如何正确渲染自定义404和500页面？

发布于 2025-01-04 18:29:15 字数 1228 浏览 3 评论 0原文

有没有办法告诉 Rails 呈现您的自定义错误页面（例如，您在 ErrorsController 中编写的页面）？我搜索了很多主题，似乎有点工作的一个是向您的 ApplicationController 添加类似的内容

if Rails.env.production?
  rescue_from Exception, :with => :render_error
  rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, :with => :render_not_found
  rescue_from ActionController::UnknownController, :with => :render_not_found
  rescue_from ActionController::UnknownAction, :with => :render_not_found
end

，然后编写您的方法 render_error 和 render_not_found< /code> 你想要的方式。在我看来，这是一个非常不优雅的解决方案。而且，这也很糟糕，因为您必须确切地知道可能发生的所有错误是什么。这是一个临时解决方案。

另外，确实没有简单的方法可以通过这种方式挽救 ActionController::RoutingError。我发现一种方法是

get "*not_found", :to => "errors#not_found"

向您的 routes.rb 添加类似的内容。但是，如果您想在某个地方手动引发 ActionController::RoutingError 该怎么办？例如，如果非管理员尝试通过猜测 URL 访问“管理”控制器。在这些情况下，我更喜欢引发 404，而不是引发某种“未经授权的访问”错误，因为这实际上会告诉人们他猜到了 URL。如果你手动提升它，它会尝试渲染一个 500 页面，而我想要一个 404。

那么有没有办法告诉 Rails：“在所有情况下，你通常会渲染一个 404.html 或a 500.html，渲染我的自定义 404 和 500 页面”？（当然，我从 public 文件夹中删除了 404.html 和 500.html 页面。）

原文

Is there are way to tell Rails to render your custom error pages (for example, the ones you write in your ErrorsController)? I've searched many topics, and the one that seems to kinda work was to add to your ApplicationController something like

if Rails.env.production?
  rescue_from Exception, :with => :render_error
  rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, :with => :render_not_found
  rescue_from ActionController::UnknownController, :with => :render_not_found
  rescue_from ActionController::UnknownAction, :with => :render_not_found
end

and then you write your methods render_error and render_not_found the way you want. This seems to me like a really unelegant solution. Also, it's bad, because you have to know exactly what are all the errors that could happen. It's a temporary solution.

Also, there is really no easy way to rescue an ActionController::RoutingError that way. I saw that one way was to add something like

get "*not_found", :to => "errors#not_found"

to your routes.rb. But what if you want to raise somewhere an ActionController::RoutingError manually? For example, if a person who is not an administrator tries to go to "adminy" controllers by guessing the URL. In those situations I prefer raising a 404 more than raising an "unauthorized access" error of some kind, because that would actually tell the person that he guessed the URL. If you raise it manually, it will try to render a 500 page, and I want a 404.

So is there a way to tell Rails: "In all cases you would normally render a 404.html or a 500.html, render my custom 404 and 500 pages"? (Of course, I deleted the 404.html and 500.html pages from the public folder.)

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时光倒影 2025-01-11 18:29:15

不幸的是，据我所知，没有任何方法可以被重写来提供您想要的东西。您可以使用周围过滤器。您的代码将如下所示：

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  around_filter :catch_exceptions

  protected
    def catch_exceptions
      yield
    rescue => exception
      if exception.is_a?(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound)
        render_page_not_found
      else
        render_error
      end
    end
end

您可以按照您认为适合该方法的方式处理每个错误。那么您的 #render_page_not_found 和 #render_error 方法必须类似于

render :template => 'errors/404'

您需要在 app/views/errors/404.html 处有一个文件。 [haml|erb]

Unfortunately there aren't any methods I know of that can be overridden to provide what you want. You could use an around filter. Your code would look something like this:

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  around_filter :catch_exceptions

  protected
    def catch_exceptions
      yield
    rescue => exception
      if exception.is_a?(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound)
        render_page_not_found
      else
        render_error
      end
    end
end

You can handle each error as you see fit in that method. Then your #render_page_not_found and #render_error methods would have to be something like