ffmpeg libx264 AVCodecContext 设置

发布于 2025-01-02 18:28:37 字数 2883 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我正在使用最近的 Windows(2011 年 1 月)ffmpeg 构建并尝试以 H264 录制视频。使用以下设置,它可以在 MPEG4 中正常录制:

c->codec_id = CODEC_ID_MPEG4;
c->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
c->width = VIDEO_WIDTH;
c->height = VIDEO_HEIGHT;
c->bit_rate = c->width * c->height * 4;
c->time_base.den = FRAME_RATE;
c->time_base.num = 1;
c->gop_size = 12;
c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;

仅将 CODEC Id 更改为 H264 会导致 avcodec_open() 失败 (-1)。我找到了可能的设置列表 如何使用 libavcodec/x264 编码 h.264?。我已经尝试过这些,没有设置 pix_fmt,avcodec_open() 仍然失败,但如果我另外设置 c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;然后我得到除以零的异常。

然后我在这里看到了一些帖子,说我不应该设置任何内容(除了 code_id、codec_type、宽度、高度,也许还有 bit_rate 和 pix_fmt),因为库现在会自行选择最佳设置。我尝试了各种组合, avcode_open() 仍然失败。

有人对该怎么做或一些当前的设置有一些建议吗?

谢谢。

以下是一组 H264 设置,它们给出了我描述的问题:

static AVStream* AddVideoStream(AVFormatContext *pOutputFmtCtx, 
int frameWidth, int frameHeight, int fps)
{
AVCodecContext* ctx;
AVStream* stream;

stream = av_new_stream(pOutputFmtCtx, 0);
if (!stream) 
{
    return NULL;
}

ctx = stream->codec;

ctx->codec_id = pOutputFmtCtx->oformat->video_codec; //CODEC_ID_H264
ctx->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
ctx->width = frameWidth;             //704
ctx->height = frameHeight;           //576
ctx->bit_rate = frameWidth * frameHeight * 4;

ctx->coder_type = 1;  // coder = 1
ctx->flags|=CODEC_FLAG_LOOP_FILTER;   // flags=+loop
ctx->me_cmp|= 1;  // cmp=+chroma, where CHROMA = 1
ctx->partitions|=X264_PART_I8X8+X264_PART_I4X4+X264_PART_P8X8+X264_PART_B8X8; // partitions=+parti8x8+parti4x4+partp8x8+partb8x8
ctx->me_method=ME_HEX;    // me_method=hex
ctx->me_subpel_quality = 7;   // subq=7
ctx->me_range = 16;   // me_range=16
ctx->gop_size = 250;  // g=250
ctx->keyint_min = 25; // keyint_min=25
ctx->scenechange_threshold = 40;  // sc_threshold=40
ctx->i_quant_factor = 0.71; // i_qfactor=0.71
ctx->b_frame_strategy = 1;  // b_strategy=1
ctx->qcompress = 0.6; // qcomp=0.6
ctx->qmin = 10;   // qmin=10
ctx->qmax = 51;   // qmax=51
ctx->max_qdiff = 4;   // qdiff=4
ctx->max_b_frames = 3;    // bf=3
ctx->refs = 3;    // refs=3
ctx->directpred = 1;  // directpred=1
ctx->trellis = 1; // trellis=1
       ctx->flags2|=CODEC_FLAG2_BPYRAMID+CODEC_FLAG2_MIXED_REFS+CODEC_FLAG2_WPRED+CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT+CODEC_FLAG2_FASTPSKIP;  // flags2=+bpyramid+mixed_refs+wpred+dct8x8+fastpskip
ctx->weighted_p_pred = 2; // wpredp=2
// libx264-main.ffpreset preset
ctx->flags2|=CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT;
ctx->flags2^=CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT;    // flags2=-dct8x8

// if set this get divide by 0 error on avcodec_open()
// if don't set it get -1 error on avcodec_open()
//ctx->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P; 

return stream;

}

I am using a recent windows (Jan 2011) ffmpeg build and trying to record video in H264. It is recording fine in MPEG4 using the following settings:

c->codec_id = CODEC_ID_MPEG4;
c->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
c->width = VIDEO_WIDTH;
c->height = VIDEO_HEIGHT;
c->bit_rate = c->width * c->height * 4;
c->time_base.den = FRAME_RATE;
c->time_base.num = 1;
c->gop_size = 12;
c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;

Simply changing CODEC Id to H264 causes avcodec_open() to fail (-1). I found a list of possible settings How to encode h.264 with libavcodec/x264?. I have tried these, without setting pix_fmt, avcodec_open() still fails but if I additionally set c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P; then I get a divide by zero exception.

I then came across a few posts on here that say I should set nothing (with exception of code_id, codec_type, width, height and perhaps bit_rate and pix_fmt) as the library now chooses the best settings itself. I have tried various combinations, still avcode_open() fails.

Does anyone have some advice on what to do or some settings that are current?

Thanks.

Here are one set of H264 settings which give the issue I describe:

static AVStream* AddVideoStream(AVFormatContext *pOutputFmtCtx, 
int frameWidth, int frameHeight, int fps)
{
AVCodecContext* ctx;
AVStream* stream;

stream = av_new_stream(pOutputFmtCtx, 0);
if (!stream) 
{
    return NULL;
}

ctx = stream->codec;

ctx->codec_id = pOutputFmtCtx->oformat->video_codec; //CODEC_ID_H264
ctx->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
ctx->width = frameWidth;             //704
ctx->height = frameHeight;           //576
ctx->bit_rate = frameWidth * frameHeight * 4;

ctx->coder_type = 1;  // coder = 1
ctx->flags|=CODEC_FLAG_LOOP_FILTER;   // flags=+loop
ctx->me_cmp|= 1;  // cmp=+chroma, where CHROMA = 1
ctx->partitions|=X264_PART_I8X8+X264_PART_I4X4+X264_PART_P8X8+X264_PART_B8X8; // partitions=+parti8x8+parti4x4+partp8x8+partb8x8
ctx->me_method=ME_HEX;    // me_method=hex
ctx->me_subpel_quality = 7;   // subq=7
ctx->me_range = 16;   // me_range=16
ctx->gop_size = 250;  // g=250
ctx->keyint_min = 25; // keyint_min=25
ctx->scenechange_threshold = 40;  // sc_threshold=40
ctx->i_quant_factor = 0.71; // i_qfactor=0.71
ctx->b_frame_strategy = 1;  // b_strategy=1
ctx->qcompress = 0.6; // qcomp=0.6
ctx->qmin = 10;   // qmin=10
ctx->qmax = 51;   // qmax=51
ctx->max_qdiff = 4;   // qdiff=4
ctx->max_b_frames = 3;    // bf=3
ctx->refs = 3;    // refs=3
ctx->directpred = 1;  // directpred=1
ctx->trellis = 1; // trellis=1
       ctx->flags2|=CODEC_FLAG2_BPYRAMID+CODEC_FLAG2_MIXED_REFS+CODEC_FLAG2_WPRED+CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT+CODEC_FLAG2_FASTPSKIP;  // flags2=+bpyramid+mixed_refs+wpred+dct8x8+fastpskip
ctx->weighted_p_pred = 2; // wpredp=2
// libx264-main.ffpreset preset
ctx->flags2|=CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT;
ctx->flags2^=CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT;    // flags2=-dct8x8

// if set this get divide by 0 error on avcodec_open()
// if don't set it get -1 error on avcodec_open()
//ctx->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P; 

return stream;

}

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水溶 2025-01-09 18:28:37

根据我的经验,在初始化编解码器时,您应该为 FFMPEG 提供尽可能少的信息。这可能看起来违反直觉,但这意味着 FFMPEG 将使用它的默认设置,这些设置比您自己的猜测更有可能起作用。请参阅下面我将包含的内容:

AVStream *stream;
m_video_codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
stream = avformat_new_stream(_outputCodec, m_video_codec);
ctx = stream->codec;
ctx->codec_id = m_fmt->video_codec;
ctx->bit_rate = m_AVIMOV_BPS;           //Bits Per Second 
ctx->width    = m_AVIMOV_WIDTH;         //Note Resolution must be a multiple of 2!!
ctx->height   = m_AVIMOV_HEIGHT;        //Note Resolution must be a multiple of 2!!
ctx->time_base.den = m_AVIMOV_FPS;      //Frames per second
ctx->time_base.num = 1;
ctx->gop_size      = m_AVIMOV_GOB;      // Intra frames per x P frames
ctx->pix_fmt       = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;//Do not change this, H264 needs YUV format not RGB

与之前的答案一样,这里是将 RGB 帧编码为 H264 视频的 FFMPEG 库的工作示例:

http://www.imc-store.com.au/Articles.asp?ID=276

不过,对你的代码有一个额外的想法:

  • 你有吗称为注册​​都喜欢下面?

    avcodec_register_all();

    av_register_all();

    如果您不在代码开头附近调用这两个函数,您对 FFMPEG 的后续调用将失败,并且很可能会出现段错误。

看一下链接的示例,我在 VC++2010 上测试了它,它运行得很好。

In my experience you should give FFMPEG the least amount of information when initialising your codec as possible. This may seem counter intuitive but it means that FFMPEG will use it's default settings that are more likely to work than your own guesses. See what I would include below:

AVStream *stream;
m_video_codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
stream = avformat_new_stream(_outputCodec, m_video_codec);
ctx = stream->codec;
ctx->codec_id = m_fmt->video_codec;
ctx->bit_rate = m_AVIMOV_BPS;           //Bits Per Second 
ctx->width    = m_AVIMOV_WIDTH;         //Note Resolution must be a multiple of 2!!
ctx->height   = m_AVIMOV_HEIGHT;        //Note Resolution must be a multiple of 2!!
ctx->time_base.den = m_AVIMOV_FPS;      //Frames per second
ctx->time_base.num = 1;
ctx->gop_size      = m_AVIMOV_GOB;      // Intra frames per x P frames
ctx->pix_fmt       = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;//Do not change this, H264 needs YUV format not RGB

As in previous answers, here is a working example of the FFMPEG library encoding RGB frames to a H264 video:

http://www.imc-store.com.au/Articles.asp?ID=276

An extra thought on your code though:

  • Have you called register all like below?

    avcodec_register_all();

    av_register_all();

    If you don't call these two functions near the start of your code your subsequent calls to FFMPEG will fail and you'll most likely seg-fault.

Have a look at the linked example, I tested it on VC++2010 and it works perfectly.

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