如何在 OSX 中获取 NSStatusBar 的所有 NSStatusItem 元素？

Question

我需要获取 OSX 状态栏中的所有元素。

我试图获取系统的 NSStatusBar id: [NSStatusBar systemStatusBar] 但我不知道如何获取其中的所有 NSStatusItems。 我在 NSStatusBar 中找到了一个名为 _items 的私有方法，但我无法调用它：

[[NSStatusBar systemStatusBar] _items];

Xcode 告诉我该方法不存在。

如何获取 NSStatusBar 中的所有 NSStatusItem 元素？

谢谢

Answer 1

您无法将所有项目作为 NSStatusItem 对象获取，因为它们并不全部属于您的进程。

如果您只对它们在屏幕上的位置以及哪些应用程序拥有它们感兴趣，则可以使用 CGWindow API 来实现，因为从技术上讲，状态项是（无边框）窗口。下面是一个记录所有状态栏项目信息的示例：

NSArray *windowInfos = (NSArray *)CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID); 
for (NSDictionary *windowInfo in windowInfos) {
    if (([[windowInfo objectForKey:(id)kCGWindowLayer] intValue] == 25) 
        && (![[windowInfo objectForKey:(id)kCGWindowOwnerName] isEqual:@"SystemUIServer"])) {
        NSLog(@"Status bar item: %@", windowInfo);
    }
}
[windowInfos release];

请注意，不包括系统的项目；它们全部组合在一个属于“SystemUIServer”的窗口中。此外，此方法可能不是特别可靠，因为状态栏项目的窗口层可能会更改（此处假设为 25，但这没有在任何地方记录）。

Answer 2

这是 Swift 中的更新片段：

import AppKit

let windowInfoDicts = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(.optionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID) as! [NSDictionary]
let statusItemInfoDicts = windowInfoDicts.filter { $0[kCGWindowLayer] as! Int == 25 }

// You might want to remove "SystemUIServer" and "Control Center", which own the built-in
// system status items.
let processNamesWithStatusItems = Set(statusItemInfoDicts.map { $0[kCGWindowOwnerName] as! String })
print(processNamesWithStatusItems)

尽管我认为最好将这些字典解压到一些更简单的 Swift 结构中。它有点样板，但它使调用代码更加简单。

import AppKit
import CoreGraphics

struct WindowInfo {
    static var allOnScreenWindows: [WindowInfo] {
        let windowInfoDicts = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(.optionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID) as! [NSDictionary]
        return windowInfoDicts.map(WindowInfo.init)
    }
    
    let name: String?
    let ownerName: String
    let ownerProcessID: pid_t
    let layer: Int
    let bounds: NSRect
    let alpha: Double
    let isOnscreen: Bool
    let memoryUsage: Measurement<UnitInformationStorage>
    let windowNumber: Int
    let sharingState: CGWindowSharingType
    let backingStoreType: CGWindowBackingType
    let otherAttributes: NSDictionary
    var isStatusMenuItem: Bool { layer == 25 }
    var isThirdPartyItem: Bool { ownerName != "SystemUIServer" && ownerName != "Control Center" }
}

extension WindowInfo {
    init(fromDict dict: NSDictionary) {
        let boundsDict = dict[kCGWindowBounds] as! NSDictionary

        var bounds = NSRect()
        assert(CGRectMakeWithDictionaryRepresentation(boundsDict, &bounds))
                
        let otherAttributes = NSMutableDictionary(dictionary: dict)
        otherAttributes.removeObjects(forKeys: [
            kCGWindowName,
            kCGWindowOwnerName,
            kCGWindowOwnerPID,
            kCGWindowLayer,
            kCGWindowBounds,
            kCGWindowAlpha,
            kCGWindowIsOnscreen,
            kCGWindowMemoryUsage,
            kCGWindowNumber,
            kCGWindowSharingState,
            kCGWindowStoreType,
        ])
        
        self.init(
            name: dict[kCGWindowName] as! String?,
            ownerName: dict[kCGWindowOwnerName] as! String,
            ownerProcessID: dict[kCGWindowOwnerPID] as! pid_t,
            layer: dict[kCGWindowLayer] as! Int,
            bounds: bounds,
            alpha: dict[kCGWindowAlpha] as! Double,
            isOnscreen: dict[kCGWindowIsOnscreen] as! Bool,
            memoryUsage: Measurement<UnitInformationStorage>(value: dict[kCGWindowMemoryUsage] as! Double, unit: .bytes),
            windowNumber: dict[kCGWindowNumber] as! Int,
            sharingState: CGWindowSharingType(rawValue: dict[kCGWindowSharingState] as! UInt32)!,
            backingStoreType: CGWindowBackingType(rawValue: dict[kCGWindowStoreType] as! UInt32)!,
            otherAttributes: otherAttributes
        )
    }
}

调用代码就好多了：

// Sort it from left to right.
// Note: these repeat once per screen, so you might want to de-duplicate them.
let statusItemWindows = WindowInfo.allOnScreenWindows.filter(\.isStatusMenuItem).sorted { $0.bounds.origin.x < $1.bounds.origin.x }
let processesWithStatusItems = Set(statusItemWindows.filter(\.isThirdPartyItem).map(\.ownerName))
print(processesWithStatusItems)