ColdFusion XmlSearch()：带有命名空间的 XPath

Question

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><env:Header xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"/><soapenv:Body><v9:ProcessShipmentReply xmlns:v9="http://fedex.com/ws/ship/v9"><v9:HighestSeverity xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">SUCCESS</v9:HighestSeverity><v9:Notifications xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><v9:Severity>SUCCESS</v9:Severity><v9:Source>ship</v9:Source><v9:Code>0000</v9:Code><v9:Message>Success</v9:Message><v9:LocalizedMessage>Success</v9:LocalizedMessage></v9:Notifications><v9:Version>
                            <v9:ServiceId>ship</v9:ServiceId>
                            <v9:Major>9</v9:Major>

                            <v9:Intermediate>0</v9:Intermediate>
                            <v9:Minor>0</v9:Minor>
                         </v9:Version><v9:CompletedShipmentDetail><v9:UsDomestic xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">false</v9:UsDomestic><v9:CarrierCode xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">FDXE</v9:CarrierCode><v9:ServiceTypeDescription xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">INTL PRIORITY</v9:ServiceTypeDescription><v9:PackagingDescription xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">YOUR_PACKAGING</v9:PackagingDescription><v9:RoutingDetail xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><v9:UrsaPrefixCode>9F</v9:UrsaPrefixCode><v9:UrsaSuffixCode>QNJA </v9:UrsaSuffixCode><v9:OriginLocationId>QVAA </v9:OriginLocationId><v9:OriginServiceArea>AM</v9:OriginServiceArea><v9:DestinationLocationId>QNJA </v9:DestinationLocationId><v9:DestinationServiceArea>PM</v9:DestinationServiceArea><v9:DestinationLocationStateOrProvinceCode>  </v9:DestinationLocationStateOrProvinceCode><v9:AstraPlannedServiceLevel>PM</v9:AstraPlannedServiceLevel><v9:AstraDescription>INTL PRIORITY</v9:AstraDescription><v9:PostalCode>74940</v9:PostalCode><v9:StateOrProvinceCode>  </v9:StateOrProvinceCode><v9:CountryCode>FR</v9:CountryCode><v9:AirportId>CDG</v9:AirportId></v9:RoutingDetail><v9:ShipmentRating xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><v9:ActualRateType>PAYOR_ACCOUNT_SHIPMENT</v9:ActualRateType><v9:ShipmentRateDetails><v9:RateType>PAYOR_ACCOUNT_SHIPMENT</v9:RateType><v9:RateScale>0000000</v9:RateScale><v9:RateZone>IT001O</v9:RateZone><v9:PricingCode>ACTUAL</v9:PricingCode><v9:RatedWeightMethod>ACTUAL</v9:RatedWeightMethod><v9:CurrencyExchangeRate><v9:FromCurrency>EUR</v9:FromCurrency><v9:IntoCurrency>USD</v9:IntoCurrency><v9:Rate>1.37</v9:Rate></v9:CurrencyExchangeRate><v9:DimDivisor>0</v9:DimDivisor><v9:FuelSurchargePercent>12.5</v9:FuelSurchargePercent><v9:TotalBillingWeight><v9:Units>KG</v9:Units><v9:Value>6.0</v9:Value></v9:TotalBillingWeight><v9:TotalBaseCharge><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>142.27</v9:Amount></v9:TotalBaseCharge><v9:TotalFreightDiscounts><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalFreightDiscounts><v9:TotalNetFreight><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>142.27</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetFreight><v9:TotalSurcharges><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>17.78</v9:Amount></v9:TotalSurcharges><v9:TotalNetFedExCharge><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>160.05</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetFedExCharge><v9:TotalTaxes><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalTaxes><v9:TotalNetCharge><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>160.05</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetCharge><v9:TotalRebates><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalRebates><v9:Surcharges><v9:SurchargeType>FUEL</v9:SurchargeType><v9:Description>Fuel</v9:Description><v9:Amount><v9:Currency>USD</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>17.78</v9:Amount></v9:Amount></v9:Surcharges></v9:ShipmentRateDetails><v9:ShipmentRateDetails><v9:RateType>RATED_ACCOUNT_SHIPMENT</v9:RateType><v9:RateScale>0000000</v9:RateScale><v9:RateZone>IT001O</v9:RateZone><v9:PricingCode>ACTUAL</v9:PricingCode><v9:RatedWeightMethod>ACTUAL</v9:RatedWeightMethod><v9:CurrencyExchangeRate><v9:FromCurrency>EUR</v9:FromCurrency><v9:IntoCurrency>EUR</v9:IntoCurrency><v9:Rate>1.0</v9:Rate></v9:CurrencyExchangeRate><v9:DimDivisor>0</v9:DimDivisor><v9:FuelSurchargePercent>12.5</v9:FuelSurchargePercent><v9:TotalBillingWeight><v9:Units>KG</v9:Units><v9:Value>6.0</v9:Value></v9:TotalBillingWeight><v9:TotalBaseCharge><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>103.6</v9:Amount></v9:TotalBaseCharge><v9:TotalFreightDiscounts><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalFreightDiscounts><v9:TotalNetFreight><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>103.6</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetFreight><v9:TotalSurcharges><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>12.95</v9:Amount></v9:TotalSurcharges><v9:TotalNetFedExCharge><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>116.55</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetFedExCharge><v9:TotalTaxes><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalTaxes><v9:TotalNetCharge><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>116.55</v9:Amount></v9:TotalNetCharge><v9:TotalRebates><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>0.0</v9:Amount></v9:TotalRebates><v9:Surcharges><v9:SurchargeType>FUEL</v9:SurchargeType><v9:Description>Fuel</v9:Description><v9:Amount><v9:Currency>EUR</v9:Currency><v9:Amount>12.95</v9:Amount></v9:Amount></v9:Surcharges></v9:ShipmentRateDetails></v9:ShipmentRating><v9:IneligibleForMoneyBackGuarantee xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">false</v9:IneligibleForMoneyBackGuarantee><v9:CompletedPackageDetails xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><v9:SequenceNumber>1</v9:SequenceNumber><v9:TrackingIds><v9:TrackingIdType>EXPRESS</v9:TrackingIdType><v9:FormId>0430</v9:FormId><v9:TrackingNumber>794794712260</v9:TrackingNumber></v9:TrackingIds><v9:GroupNumber>0</v9:GroupNumber><v9:Barcodes><v9:BinaryBarcodes><v9:Type>COMMON_2D</v9:Type><v9:Value>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</v9:Value></v9:BinaryBarcodes><v9:StringBarcodes><v9:Type>ASTRA</v9:Type><v9:Value>40497199110000047947947122604300</v9:Value></v9:StringBarcodes></v9:Barcodes><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>2</v9:Number><v9:Content>TRK#</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>3</v9:Number><v9:Content>0430</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>5</v9:Number><v9:Content>9F QNJA </v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>7</v9:Number><v9:Content>40497199110000047947947122604300</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>8</v9:Number><v9:Content>512G2/A78E/A278</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>10</v9:Number><v9:Content>7947 9471 2260</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>12</v9:Number><v9:Content>PM</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>13</v9:Number><v9:Content>INTL PRIORITY</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>15</v9:Number><v9:Content>74940</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>16</v9:Number><v9:Content>  -FR</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Number>17</v9:Number><v9:Content>CDG</v9:Content></v9:AstraLabelElements><v9:Label><v9:Type>OUTBOUND_LABEL</v9:Type><v9:ShippingDocumentDisposition>RETURNED</v9:ShippingDocumentDisposition><v9:Resolution>200</v9:Resolution><v9:CopiesToPrint>1</v9:CopiesToPrint><v9:Parts><v9:DocumentPartSequenceNumber>1</v9:DocumentPartSequenceNumber><v9:Image>HUGE STUFF!!!</v9:Image></v9:Parts></v9:Label><v9:SignatureOption>SERVICE_DEFAULT</v9:SignatureOption></v9:CompletedPackageDetails></v9:CompletedShipmentDetail></v9:ProcessShipmentReply></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

