如何从 char 指针转换为自定义对象指针
我使用 leveldb 来存储整数和 MyClass 对象的键值对。实际上,一个键可以包含多个这些对象。 从数据库检索数据时出现我遇到的问题。它可以编译,但是 MyClass 成员的值不是我放入数据库的值。
std::string value;
leveldb::Slice keySlice = ANYKEY;
levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);
std::string
value1
现在只能包含一个或多个 MyClass 对象。那么我如何获得它们呢?
我已经尝试过以下方法但不起作用;
1.)直接类型转换和memcpy
std::vector<MyClass> vObjects;
MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
memcpy((void*)obj, (void*) (value.c_str()), value.size());
MyClass dummyObj;
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
dummyObj = *(obj+i);
vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}
2.)reinterpret_cast 到void 指针
MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
const void* vobj = reinterpret_cast<const void*>( value.c_str() );
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
const MyClass dummyObj = *(reinterpret_cast<const MyClass*>(vobj)+i);
vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}
MyClass 是几个公共成员的集合,例如unsigned int 和unsigned char,并且它具有稳定的大小。
我知道只有一个对象也存在类似的问题。但在我的例子中,向量可以包含多个,并且它来自 leveldb 数据库。
编辑:解决方案
我为 MyClass 编写了(反)序列化方法,然后使其正常工作。谢谢你的提示!
void MyClass::serialize( char* outBuff ) {
memcpy(outBuff, (const void*) &aVar, sizeof(aVar));
unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
memcpy(outBuff+c, (const void*) &bVar, sizeof(bVar));
c += sizeof(bVAr);
/* and so on */
}
void MyClass::deserialize( const char* inBuff ) {
memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff, sizeof(aVar));
unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff+c, sizeof(aVar));
c += sizeof(aVar);
/* and so on */
}
get
方法如下(put
类似):
int getValues(leveldb::Slice keySlice, std::vector<MyObj>& values) const {
std::string value;
leveldb::Status status = levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);
if (!status.ok()) {
values.clear();
return -1;
}
int nValues = value1.size()/sizeof(CHit);
MyObj dummyObj;
for( int i=0; i<nValues; ++i) {
dummyObj.deserialize(value.c_str()+i*sizeof(MyObj));
values.push_back(dummyObj);
}
return 0;
}
I'm using leveldb to store key-value pairs of integer and MyClass objects. Actually, a key can contain more then one of theses objects.
The problem I have appears when retrieving the data from the database. It compiles, however the values of the MyClass members are not the one I put into the database.
std::string value;
leveldb::Slice keySlice = ANYKEY;
levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);
The std::string
value1
can now contain only one MyClass object or more. So how do I get them?
I already tried the following which didn't work;
1.) directly typecasting and memcpy
std::vector<MyClass> vObjects;
MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
memcpy((void*)obj, (void*) (value.c_str()), value.size());
MyClass dummyObj;
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
dummyObj = *(obj+i);
vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}
2.) reinterpret_cast to void pointer
MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
const void* vobj = reinterpret_cast<const void*>( value.c_str() );
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
const MyClass dummyObj = *(reinterpret_cast<const MyClass*>(vobj)+i);
vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}
MyClass is a collection of several public members, e.g. unsigned int and unsigned char and it has a stable size.
I know that there are similar problems with only one object. But in my case the vector can contain more then one and it comes from the leveldb database.
EDIT: SOLUTION
I wrote (de)serialization method for MyClass which then made it working. Thanks for the hint!
void MyClass::serialize( char* outBuff ) {
memcpy(outBuff, (const void*) &aVar, sizeof(aVar));
unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
memcpy(outBuff+c, (const void*) &bVar, sizeof(bVar));
c += sizeof(bVAr);
/* and so on */
}
void MyClass::deserialize( const char* inBuff ) {
memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff, sizeof(aVar));
unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff+c, sizeof(aVar));
c += sizeof(aVar);
/* and so on */
}
The get
method is as follows (put
analogously):
int getValues(leveldb::Slice keySlice, std::vector<MyObj>& values) const {
std::string value;
leveldb::Status status = levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);
if (!status.ok()) {
values.clear();
return -1;
}
int nValues = value1.size()/sizeof(CHit);
MyObj dummyObj;
for( int i=0; i<nValues; ++i) {
dummyObj.deserialize(value.c_str()+i*sizeof(MyObj));
values.push_back(dummyObj);
}
return 0;
}
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你必须序列化你的类...否则,你只是占用一些内存并将其写入 leveldb 中。无论你得到什么,不仅会有所不同,而且可能也完全没用。查看此问题以获取有关序列化的更多信息:如何序列化对象在 C++ 中?
LevelDB 确实支持一个键下的多个对象,但是,尽量避免这样做,除非您有充分的理由。我建议您使用唯一的散列对每个对象进行散列(如果您需要哈希函数,请参阅 Google 的 CityHash)并将序列化对象与其对应的存储在一起哈希。如果您的对象本身就是一个集合,那么您必须将所有对象序列化为字节数组,并使用某种方法来允许您确定每个对象的开始/结束位置。
更新
可序列化的类看起来像这样:
You have to serialize your class... otherwise, you're just taking some memory and writing it in leveldb. Whatever you get back is not only going to be different, but it will probably be completely useless too. Check out this question for more info on serialization: How do you serialize an object in C++?
LevelDB does support multiple objects under one key, however, try to avoid doing that unless you have a really good reason. I would recommend that you hash each object with a unique hash (see Google's CityHash if you want a hashing function) and store the serialized objects with their corresponding hash. If your objects is a collection in itself, then you have to serialize all of your objects to an array of bytes and have some method that allows you to determine where each object begins/ends.
Update
A serializable class would look something like this: