将推送通知从 Windows Phone 设备发送到 Web 服务

Question

我对 Windows Phone 7 设备的推送通知服务有疑问： 我现在可以使用 Web 应用程序向手机发送推送通知，更改磁贴的数据。但问题是：当我启动应用程序时，我需要在调试器输出中显示 URI，然后将其复制粘贴到 Web 应用程序中，这反过来会联系 MPNS，这对于更新来说很好，一旦一部电话。但我想创建一个可以自动进行多个调用的 Web 服务，检索应用程序的 URI（我认为该 URI 在关闭和打开应用程序后会发生变化）并向其发送推送通知。但我还没有找到涉及此问题的 MSDN 主题。他们只是使用推荐，说：“稍后用所需的 URI 替换。”所以我的问题是：如何使用手机向网络服务发送这样的消息，响应它，然后再次连接到手机，处理这样的请求？ 另外：我是否需要经过身份验证的网络服务，或者是否有调试版本？

这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

  /// <summary>
    /// Setup a connection with a webservice, in order to update a shell, either a toast- or a tile shell.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="shellType">The type of shell you wish to update</param>
    public void SetupShellChannel ( ShellBindType shellType )
    {
        //holds the push notification that is created. Since we can only have one notification channel open at any one time, 
        //we will need to check for existance. That is why, the channelName shouldn't be changed
        HttpNotificationChannel _httpChannel = HttpNotificationChannel.Find( _channelName );

        //if the _httpChannel was not found ( read: does not exist )
        if ( _httpChannel == null )
        {
            _httpChannel = new HttpNotificationChannel( _channelName  );
            _httpChannel.Open( );

            //because there is more than one shelltype we can open, we will use a switch to call the method we seek
            BindToShell( _httpChannel, shellType );
        }
            //Only one push notification service is allowed per application, so we cannot send a tile notification, as well as 
            //a toast message notification. When we attempt this, we get a InvalidOperationException
        else
        { 
            //in this case, the _httpChannel did already exist, but the problem is, we cannot just add the eventHandlers, 
            //because there is the danger that it didn't exist, and we would get a null pointer exception.
            //_httpChannel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>( httpChannel_ChannelUriUpdated );
            //_httpChannel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>( httpChannel_ErrorOccurred );

            //For testing purposes, we now display the URI to the user, and as output. Normally, we would pass this URI back to the webserver
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( _httpChannel.ChannelUri.ToString( ) );
        }

        //if ( _httpChannel.ChannelUri )

        //When the URI is updated, we want this to be sent to the server as well, so we know that the adress has changed, 
        //and don't just send data somewhere into the void. Also, when encountering an error, we want to show the user when 
        //an error has occured.
        _httpChannel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>( HttpChannel_ChannelUriUpdated );
        _httpChannel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>( HttpChannel_ErrorOccurred );
    }

    //here, also we would return the URI to the server, but for debugging purposes, we display them to the user.
    void HttpChannel_ChannelUriUpdated( object sender, NotificationChannelUriEventArgs e )
    {
        Deployment.Current.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke( ( ) => 
        {
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine( e.ChannelUri.ToString( ) );
            MessageBox.Show( String.Format( "the URI is {0}", e.ChannelUri.ToString( ) ) );
        } );
    }

    private void BindToShell( HttpNotificationChannel channel, ShellBindType shellType )
    {
        switch ( shellType )
        {
            case ShellBindType.BindToShellTile:
                channel.BindToShellTile( );
                break;
            case ShellBindType.BindToShellToast:
                channel.BindToShellToast( );
                break;
        }        
    }

    void HttpChannel_ErrorOccurred( object sender, NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs e )
    {
        //getting an error would be caugth here, and then displayed to the user.
        Deployment.Current.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke( ( ) =>
            {
                MessageBox.Show( String.Format( "A push notification {0} error occured. {1}{(2)}{3}", 
                    e.ErrorType, e.Message, e.ErrorCode, e.ErrorAdditionalData ) );
            } );
    }

Answer 1

好的，我明白你的问题。我所做的是，一旦从 MPNS 获取 URI，我就以此作为参数调用服务上的 Web 方法 -
订阅（intsubscriberId，UrichannelUri）；

因此，您需要确保在应用程序中生成一个subscriberId来识别用户并将其存储在独立存储中。这可以是 GUID。

现在，服务器有责任将订阅者到 Uri 的映射保存在持久存储中。

此外，您还需要提供 UnSubscribe 方法，供用户选择退出推送通知。这是推送通知的认证要求之一。

现在关于你的第二个问题 - 是的，你需要保护你的服务 - 你不想处理未知的请求。

我个人所做的，分为2个服务——发布服务和订阅服务。发布服务将发出通知，而订阅将具有订阅/取消订阅方法。

Answer 2

我猜您是想询问是否可以从 Windows Phone 本身发送推送通知，而不是使用任何其他服务器端 ASP/PHP，如 MSDN 中的示例应用程序中所述。是的。您可以从手机/设备本身发送通知。您只需更改 MSDN 中给出的示例应用程序的发送功能即可。如果您有任何疑问，请回复。

static async Task<string> SendPushNotification(string textToSend)
{
    //You can maintain a DB to query different channel URIs of devices
    string subscriptionUri = "<Uri To Which You Want Send Notification>";
    HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);
    sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";

    string toastMessage = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>" +
        "<wp:Notification xmlns:wp=\"WPNotification\">" +
           "<wp:Toast>" +
                "<wp:Text1>" + textToSend + "</wp:Text1>" +
                "<wp:Param>/NotificationDetails.xaml?Message=" + textToSend + "</wp:Param>" +
           "</wp:Toast> " +
        "</wp:Notification>";
    byte[] notificationMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(toastMessage);

    sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = notificationMessage.Length;
    sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";
    sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-WindowsPhone-Target"] = "toast";
    sendNotificationRequest.Headers["X-NotificationClass"] = "2";

    using (var requestStream = await Task.Factory.FromAsync<Stream>(sendNotificationRequest.BeginGetRequestStream, sendNotificationRequest.EndGetRequestStream, null))
    {
        requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);
    }

    string notificationStatus;
    using (var response = (HttpWebResponse)(await Task<WebResponse>.Factory.FromAsync(sendNotificationRequest.BeginGetResponse, sendNotificationRequest.EndGetResponse, null)))
    {
        //StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
        //result = reader.ReadToEnd();
        notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];
        MessageBox.Show(notificationStatus);
    }
    return notificationStatus;
}