包含第三方库时出现编译错误

Question

#include<stdio.h>
#include "flite.h"
cst_voice *register_cmu_us_kal();
int main()
{
 cst_voice *v;
 cst_wave *w;
 char *text = "Hello world programming";

 //Initialising the flite variables used
 flite_init();
 w = new_wave();

 v = register_cmu_us_kal(NULL);
 flite_text_to_speech(text,v,"hello_wave");

 if(cst_wave_load_riff(w,"hello_wave")!=CST_OK_FORMAT){
  printf("\nCompare_wave:Can read file or wrong format!\n");
 }
 else{
  play_wave(w);
 }
 return 0;
}

Makefile

all:compile \
  ./compile
compile:eg1.o
  gcc -o $@ eg1.o 
eg1.o:eg1.c $(LIBS_DIR) $(INC_DIR) $(LIBS)
  gcc -c $<
LIBS_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include
LIBS = -lflite_cmu_us_slt -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish
INCLUDE:
clean:
  rm -f *.o






I tried by giving he library and header file paths as LIBS_DIR = ../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib and INC_DIR = ../include

我通过包含第三方库尝试了以下 c 程序。该程序和 makefile 位于 b\flite-1.4-release\Learnin_though_example 文件夹中。 flite 库位于 b\flite-1.4-release\build\i386-linux-gnu\lib 中，头文件位于 b\flite-1.4-release\include 中。

我假设我已经为 makefile 提供了搜索文件的正确路径。但它没有识别出来，我遇到了一个错误，

make clean all
rm -f *.o
gcc -c eg1.c
eg1.c:2:19: error: flite.h: No such file or directory
eg1.c:3: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token
eg1.c: In function ‘main’:
eg1.c:6: error: ‘cst_voice’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:6: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
eg1.c:6: error: for each function it appears in.)
eg1.c:6: error: ‘v’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:7: error: ‘cst_wave’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:7: error: ‘w’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:17: error: ‘CST_OK_FORMAT’ undeclared (first use in this function)
make: *** [eg1.o] Error 1

请帮助我理解我在做什么错误

编辑：

我按照马特的指导修改了makefile：

all:compile
compile:eg1.o
  gcc $(INC_DIR) $(LIB_DIR) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS) 
eg1.o:eg1.c
  gcc $(INC_DIR) -o $@ -c $^
LIBS_DIR = -L../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I../include
LIBS = -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt
clean:
  rm -f *.o

但我得到了不同的结果使用命令“make clean all”编译时出现错误，

rm -f *.o
gcc -I../include -o eg1.o -c eg1.c
gcc -I../include  -o compile eg1.o -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt 
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lflite
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [compile] Error 1

编辑：

rm -f *.o
gcc -I../include -o eg1.o -c eg1.c
gcc -I../include -L../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib -o compile eg1.o -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt -lflite_cmu_us_rms 
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `sin'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `exp'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `sqrt'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `log'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `fmod'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `pow'

Answer 1

恐怕你的 makefile 已经完全损坏了。

基本的 Makefile 语法是：

target: pre-requisite(s)
<tab>Stuff to do to build target from pre-reqs (if required)

所以这是错误的，eg1.o 不能成为构建自身的先决条件。

compile:eg1.o
  gcc -o eg1.o 

您应该：（

eg1.o: eg1.c
  gcc $(INC_DIR) -o $@ -c $^

$@ 是目标，$^ 是所有先决条件。）

然后您可以：

myexe: eg1.o
  gcc $(INC_DIR) $(LIBS_DIR) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)

这将生成 myexe eg1.o。您的 all 规则应该是 all: myexe，没有配方（没有命令），并且位于顶部。

然后你的包含目录和库目录就混合在一起了。 -I 用于包含路径，-L 用于库路径。

将变量定义放在规则之前，这更常见/通常。并且不要在 -L/-I 及其后面的路径之间放置空格。

Answer 2

要搜索的包含目录由-I 标志，而不是 -L。

更改：

LIBS_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include

至：

LIBS_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include