这是来自我的 Web 服务的 SOAP 响应。

我想要 XmlSearch() 获取 内容。

什么是正确的 XPath？ “//v9:image”和“//image”都不起作用！

Answer 1

命名空间 v9 不在根目录，因此您必须稍微修改语法才能访问 XML 文档的 v9 部分中的元素：

<cfset results = xmlSearch(myXMLDoc,"//*[local-name()='Image' and namespace-uri()='http://fedex.com/ws/ship/v9']") />

在这里，您忽略 v9 的 XML 声明，并显式引用通过 namespace-uri() 进行 XPath 搜索，并使用 local-name() 函数请求元素的值。

如果 v9 是在 XML 文档的根部（顶部）声明的，那么您尝试使用 //v9:Image/ 的旧 XPath 搜索语法将会起作用。

由于 ColdFusion XPath 库实现的原因，在执行搜索时无法任意设置命名空间上下文；您仅限于在文档根部声明的命名空间（并且它们被倒入 XPath 可以搜索的默认命名空间中），从而允许您使用命名空间别名（例如 //v9:Image/）执行搜索。当您深入了解 XML 并引入新的命名空间时，这种情况就会被打破。

来源：在 XPath 搜索中指定 xmlns 命名空间

Answer 2

在大多数 XPath 实现中，这个问题是通过在宿主语言中使用任意前缀注册命名空间 URI 来解决的，但我在 XMLSearch 文档（Google 也没有多大帮助）。

同时，以下解决方法应该会有所帮助：

//*[local-name()='Image']

这将从任何（或没有）命名空间中选择 image 元素。

或者，更具体地说（如 @Shawn 的回答所示）：

//*[local-name()='Image' and namespace-uri()='http://fedex.com/ws/ship/v9']

但是请注意，如果有某种方式向 XPath 引擎注册名称空间，那么这是完全没有必要的。例如，考虑以下完整的 Java 示例：

DocumentBuilderFactory domFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = domFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = builder.parse("workbook.xml");
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
NamespaceContext ctx = new NamespaceContext() {
    public String getNamespaceURI(String prefix) {
        if ("myName".equals(prefix)) {
            return "http://fedex.com/ws/ship/v9";
        } 
        return null;
    }
    public String getPrefix(String uri) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
    public Iterator getPrefixes(String uri) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }
};
xpath.setNamespaceContext(ctx);
XPathExpression expr = xpath.compile("//myName:Image");     

NodeList nodes = (NodeList) expr.evaluate(doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
    System.out.println("[" + nodes.item(i).getTextContent() + "]");
}

输出：

[HUGE STUFF!!!]

此代码将前缀 myName 与命名空间 URI http://fedex.com/ws/ship/v9 相关联。后续表达式可以使用任意选择的前缀名称来引用该命名空间中的节点：

//myName:Image

人们会认为 ColdFusion 支持类似的功能，但我无法在文档中找到它。但是，如果这样的功能不存在，那么这就是 ColdFusion 的限制。特别是，它与 XPath 本身或源文档中命名空间声明出现的位置无关。