测试具有带tiles配置的视图的spring mvc控制器

Question

我不知道如何测试具有图块配置视图的控制器。

下面是编写的单元测试用例，

import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/servlet-context.xml", "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/tiles-definitions.xml"})
@TestExecutionListeners(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class)
public class BankControllerTest {

    @Inject
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private HandlerAdapter handlerAdapter;

    private MockHttpServletRequest request;
    private MockHttpServletResponse response;
    private BankController controller;


    private ModelAndView handle(final HttpServletRequest request, final HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        final HandlerMapping handlerMapping = applicationContext.getBean(HandlerMapping.class);
        final HandlerExecutionChain handler = handlerMapping.getHandler(request);
        Assert.assertNotNull("No handler found for request, check you request mapping", handler);
        final Object controller = handler.getHandler();
        for (final HandlerInterceptor interceptor : handlerMapping.getHandler(request).getInterceptors()) {
            if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, controller)) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        return handlerAdapter.handle(request, response, controller);
    }

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
        response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
        this.handlerAdapter = applicationContext.getBean(HandlerAdapter.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void banksList() throws Exception {
        request.setRequestURI("/banksList.do");
        request.setMethod("GET");
        final ModelAndView mav = handle(request, response);
        // assertViewName(mav, "banksList");
        // assertAndReturnModelAttributeOfType(mav, "banksList",
        // BankList.class);
    }
}   

我收到以下错误

INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from URL [file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/sach-context.xml]
INFO : org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner - JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning
INFO : org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner - JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning
INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from URL [file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/tiles-definitions.xml]
ERROR: org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@2c1e6b] to prepare test instance [com.myapp.simulator.controller.BankControllerTest@811c88]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:308)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from URL [file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/tiles-definitions.xml]; nested exception is java.net.UnknownHostException: tiles.apache.org
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:408)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:143)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:178)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:149)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:212)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:81)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:1)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:280)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:304)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: java.net.UnknownHostException: tiles.apache.org
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.Socket.connect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.<init>(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.New(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.New(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.connect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityManager.setupCurrentEntity(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityManager.startEntity(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLEntityManager.startDTDEntity(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDTDScannerImpl.setInputSource(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$DTDDriver.dispatch(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$DTDDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:75)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:388)
    ... 34 more

如何克服此错误。控制器的测试方法是什么？我是否需要使用任何其他框架来为我的控制器编写测试用例

Answer 1

将lazy-init="true" 设置为tiles bean 配置，如下所示。

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles2.TilesConfigurer" lazy-init="true"

Answer 2

这取决于你想测试什么。如果您只是确保平铺视图名称正确，那么您不必使用 Spring Configuration 是正确的。但是，如果您想查看视图是否已解析或检查模型属性、响应等，那么 Spring 有一个 MVC 测试框架。它是一个独立的版本，但现在是 3.2 的一部分。因此，如果您使用 Spring 3，您可能需要查看 SpringMVC Showcase 中的测试。我还没有使用 Tiles 对其进行测试，但它确实能够设置视图解析器，因此应该是可能的。

Answer 3

问题是您无法使用需要 Web 容器的 bean 加载 spring 上下文。

如果您只想测试控制器，那么我建议进行真正的单元测试，而不使用 Spring Context。这意味着您需要为控制器所需的类创建模拟。

Answer 4

我使用以下内容在 Spring Boot 中加载测试用例，以tiles为例

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)   
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = {MyApplication.class, TestConfigurtaion.class})   
@WebAppConfiguration
public class UserRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Test
    public void testCase{

    }   
}

然后是tiles配置的另一个类

@Configuration
public class TestConfigurtaion {

    @Bean
    public TilesConfigurer tilesConfigurer() {
        TilesConfigurer configurer = new TilesConfigurer();
        configurer.setDefinitions(new String[] { "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/tiles.xml" });
        configurer.setCheckRefresh(true);
        return configurer;
    }
}