33" value="13" thing2="mm" thing3="cc" thing4="dd" thing12="qq"/>
                <ltOverride unit_id="44" value="14" thing2="nn" thing3="cc" thing4="dd" thing13="rr"/>
          </LaborTask>
    </LaborTaskInterface>

我目前已经能够使用以下 XSLT-1.0 将其转换并导入到 Microsoft Access 中：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
  version="1.0"
  xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"
  exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl">

  <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" />

  <xsl:template match="@* | node()">
    <xsl:copy>
      <xsl:apply-templates select="@* | node()"/>
    </xsl:copy>
  </xsl:template>
  
  <xsl:key name="group" match="ltOverride/*" use="concat(generate-id(..), '|', name())"/>
  
  <xsl:template match="LaborTask">
    <xsl:variable name="temp-data">
      <xsl:apply-templates select="ltOverride" mode="attributes-to-elements"/>
    </xsl:variable>
    <xsl:for-each select="msxsl:node-set($temp-data)/ltOverride">
      <xsl:copy>
        <xsl:for-each select="*[generate-id() = generate-id(key('group', concat(generate-id(..), '|', name()))[1])]">
          <xsl:for-each select="key('group', concat(generate-id(..), '|', name()))">
            <xsl:variable name="index">
              <xsl:if test="position() > 1">
                <xsl:value-of select="concat('.', position())"/>
              </xsl:if>
            </xsl:variable>
            <xsl:element name="{name()}{$index}">
              <xsl:value-of select="."/>
            </xsl:element>
          </xsl:for-each>
        </xsl:for-each>        
      </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:for-each>
  </xsl:template>
  
  <xsl:template match="ltOverride" mode="attributes-to-elements">
    <xsl:copy>
      <xsl:apply-templates select="../@* | @*" mode="attributes-to-elements"/>
    </xsl:copy>
  </xsl:template>
  
  <xsl:template match="@*" mode="attributes-to-elements">
    <xsl:element name="{name()}">
      <xsl:value-of select="."/>
    </xsl:element>
  </xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

这提供了以下输出：

<LaborTaskInterface>
    <ltOverride>
      <thing1>a</thing1>
      <thing2>c</thing2>
      <thing2.2>k</thing2.2>
      <thing3>d</thing3>
      <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
      <thing4>e</thing4>
      <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
      <thing5>f</thing5>
      <thing6>g</thing6>
      <thing7>h</thing7>
      <thing8>i</thing8>
      <thing9>j</thing9>
      <unit_id>1</unit_id>
      <value>1</value>
      <thing10>o</thing10>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>a</thing1>
      <thing2>c</thing2>
      <thing2.2>l</thing2.2>
      <thing3>d</thing3>
      <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
      <thing4>e</thing4>
      <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
      <thing5>f</thing5>
      <thing6>g</thing6>
      <thing7>h</thing7>
      <thing8>i</thing8>
      <thing9>j</thing9>
      <unit_id>2</unit_id>
      <value>1</value>
      <thing11>p</thing11>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>a</thing1>
      <thing2>c</thing2>
      <thing2.2>m</thing2.2>
      <thing3>d</thing3>
      <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
      <thing4>e</thing4>
      <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
      <thing5>f</thing5>
      <thing6>g</thing6>
      <thing7>h</thing7>
      <thing8>i</thing8>
      <thing9>j</thing9>
      <unit_id>3</unit_id>
      <value>1</value>
      <thing12>q</thing12>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>a</thing1>
      <thing2>c</thing2>
      <thing2.2>n</thing2.2>
      <thing3>d</thing3>
      <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
      <thing4>e</thing4>
      <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
      <thing5>f</thing5>
      <thing6>g</thing6>
      <thing7>h</thing7>
      <thing8>i</thing8>
      <thing9>j</thing9>
      <unit_id>4</unit_id>
      <value>1</value>
      <thing13>r</thing13>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>aa</thing1>
      <thing2>bb</thing2>
      <thing2.2>kk</thing2.2>
      <thing3>dd</thing3>
      <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
      <thing4>ee</thing4>
      <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
      <thing5>ff</thing5>
      <thing6>gg</thing6>
      <thing7>hh</thing7>
      <thing8>ii</thing8>
      <thing9>jj</thing9>
      <unit_id>11</unit_id>
      <value>11</value>
      <thing10>oo</thing10>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>aa</thing1>
      <thing2>bb</thing2>
      <thing2.2>ll</thing2.2>
      <thing3>dd</thing3>
      <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
      <thing4>ee</thing4>
      <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
      <thing5>ff</thing5>
      <thing6>gg</thing6>
      <thing7>hh</thing7>
      <thing8>ii</thing8>
      <thing9>jj</thing9>
      <unit_id>22</unit_id>
      <value>12</value>
      <thing11>pp</thing11>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>aa</thing1>
      <thing2>bb</thing2>
      <thing2.2>mm</thing2.2>
      <thing3>dd</thing3>
      <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
      <thing4>ee</thing4>
      <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
      <thing5>ff</thing5>
      <thing6>gg</thing6>
      <thing7>hh</thing7>
      <thing8>ii</thing8>
      <thing9>jj</thing9>
      <unit_id>33</unit_id>
      <value>13</value>
      <thing12>qq</thing12>
   </ltOverride>
   <ltOverride>
      <thing1>aa</thing1>
      <thing2>bb</thing2>
      <thing2.2>nn</thing2.2>
      <thing3>dd</thing3>
      <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
      <thing4>ee</thing4>
      <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
      <thing5>ff</thing5>
      <thing6>gg</thing6>
      <thing7>hh</thing7>
      <thing8>ii</thing8>
      <thing9>jj</thing9>
      <unit_id>44</unit_id>
      <value>14</value>
      <thing13>rr</thing13>
   </ltOverride>
</LaborTaskInterface>

我想要以下输出（请注意 ItOverride 的所有实例中 thing10 - thing13 是如何存在的，每个实例都为各自的“thingXX”填充了值，但对于不存在的值则为 null。另外，为了简单起见、 aa 和 bb 代表全新的值，而不是 2xa 等）：

<LaborTaskInterface>
          <ltOverride>
          <thing1>a</thing1>
          <thing2>c</thing2>
          <thing2.2>k</thing2.2>
          <thing3>d</thing3>
          <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
          <thing4>e</thing4>
          <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
          <thing5>f</thing5>
          <thing6>g</thing6>
          <thing7>h</thing7>
          <thing8>i</thing8>
          <thing9>j</thing9>
          <unit_id>1</unit_id>
          <value>1</value>
          <thing10>o</thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>a</thing1>
          <thing2>c</thing2>
          <thing2.2>l</thing2.2>
          <thing3>d</thing3>
          <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
          <thing4>e</thing4>
          <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
          <thing5>f</thing5>
          <thing6>g</thing6>
          <thing7>h</thing7>
          <thing8>i</thing8>
          <thing9>j</thing9>
          <unit_id>2</unit_id>
          <value>1</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11>p</thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>a</thing1>
          <thing2>c</thing2>
          <thing2.2>m</thing2.2>
          <thing3>d</thing3>
          <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
          <thing4>e</thing4>
          <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
          <thing5>f</thing5>
          <thing6>g</thing6>
          <thing7>h</thing7>
          <thing8>i</thing8>
          <thing9>j</thing9>
          <unit_id>3</unit_id>
          <value>1</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12>q</thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>a</thing1>
          <thing2>c</thing2>
          <thing2.2>n</thing2.2>
          <thing3>d</thing3>
          <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
          <thing4>e</thing4>
          <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
          <thing5>f</thing5>
          <thing6>g</thing6>
          <thing7>h</thing7>
          <thing8>i</thing8>
          <thing9>j</thing9>
          <unit_id>4</unit_id>
          <value>1</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13>r</thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>aa</thing1>
          <thing2>bb</thing2>
          <thing2.2>kk</thing2.2>
          <thing3>dd</thing3>
          <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
          <thing4>ee</thing4>
          <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
          <thing5>ff</thing5>
          <thing6>gg</thing6>
          <thing7>hh</thing7>
          <thing8>ii</thing8>
          <thing9>jj</thing9>
          <unit_id>11</unit_id>
          <value>11</value>
          <thing10>oo</thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>aa</thing1>
          <thing2>bb</thing2>
          <thing2.2>ll</thing2.2>
          <thing3>dd</thing3>
          <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
          <thing4>ee</thing4>
          <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
          <thing5>ff</thing5>
          <thing6>gg</thing6>
          <thing7>hh</thing7>
          <thing8>ii</thing8>
          <thing9>jj</thing9>
          <unit_id>22</unit_id>
          <value>12</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11>pp</thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>aa</thing1>
          <thing2>bb</thing2>
          <thing2.2>mm</thing2.2>
          <thing3>dd</thing3>
          <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
          <thing4>ee</thing4>
          <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
          <thing5>ff</thing5>
          <thing6>gg</thing6>
          <thing7>hh</thing7>
          <thing8>ii</thing8>
          <thing9>jj</thing9>
          <unit_id>33</unit_id>
          <value>13</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12>qq</thing12>
          <thing13></thing13>
       </ltOverride>
       <ltOverride>
          <thing1>aa</thing1>
          <thing2>bb</thing2>
          <thing2.2>nn</thing2.2>
          <thing3>dd</thing3>
          <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
          <thing4>ee</thing4>
          <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
          <thing5>ff</thing5>
          <thing6>gg</thing6>
          <thing7>hh</thing7>
          <thing8>ii</thing8>
          <thing9>jj</thing9>
          <unit_id>44</unit_id>
          <value>14</value>
          <thing10></thing10>
          <thing11></thing11>
          <thing12></thing12>
          <thing13>rr</thing13>
       </ltOverride>
    </LaborTaskInterface>

上面的输出可以实现吗？

我认为这将涉及对 XSLT 以下部分的编辑：

  <xsl:template match="LaborTask">
    <xsl:variable name="temp-data">
      <xsl:apply-templates select="ltOverride" mode="attributes-to-elements"/>
    </xsl:variable>
    <xsl:for-each select="msxsl:node-set($temp-data)/ltOverride">
      <xsl:copy>
        <xsl:for-each select="*[generate-id() = generate-id(key('group', concat(generate-id(..), '|',      name()))[1])]">
          <xsl:for-each select="key('group', concat(generate-id(..), '|', name()))">
            <xsl:variable name="index">
              <xsl:if test="position() > 1">
                <xsl:value-of select="concat('.', position())"/>
              </xsl:if>
            </xsl:variable>
            <xsl:element name="{name()}{$index}">
              <xsl:value-of select="."/>
            </xsl:element>
          </xsl:for-each>
        </xsl:for-each>        
      </xsl:copy>
    </xsl:for-each>
  </xsl:template>

除了可行性之外，当转换超出 XML 中的先前点时，是否有一种方法可以添加/更改先前的点？

顺便说一句，我已经使用以下链接的指导实现了对 Access 的导入： https://learn.microsoft.com/ en-us/office/troubleshoot/access/import-attribute-centric-xml

针对上面更新的 xml 运行下面建议的 xslt-1.0 后：

<LaborTaskInterface>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>1</unit_id>
    <value>1</value>
    <thing2.2>k</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
    <thing10>o</thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>2</unit_id>
    <value>1</value>
    <thing2.2>l</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11>p</thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>3</unit_id>
    <value>1</value>
    <thing2.2>m</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12>q</thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>4</unit_id>
    <value>1</value>
    <thing2.2>n</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>c</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>d</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13>r</thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>11</unit_id>
    <value>11</value>
    <thing2.2>kk</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
    <thing10>oo</thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>22</unit_id>
    <value>12</value>
    <thing2.2>ll</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11>pp</thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>33</unit_id>
    <value>13</value>
    <thing2.2>mm</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12>qq</thing12>
    <thing13></thing13>
  </ltOverride>
  <ltOverride>
    <thing1>a</thing1>
    <thing2>c</thing2>
    <thing3>d</thing3>
    <thing4>e</thing4>
    <thing5>f</thing5>
    <thing6>g</thing6>
    <thing7>h</thing7>
    <thing8>i</thing8>
    <thing9>j</thing9>
    <thing1>aa</thing1>
    <thing2>bb</thing2>
    <thing3>dd</thing3>
    <thing4>ee</thing4>
    <thing5>ff</thing5>
    <thing6>gg</thing6>
    <thing7>hh</thing7>
    <thing8>ii</thing8>
    <thing9>jj</thing9>
    <unit_id>44</unit_id>
    <value>14</value>
    <thing2.2>nn</thing2.2>
    <thing3.2>cc</thing3.2>
    <thing4.2>dd</thing4.2>
    <thing10></thing10>
    <thing11></thing11>
    <thing12></thing12>
    <thing13>rr</thing13>
  </ltOverride>
</LaborTaskInterface>

Answer 1

我相信你必须彻底改变你的方法。也许是这样的：

XSLT 1.0

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"
extension-element-prefixes="msxsl">
<xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>

<xsl:key name="attr-by-name" match="ltOverride/@*" use="name()"/>
<xsl:key name="value" match="ltOverride/@*" use="concat(name(), generate-id(..))"/>

<xsl:template match="/LaborTaskInterface">
    <xsl:variable name="xml" select="/" />
    <!-- base -->
    <xsl:variable name="base-attr" select="LaborTask/@*"/>
    <xsl:variable name="base-elems">
        <xsl:for-each select="$base-attr">
            <xsl:element name="{name()}">
                <xsl:value-of select="." />
            </xsl:element>
        </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:variable>
    <!-- override -->
    <xsl:variable name="override-columns">
        <xsl:for-each select="LaborTask/ltOverride/@*[generate-id() = generate-id(key('attr-by-name', name())[1])]">
            <col name="{name()}"/>
        </xsl:for-each>      
    </xsl:variable>
    <!-- output -->
    <xsl:copy>
            <xsl:for-each select="LaborTask/ltOverride">
                <xsl:variable name="id" select="generate-id()" />
                <xsl:copy>
                    <xsl:copy-of select="$base-elems"/>
                    <xsl:for-each select="msxsl:node-set($override-columns)/col">
                        <xsl:variable name="name" select="@name" />
                        <xsl:variable name="dup">
                            <xsl:if test="$base-attr[name() = $name]">.2</xsl:if>
                        </xsl:variable>
                        <xsl:element name="{@name}{$dup}">
                            <!-- switch context back to input document in order to use key -->
                            <xsl:for-each select="$xml">
                                <xsl:value-of select="key('value', concat($name, $id))" />
                            </xsl:for-each>
                        </xsl:element>
                    </xsl:for-each>
                </xsl:copy>
            </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

AFAICT 结果与预期输出相同，除了表示列的元素的顺序之外。

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演示：https://xsltfiddle.liberty-development.net/eiorv1Z