无法修改冻结字符串错误

Question

我运行一个测试，随机出现错误：无法修改冻结的字符串（运行时错误）

此错误似乎仅在发生超时错误后才会发生。不确定这是否意味着它们有关联，但这让我相信是这样。任何人都知道是什么原因造成的？它似乎只在命令提示符下运行时才会发生（至少我还没有通过 Rubymine 看到它）。

编辑： Windows 7 64 位

Ruby 1.9.3 这是我正在使用的 gems：

LOCAL GEMS

• activemodel (3.1.3)
• activerecord (3.1.3)
• activerecord-sqlserver-adapter (3.1.5)
• activesupport (3.1.3)
• arel (2.2.1) 1）
• bigdecimal（1.1.0）
• 构建器（3.0.0）
• 捆绑器（1.0.21）
• 子进程（0.3.0）
• composite_primary_keys（4.1.2）
• 黄瓜（1.1.4）
• database_cleaner（0.7.1）
• diff-lcs（1.1.3）
• factory_girl（2.5.0，2.4.2）
• faker（1.0.1）
• ffi（1.0） .11, 1.0.9 x86-mingw32)
• 小黄瓜 (2.7.6 x86-mingw32, 2.7.3 x86-mingw32)
• i18n (0.6.0)
• iemodal (0.0.4)
• io-console (0.3)
• json (1.6.5, 1.5.4)
• minitest (2.5.1)
• multi_json (1.0.4) ）
• 页面对象（0.6.1）
• pickle（0.4.10）
• rake (0.9.2.2)
• rdoc (3.9.4)
• require_all (1.2.1)
• rspec (2.8.0)
• rspec-core (2.8.0)
• rspec-expectations (2.8.0)
• rspec-mocks (2.8.0)
• ruby​​-odbc (0.99994)
• ruby​​gems-update (1.8.15)
• ruby​​zip (0.9.5)
• selenium-webdriver （2.17.0）
• term-ansicolor（1.0.7）
• 测试单元（2.4.5）
• tzinfo（0.3.31）
• watir-webdriver（0.5.0，0.4.1）
• 码（0.7.4）

这是堆栈跟踪：

can't modify frozen String (RuntimeError)
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/formatter/html.r
b:383:in `block in build_exception_detail'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/builder-3.0.0/lib/builder/xmlbase.rb:155:in
`call'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/builder-3.0.0/lib/builder/xmlbase.rb:155:in
`_nested_structures'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/builder-3.0.0/lib/builder/xmlbase.rb:63:in `
method_missing'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/formatter/html.r
b:373:in `build_exception_detail'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/formatter/html.r
b:269:in `exception'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:173:in `block in send_to_all'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:171:in `each'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:171:in `send_to_all'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:166:in `broadcast'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:122:in `visit_exception'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/scenario.rb:
68:in `fail!'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:117:in `rescue in invoke'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:113:in `invoke'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:102:in `block in execute_before'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:101:in `each'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:101:in `execute_before'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/language_support
/language_methods.rb:15:in `before'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_
code.rb:112:in `block in fire_hook'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_
code.rb:111:in `each'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_
code.rb:111:in `fire_hook'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:104:i
n `before'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/background.r
b:39:in `block in accept'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/background.r
b:52:in `block in with_visitor'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/scenario.rb:
108:in `with_visitor'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/background.r
b:51:in `with_visitor'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/background.r
b:38:in `accept'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:57:in `block in visit_background'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:163:in `broadcast'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:56:in `visit_background'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/feature.rb:4
1:in `accept'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:20:in `block in visit_feature'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:163:in `broadcast'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:19:in `visit_feature'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/features.rb:
29:in `block in accept'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/features.rb:
17:in `each'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/features.rb:
17:in `each'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/features.rb:
28:in `accept'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:14:in `block in visit_features'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:163:in `broadcast'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/ast/tree_walker.
rb:13:in `visit_features'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:46:in
 `run!'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:43:i
n `execute!'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:20:i
n `execute'
C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.1.4/bin/cucumber:14:in `<top (req
uired)>'
C:/Ruby193/bin/cucumber:19:in `load'
C:/Ruby193/bin/cucumber:19:in `<main>'

编辑2： 好吧，我已经追踪到了它，看来 @browser = Watir::Browser.new :ie 我在钩子开始块中的命令深处存在一个问题...不知道这里发生了什么，但我想d 更新我所在的 atm 位置。

Answer 1

尝试将 @browser 实例的创建移动到 env.rb 文件（在 features/support 中）

如果您始终需要 @browser 对象，那么启动它可能比处理钩子更简单。

Answer 2

如果您使用哈希来使测试更容易，或者在调用 gsub 时使用哈希！在哈希中的键上，这可能会导致错误。不确定您当前的问题是否发生这种情况。

我遇到了同样的错误，但情况不同。请参阅为什么哈希的字符串键会被冻结？ 了解更多详情。